Radiosynthesis and Biological Distribution of <sup>18</sup>F-Labeled Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances

Burkemper, Jennifer; Aweda, Tolulope; Rosenberg, Adam J.; Lunderberg, David M.; Peaslee, Graham F.; Lapi, Suzanne E.

doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.7b00042

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, short-chain PFAs exhibit different patterns of accumulation in the body and in blood (Pérez et al. 2013; Burkemper et al. 2017; Poothong et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Habits Related to Food Packaging and Population Exposure to PFASs

Susmann

Schaider

Rodgers

et al. 2019

Environ Health Perspect

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are common industrial and consumer product chemicals with widespread human exposures that have been linked to adverse health effects. PFASs are commonly detected in foods and food-contact materials (FCMs), including fast food packaging and microwave popcorn bags.Objectives:Our goal was to investigate associations between serum PFASs and consumption of restaurant food and popcorn in a representative sample of Americans.Methods:We analyzed 2003–2014 serum PFAS and dietary recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We used multivariable linear regressions to investigate relationships between consumption of fast food, restaurant food, food eaten at home, and microwave popcorn and serum levels of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS).Results:Calories of food eaten at home in the past 24 h had significant inverse associations with serum levels of all five PFASs; these associations were stronger in women. Consumption of meals from fast food/pizza restaurants and other restaurants was generally associated with higher serum PFAS concentrations, based on 24-h and 7-d recall, with limited statistical significance. Consumption of popcorn was associated with significantly higher serum levels of PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, and PFOS, based on 24-h and 12-month recall, up to a 63% (95% CI: 34, 99) increase in PFDA among those who ate popcorn daily over the last 12 months.Conclusions:Associations between serum PFAS and popcorn consumption may be a consequence of PFAS migration from microwave popcorn bags. Inverse associations between serum PFAS and food eaten at home—primarily from grocery stores—is consistent with less contact between home-prepared food and FCMs, some of which contain PFASs. The potential for FCMs to contribute to PFAS exposure, coupled with concerns about toxicity and persistence, support the use of alternatives to PFASs in FCMs. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4092

show abstract

“…In addition, short-chain PFAs exhibit different patterns of accumulation in the body and in blood (Pérez et al. 2013; Burkemper et al. 2017; Poothong et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Habits Related to Food Packaging and Population Exposure to PFASs

Susmann

Schaider

Rodgers

et al. 2019

Environ Health Perspect

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A high protein binding potential is of toxicokinetical relevance: the blood can easily distribute short-chain PFAAs within the body resulting in a potential to enrich particularly in blood rich tissues. Data from the exposure of mammals show that short-chain PFAAs can be widely distributed in the organism [ 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids: environmental concerns and a regulatory strategy under REACH

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundShort-chain PFASs (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are widely used as alternatives to long-chain PFASs. Long-chain PFASs become gradually regulated under REACH (EC No. 1907/2006) and other international regulations, due to having persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic properties and/or being toxic for reproduction. The increasingly used short-chain PFASs are assumed to have a lower bioaccumulation potential. Nonetheless, they have other properties of concern and are already widely distributed in the environment, also in remote regions. The REACH Regulation does not directly address these emerging properties of concern, complicating the implementation of regulatory measures. Therefore, this study illustrates these environmental concerns and provides a strategy for a regulation of short-chain PFASs within REACH.ResultsShort-chain PFASs have a high mobility in soil and water, and final degradation products are extremely persistent. This results in a fast distribution to water resources, and consequently, also to a contamination of drinking water resources. Once emitted, short-chain PFASs remain in the environment. A lack of appropriate water treatment technologies results in everlasting background concentrations in the environment, and thus, organisms are permanently and poorly reversibly exposed. Considering such permanent exposure, it is very difficult to estimate long-term adverse effects in organisms. Short-chain PFASs enrich in edible parts of plants and the accumulation in food chains is unknown. Regarding these concerns and uncertainties, especially with respect to the precautionary principle, short-chain PFASs are of equivalent concern to PBT substances. Therefore, they should be identified as substances of very high concern (SVHC) under REACH. The SVHC identification should be followed by a restriction under REACH, which is the most efficient way to minimize the environmental and human exposure of short-chain PFASs in the European Union.ConclusionDue to an increasing use of short-chain PFASs, an effective regulation is urgently needed. The concerns of short-chain PFASs do not match the “classical” concerns as defined under REACH, but are not of minor concern. Therefore, it is of advantage to clearly define the concerns of short-chain PFASs. This might facilitate the following restriction process under REACH.

show abstract

“…The unrecovered PFAS mass may have been present in other tissues, such as muscle, gut, and fat, which were not measured in this study. Considering the substantially low tissue-to-plasma partitioning coefficients of PFASs in rat muscle, gut, and brain tissues reported previously (Table S6), ,, we consider that PFAS accumulation in these tissues made a small contribution to the total body burden.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Dermal Absorption, Deposition, and Elimination of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Rats: The Importance of Skin Exposure

Chen

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Humans are frequently exposed to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) via direct skin contact with personal care and consumer products containing them. Here, we used a rat model to estimate the dermal penetration efficiency of 15 representative PFASs. After 144 h post-dosing, 4.1–18.0 and 5.3–15.1% of the applied PFASs in the low (L) and high (H) groups, respectively, were absorbed into the rats. PFAS absorption and permeation were parabolically associated with the perfluorinated carbon chain length (C F), peaking for perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA). The lipid-rich stratum corneum of the skin barrier substantially suppressed the penetration of less hydrophobic short-chain PFASs, whereas the water-rich viable epidermis and dermis served as obstacles to hydrophobic long-chain PFAS permeation. However, the renal clearance (CLrenal) of the target PFAS decreased with increasing C F, suggesting that urinary excretion is crucial to eliminate less hydrophobic short-chain PFASs. Notably, the peak times of PFASs in the systemic circulation of rats (8–72 h) were remarkably longer than those after oral administration (1–24 h). These results suggest that dermal penetration can be long-lasting and contribute considerably to the body burden of PFASs, especially for those with moderate hydrophobicity due to their favorable skin permeation and unfavorable urinary excretion.

show abstract

Radiosynthesis and Biological Distribution of ¹⁸F-Labeled Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Dietary Habits Related to Food Packaging and Population Exposure to PFASs

Dietary Habits Related to Food Packaging and Population Exposure to PFASs

Short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids: environmental concerns and a regulatory strategy under REACH

Insights into the Dermal Absorption, Deposition, and Elimination of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Rats: The Importance of Skin Exposure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Radiosynthesis and Biological Distribution of 18F-Labeled Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Dietary Habits Related to Food Packaging and Population Exposure to PFASs

Dietary Habits Related to Food Packaging and Population Exposure to PFASs

Short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids: environmental concerns and a regulatory strategy under REACH

Insights into the Dermal Absorption, Deposition, and Elimination of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Rats: The Importance of Skin Exposure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Radiosynthesis and Biological Distribution of ¹⁸F-Labeled Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances