Radiosensitive Molecular Weight of Single-Stranded Virus Nucleic Acids

Ginoza, William

doi:10.1038/199453a0

Cited by 46 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to irradiation dose, conditions such as treatment prior to irradiation and irradiation temperature may affect the mechanical properties of allograft tissue (Grieb et al 2005;Hamer et al 1999;Kempner and Haigler 1982;Ginoza 1963). Since these conditions vary in the literature and are often times not adequately reported, comparisons between reports are often difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Irradiation occurred on dry ice as there are benefits to irradiating at low temperatures (Grieb et al 2005;Hamer et al 1999;Kempner and Haigler 1982;Ginoza 1963). Hamer et al (1999) found that bone irradiated at -78°C was less brittle and demonstrated less collagen damage than when irradiated at room temperature, while Grieb et al (2005) acknowledged that gamma irradiation at very low temperatures reduces the generation and diffusion of free radicals.…”

Section: Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of low dose and moderate dose gamma irradiation on the mechanical properties of bone and soft tissue allografts

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The increased use of allograft tissue for musculoskeletal repair has brought more focus to the safety of allogenic tissue and the efficacy of various sterilization techniques. Gamma irradiation is an effective method for providing terminal sterilization to biological tissue, but it is also reported to have deleterious effects on tissue mechanics in a dose-dependent manner. At irradiation ranges up to 25 kGy, a clear relationship between mechanical strength and dose has yet to be established. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties of bone and soft tissue allografts, irradiated on dry ice at a low absorbed dose (18.3-21.8 kGy) and a moderate absorbed dose (24.0-28.5 kGy), using conventional compressive and tensile testing, respectively. Bone grafts consisted of Cloward dowels and iliac crest wedges, while soft tissue grafts consisted of patellar tendons, anterior tibialis tendons, semitendinosus tendons, and fascia lata. There were no statistical differences in mechanical strength or modulus of elasticity for any graft irradiated at a low absorbed dose, compared to control groups. Also, bone allografts and two soft tissue allografts (anterior tibialis and semitendinosus tendon) that were irradiated at a moderate dose demonstrated similar strength and modulus of elasticity values to control groups. The results of this study support the use of low dose and moderate dose gamma irradiation of bone grafts. For soft tissue grafts, the results support the use of low dose irradiation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of low dose and moderate dose gamma irradiation on the mechanical properties of bone and soft tissue allografts

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Viruses and other pathogens are inactivated via disruption of their genetic material by direct and indirect damage. The generation of free radicals can be reduced by freezing at ultra-low temperatures [31,32], by removing water [33], or by adding free-radical scavengers and antioxidants [32,34]. Until now, combinations of these variables had not been used specifically for sterilization of tissue allografts with gamma irradiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective use of optimized, high-dose (50kGy) gamma irradiation for pathogen inactivation of human bone allografts

Grieb¹,

Forng²,

Stafford³

et al. 2005

Biomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The low 01 we obtain with MS2 is in agreement with the radiosensitivity of the closely related RNA phages f2 and R17, both of which is lower than expected for the size of the genome. The target molecular weight of R17 is reported to be 0.8 x lo6 [14]. Petranovi6 et al determined the radiosensitivity of phage f2 El61 and calculated the radiosensitive molecular weight as 0.67 x lo6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Killing of ³²P‐Labelled Single‐Stranded‐RNA Bacteriophage MS2

Lupker

Glickman²,

Rörsch³

et al. 1973

European Journal of Biochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The killing of highly 32P-labelled bacteriophage MS2 by transmutation was studied. The efficiency of killing found was 0. 60 & 0.08. This value is significantly lower than the value expected for a single-stranded bacteriophage. These results can be interpreted by assuming either that the MS2 RNA is replicated with the breaks caused by radiophosphorus decay, or that the breaks are repaired before replication. Preparation of 32P-Labelled Phage MS2 was prepared in the following way. The host strain was grown to a Concentration of 108 cells/ml in Tris-Cas medium, after which the culture was centrifuged for 10 min a t 4000 rev./min. The bacteria were resuspended in Tris-Cas medium to which carrier-free 3,P (The Radiochemical Centre, Amersham, England; specific activity 40-90 Ci/mg) was added to the specilk activities given in the text.After various prelabelling times (indicated in the text) the bacteria were infected by adding MS2 to a concentration of 108 p. f.u./ml. The infected bacteria were incubated 2.5 to 3 h at 37 "C after which CHC1, was added. The lysates were centrifuged for 20 min a t 4000rev.lmin. MS2 titers of lysates so obtained were not lower than 2 x 1O1O p.f.u./ml and generally in the range of 1 to 2 x loll p.f.u./ml.The clarified lysates were diluted 1 in 100 in freezing medium. Aliquots were frozen in a solid C0,-ethanol bath and stored in a Revco low-temperature Freezer a t -80 "C. The controls were treated the same way, except that the 32P was added after the bacteria were lysed. Storage of unlabelled MS2 in the way mentioned above did not result in a loss of viability of the phage during the course of the experiments (4 to 6 weeks).Phage lambda was grown as described by Clickman et al. [5]. Titrations MS2 was titrated using strain KA 52 as indicator. The bacteria were grown to a concentration of 3 x 108 cells/ml in Luria Broth containing CaCl, to a concentration of 0.01 M. The usual soft-agar overlay technique was used. Lambda was titrated as described elsewhere [5].

show abstract

Radiosensitive Molecular Weight of Single-Stranded Virus Nucleic Acids

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of low dose and moderate dose gamma irradiation on the mechanical properties of bone and soft tissue allografts

Effect of low dose and moderate dose gamma irradiation on the mechanical properties of bone and soft tissue allografts

Effective use of optimized, high-dose (50kGy) gamma irradiation for pathogen inactivation of human bone allografts

Killing of ³²P‐Labelled Single‐Stranded‐RNA Bacteriophage MS2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Radiosensitive Molecular Weight of Single-Stranded Virus Nucleic Acids

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of low dose and moderate dose gamma irradiation on the mechanical properties of bone and soft tissue allografts

Effect of low dose and moderate dose gamma irradiation on the mechanical properties of bone and soft tissue allografts

Effective use of optimized, high-dose (50kGy) gamma irradiation for pathogen inactivation of human bone allografts

Killing of 32P‐Labelled Single‐Stranded‐RNA Bacteriophage MS2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Killing of ³²P‐Labelled Single‐Stranded‐RNA Bacteriophage MS2