Radioreceptor assays in toxicology R. F. METCALFE

Metcalfe, Roger F.

doi:10.1007/978-1-349-06715-2_3

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The phenomenon of volume contraction or negative creep under load is well known for Ni-base alloys even though it is often attributed to measurement errors. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Metcalfe et al [1] stated the formation of an ordered Ni 2 Cr superlattice to be the cause for a volume contraction of Nimonic 80A below 550°C. An overview of findings of contraction at temperatures up to 550°C was given by Reppich, [2] while the reasons for contractions at higher temperature were not investigated at that time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasons for Volume Contraction after Long‐Term Annealing of Waspaloy

et al. 2015

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Some materials for turbine applications show volume contraction during service lifetime. Relative shrinkage (Dl/l 0 ) of up to about À4 Á 10 À4 may occur. In this study Waspaloy samples were exposed up to 10 000 h at 550°C, 650°C and 750°C. High resolution length measurements unveil remarkable contraction during exposure at 550°C and 650°C and less contraction at 750°C. The main contribution to sample contraction is compositional variation due to temperature dependent phase fraction changes. Lattice parameters of matrix and g 0 phase decrease within the first 300 h of temperature exposure. In addition carbide transformation from TiC to Cr 23 C 6 contributes to the observed contraction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasons for Volume Contraction after Long‐Term Annealing of Waspaloy

et al. 2015

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“…The surface density of faint galaxies is significantly in excess of predictions based on extrapolating to large redshift the known local properties of field galaxies, under the assumption of no evolution (Kron 1978, Peterson et al 1979, Tyson & Jarvis 1979. The deepest optical counts are inconsistent with both modest or no evolution irrespective of the cosmological geometry (Tyson 1988, Yoshii & Takahara 1990, Metcalfe et al 1990, Lilly et al 1991 and reveal a gradual bluing with increasing apparent magnitude and no convincing turn-over to B ∼ 28 (Metcalfe et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational lensing of distant field galaxies by rich clusters - I. Faint galaxy redshift distributions

Smail

Ellis

Fitchett

1994

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

136

147

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From deep optical images of three clusters selected by virtue of their X-ray luminosity and/or optical richness (1455+22; z = 0.26, 0016+16; z = 0.55 and 1603+43; z = 0.89), we construct statistically-complete samples of faint field galaxies (I ≤ 25) suitable for probing the effects of gravitational lensing. By selecting clusters across a wide redshift range we separate the effects of the mean redshift distribution of the faint field population well beyond spectroscopic limits and the distribution of dark matter in the lensing clusters. A significant lensing signature is seen in the two lower redshift clusters whose X-ray properties are well-constrained. Based on these and dynamical data, it is straightforward to rule out field redshift distributions for I ≤ 25 which have a significant low redshift excess compared to the no evolution prediction, such as would be expected if the number counts at faint limits were dominated by low-z dwarf systems. The degree to which we can constrain any high redshift tail to the no evolution redshift distribution depends on the distribution of dark matter in the most distant lensing cluster. In the second paper in this series, we use the lensing signal to reconstruct the full two-dimensional mass distribution in the clusters and, together with high resolution X-ray images, demonstrate that their structural properties are well-understood. The principal result is therefore the absence of a dominant low-z dwarf population to I ≤ 25.

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“…Most of the PK studies published report on S-hyo or atropine in humans after administration by the ocular, [4] oral, [3,27] sublingual, [28] rectal, [29] inhalational, [14,16] i.m., . [12,17,20,[29][30][31][32][33][34] or i.v. [8,11,12,15,18,21,35] route.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of an enantioselective LC‐ESI MS/MS procedure to determine R‐ and S‐hyoscyamine following intravenous atropine administration in swine

John¹,

Mikler

Worek³

et al. 2011

Drug Testing and Analysis

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S-hyoscyamine (S-hyo) is a natural plant tropane alkaloid acting as a muscarinic receptor (MR) antagonist. Its racemic mixture (atropine) is clinically used in pre-anaesthesia, ophthalmology and for the antidotal treatment of organophosphorus (OP) poisoning with nerve agents or pesticides even though R-hyo exhibits no effects on MR. Further investigative research is required to optimize treatment of OP poisoning. Swine are often the animal model utilized due to similarities in physiology and antidote response to humans. However, no studies have been reported that elucidated differences in the kinetics of R- and S-hyo. Therefore, the concentration-time profiles of total hyo as well as both enantiomers were analyzed in plasma after intravenous administration of atropine sulfate (Atr(2) SO(4) , 100 µg/kg) to anaesthetized swine. For quantification plasma samples were incubated separately with human serum (procedure A) and rabbit serum (procedure B). The rabbit serum used contained atropinesterase, which is suitable for stereoselective hydrolysis of S-hyo, while human serum does not hydrolyze either enantiomer. After incubation samples were precipitated and the supernatant was analyzed by RP-HPLC-ESI MS/MS. Procedure A allowed determination of total hyo and procedure B remaining R-hyo concentrations. S-hyo was calculated as the difference of the two procedures. Concentration data were regressed by a two-phase decay according to a two-compartment open model revealing similar kinetics for both enantiomers thus indicating distribution, metabolism and elimination without obvious stereoselective preference in tested swine.

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Radioreceptor assays in toxicology R. F. METCALFE

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Reasons for Volume Contraction after Long‐Term Annealing of Waspaloy

Reasons for Volume Contraction after Long‐Term Annealing of Waspaloy

Gravitational lensing of distant field galaxies by rich clusters - I. Faint galaxy redshift distributions

Application of an enantioselective LC‐ESI MS/MS procedure to determine R‐ and S‐hyoscyamine following intravenous atropine administration in swine

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