Radionuclide activities, geochemistry, and accumulation rates of sediments in the Gulf of Thailand

Srisuksawad, Kanitha; Porntepkasemsan, Boonsom; Nouchpramool, S.; Yamkate, Pathom; Carpenter, Roy; Peterson, Michael; Hamilton, T.

doi:10.1016/s0278-4343(96)00065-9

Cited by 55 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The induced seasonal circulation in the GOT is generally weak and variable (Wattayakorn et al, 1998;Wattayakorn, 2012), where an apparent counter-clockwise circulation occurs in the upper Gulf during the northeast monsoon, whereas both clockwise and counter-clockwise circulations occur during the southwest monsoon, depending on the wind conditions and external flow through the open boundary (Sojisuporn and Putikiatikajorn, 1998;Wattayakorn et al, 1998). The Gulf is poorly flushed on the whole, with little mixing, especially in the upper part (Wattayakorn et al, 1998), resulting in the majority of sediments and associated contaminants from the fluvial inputs primarily depositing in the upper Gulf (Srisuksawad et al, 1997). Sediment accumulation in the open GOT is mainly constrained by a combination of wind-driven currents, tides and its bottom topography (Takahashi et al, 1984).…”

Section: Study Area and Sediment Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, the study area was divided into 93 homogenous sectors, with the sampling sites located in the centre of their respective sectors by coupling with the recent regional-scale varied sediment mass accumulation rates for each sample site (Fig. 7a, Srisuksawad et al, 1997). The BC burial flux (mg/cm 2 /y) among each homogenous sector was estimated by the following equation:…”

Section: Estimation Of the Burial Flux And Mass Inventory Of The Bc Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where Ci is the BC concentration in the sediment sample of each sector, and Mi is the reported mass sediment accumulation rate among each divided sector (Srisuksawad et al, 1997).…”

Section: Estimation Of the Burial Flux And Mass Inventory Of The Bc Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The upper Gulf was mainly influenced by four rivers (the Chao Phraya, the Mae Klong, the Ta Chin and the Bang Pakong rivers) (Fig. 1), of which the total suspended sediments into the upper Gulf were estimated to be 6.32 million tons per year, but they were not efficiently transported southward into the central basin (Emery and Niino, 1963;Windom et al, 1982;Srisuksawad et al, 1997), resulting in relatively higher sediment accumulation rates in the upper Gulf (Windom et al, 1982;Srisuksawad et al, 1997). Water circulation and the depositional mechanism in the open GOT is complex and dominated by the combination of wind-driven currents, tides, density gradients and bottom topography (Takahashi et al, 1984).…”

Section: Sediment Grain-sizes and Background Depositional Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the nutrient-rich, shallow waters and their confined nature, the ecosystem of the GOT is especially vulnerable to human activities (Srisuksawad et al, 1997), and increased anthropogenic activities around the GOT have induced severe environmental pollution, especially for the upper Gulf with significant river export of land-based contaminants (e.g., the Chao Phraya River) (Wattayakorn et al, 1998). Petroleum hydrocarbon contamination is evident in the nearshore waters of the GOT (Wattayakorn et al, 1998;Wattayakorn, 2012), and sedimentary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exhibit a dominant river influence with mixed pyrogenic and petrogenic origins in the upper Gulf but with a dominant pyrogenic signature in the lower Gulf through atmospheric deposition (Boonyatumanond et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, input pathway and mass inventory of black carbon in sediments of the Gulf of Thailand, SE Asia

Shi

Bai

et al. 2016

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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a b s t r a c tThe coastal margins around Southeast Asia (SE Asia) may serve as an ideal location to study the sourcesink process of sedimentary black carbon (BC) because SE Asia has been identified as one of the major BC emission source regions in the world. This study provides an extensive picture of recent regional-scale sedimentary BC sequestration in the Gulf of Thailand (GOT), a tropical marine system in SE Asia. Generally, the sedimentary BC concentrations (0.07e3.99 mg/g) were in the low to moderate ranges of those obtained in other coastal sediments around the world. Regional variability of the BC and its correlation with the sediment grain size and total organic carbon (TOC) content indicated a general hydrodynamic constraint on BC occurrence in the lower Gulf in contrast to the upper Gulf with a more source dependence due to the direct land-based input. BC/TOC% values and the varied BC components (char and soot), as well as their correlations suggested that char was the predominant constituents of sedimentary BC both in the upper and lower Gulf, which could be mainly derived from biomass burning and entered into the nearshore region through direct fluvial transport and surface run-off. The estimated BC burial flux (~212 mg/cm 2 /y) and mass inventory (~200 Gg/y) in the GOT on the hundred-year timescale were of the same order of magnitude compared with other oceanic margins, and thus the tropical shelf sediments from SE Asia could serve as an important sink of land-emitted BC.

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Section: Study Area and Sediment Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Estimation Of the Burial Flux And Mass Inventory Of The Bc Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where Ci is the BC concentration in the sediment sample of each sector, and Mi is the reported mass sediment accumulation rate among each divided sector (Srisuksawad et al, 1997).…”

Section: Estimation Of the Burial Flux And Mass Inventory Of The Bc Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sediment Grain-sizes and Background Depositional Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, input pathway and mass inventory of black carbon in sediments of the Gulf of Thailand, SE Asia

Shi

Bai

et al. 2016

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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Modern sediments and sediment accumulation rates on the narrow shelf off central Vietnam, South China Sea

Szczuciński

Stattegger²,

Scholten

2008

Geo-Mar Lett

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Oceanic sediment accumulation rates predicted via machine learning algorithm: towards sediment characterization on a global scale

2020

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Observed vertical sediment accumulation rates (n = 1031) were gathered from ~ 55 years of peer reviewed literature. Original methods of rate calculation include long-term isotope geochronology (14C, 210Pb, and 137Cs), pollen analysis, horizon markers, and box coring. These observations are used to create a database of global, contemporary vertical sediment accumulation rates. Rates were converted to cm year−1, paired with the observation’s longitude and latitude, and placed into a machine learning–based Global Predictive Seabed Model (GPSM). GPSM finds correlations between the data and established global “predictors” (quantities known or estimable everywhere, e.g., distance from coastline and river mouths). The result, using a k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) algorithm, is a 5-arc-minute global map of predicted benthic vertical sediment accumulation rates. The map generated provides a global reference for vertical sedimentation from coastal to abyssal depths. Areas of highest sedimentation, ~ 3–8 cm year−1, are generally river mouth proximal coastal zones draining relatively large areas with high maximum elevations and with wide, shallow continental shelves (e.g., the Gulf of Mexico and the Amazon Delta), with rates falling exponentially towards the deepest parts of the oceans. The exception is Oceania, which displays significant vertical sedimentation over a large area without draining the large drainage basins seen in other regions. Coastal zones with relatively small drainage basins and steep shelves display vertical sedimentation of ~ 1 cm year−1, which is limited to the near shore when compared with shallow, wide margins (e.g., the western coasts of North and South America). Abyssal depth rates are functionally zero at the time scale examined (~ 10−4 cm year−1) and increase one order of magnitude near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and at the Galapagos Triple Junction.

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Radionuclide activities, geochemistry, and accumulation rates of sediments in the Gulf of Thailand

Cited by 55 publications

References 59 publications

Distribution, input pathway and mass inventory of black carbon in sediments of the Gulf of Thailand, SE Asia

Distribution, input pathway and mass inventory of black carbon in sediments of the Gulf of Thailand, SE Asia

Modern sediments and sediment accumulation rates on the narrow shelf off central Vietnam, South China Sea

Oceanic sediment accumulation rates predicted via machine learning algorithm: towards sediment characterization on a global scale

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