Radiprotective effect of abana, a polyherbal drug following total body irradiation

Baliga, Manjeshwar Shrinath; Jagetia, Ganesh Chandra; Venkatesh, Ponemone; Reddy, R. Kiran Kumar; Ulloor, Jagadish

doi:10.1259/bjr/83720350

Cited by 40 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It was reported that γ irradiation of mice results in a statistically significant two- to threefold increase in serum nitrate concentration 2.5–3.0 h postirradiation that returns to baseline after 12 h (32). This nitrate increase is consistent with the effect in mice of sublethal γ -radiation exposure on nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in the liver, intestine, lung, kidney, brain, spleen and heart (33), on increased hepatic nitrite concentration and peroxidative damage (34), and on attenuated hepatic glutathione concentration (34, 35). There is abundant evidence therefore that γ irradiation of mice increases hepatic NO synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Radiation Metabolomics. 2. Dose- and Time-Dependent Urinary Excretion of Deaminated Purines and Pyrimidines after Sublethal Gamma-Radiation Exposure in Mice

et al. 2009

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Gamma-radiation exposure of humans is a major public health concern as the threat of terrorism and potential hostile use of radiological devices increases worldwide. We report here the effects of sublethal γ-radiation exposure on the mouse urinary metabolome determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-coupled time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Five urinary biomarkers of sublethal radiation exposure that were statistically significantly elevated during the first 24 h after exposure to doses ranging from 1 to 3 Gy were unequivocally identified by tandem mass spectrometry. These are deaminated purine and pyrimidine derivatives, namely, thymidine, 2′-deoxyuridine, 2′-deoxyxanthosine, xanthine and xanthosine. Furthermore, the aminopyrimidine 2′-deoxycytidine appeared to display reduced urinary excretion at 2 and 3 Gy. The elevated biomarkers displayed a time-dependent excretion, peaking in urine at 8–12 h but returning to baseline by 36 h after exposure. It is proposed that 2′-deoxyuridine and 2′-deoxyxanthosine arise as a result of γ irradiation by nitrosative deamination of 2′-deoxycytidine and 2′-deoxyguanosine, respectively, and that this further leads to increased synthesis of thymidine, xanthine and xanthosine. The urinary excretion of deaminated purines and pyrimidines, at the expense of aminopurines and aminopyrimidines, appears to form the core of the urinary radiation metabolomic signature of mice exposed to sublethal doses of ionizing radiation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Radiation Metabolomics. 2. Dose- and Time-Dependent Urinary Excretion of Deaminated Purines and Pyrimidines after Sublethal Gamma-Radiation Exposure in Mice

et al. 2009

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“…To avoid potentially confounding side effects from the cytotoxicity of PFTα, we chose cPFTα as an equivalent alternative, as a reference for vanadate in our mouse study. We used 8 and 12 Gy of total body IR (TBI), which induce, respectively, hematopoietic and gastrointestinal syndrome in ICR mice (33)(34)(35)(36). For the i.p.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium Orthovanadate Inhibits p53-Mediated Apoptosis

et al. 2010

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Sodium orthovanadate (vanadate) inhibits the DNA-binding activity of p53, but its precise effects on p53 function have not been examined. Here, we show that vanadate exerts a potent antiapoptotic activity through both transcription-dependent and transcription-independent mechanisms relative to other p53 inhibitors, including pifithrin (PFT) α. We compared the effects of vanadate to PFTα and PFTµ, an inhibitor of transcriptionindependent apoptosis by p53. Vanadate suppressed p53-associated apoptotic events at the mitochondria, including the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the conformational change of Bax and Bak, the mitochondrial translocation of p53, and the interaction of p53 with Bcl-2. Similarly, vanadate suppressed the apoptosis-inducing activity of a mitochondrially targeted temperature-sensitive p53 in stable transfectants of SaOS-2 cells. In radioprotection assays, which rely on p53, vanadate completely protected mice from a sublethal dose of 8 Gy and partially from a lethal dose of 12 Gy. Together, our findings indicated that vanadate effectively suppresses p53-mediated apoptosis by both transcription-dependent and transcriptionindependent pathways, and suggested that both pathways must be inhibited to completely block p53-mediated apoptosis. Cancer Res; 70(1); 257-65. ©2010 AACR.

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“…GSH offers protection against oxygen derived free radicals and cellular lethality following exposure to ionizing radiation [63]. Under normal conditions, the inherent defense system including glutathione and antioxidant enzymes protect against the oxidative damage [63,64]. A significant decline in GSH was noticed in irradiated control group as compared to normal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Radiation Injuries by Panax ginseng Extract

Verma¹,

Jahan²,

Kim³

et al. 2011

Journal of Ginseng Research

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Chemical radiation protection is an important strategy to protect living beings against the deleterious effects of radiation. In the present study, the radioprotective effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Panax ginseng extract (PGR-HAE) was studied on radiation-induced deleterious alterations in Swiss albino mice. Oral administration of such extract (25 mg/kg b wt/day/animal) for 5 consecutive days, half an h. before whole-body exposure to 6 Gy gamma radiation, enhanced the 30 days survival and also inhibited the radiogenic sickness, weight loss and life shortening. PGR-HAE ameliorated radiation induced depletion in blood constituents at different necropsy intervals between 12 h to 30 d, and significantly increased the number of femoral spleen colony forming units that survived after irradiation. Furthermore, it checked depletion of glutathione and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase) as well as elevation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) level in blood and liver. The significant reduction in the yield of LPO demonstrates that PGR-HAE protects the membranes against radiation-induced oxidative damage. These findings conclude that such plant extract provides significant radioprotection, and it may be potentially valuable in the prevention of injuries caused during planned and unplanned radiation exposure.

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Radiprotective effect of abana, a polyherbal drug following total body irradiation

Cited by 40 publications

References 30 publications

Radiation Metabolomics. 2. Dose- and Time-Dependent Urinary Excretion of Deaminated Purines and Pyrimidines after Sublethal Gamma-Radiation Exposure in Mice

Radiation Metabolomics. 2. Dose- and Time-Dependent Urinary Excretion of Deaminated Purines and Pyrimidines after Sublethal Gamma-Radiation Exposure in Mice

Sodium Orthovanadate Inhibits p53-Mediated Apoptosis

Management of Radiation Injuries by Panax ginseng Extract

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