Radiometric Stability of the SABER Instrument

Mlynczak, Martin G.; Daniels, Taumi S.; Hunt, L. A.; Yue, Jia; Marshall, B. T.; Russell, James M.; Remsberg, Ellis E.; Tansock, Joseph J.; Esplin, Roy W.; Jensen, Mark; Shumway, Andrew; Gordley, L. L.; Yee, Jeng‐Hwa

doi:10.1029/2019ea001011

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The uncertainties in SABER temperature data are extensively discussed in Mertens et al (2001), Remsberg et al (2008), and Garcia-Comas et al (2008), hereafter collectively referred to as "MRG." Mlynczak et al (2020) showed that the stability of the SABER calibration was between −0.1 K/decade and −0.2 K/decade in global average stratospheric temperature between 55°N and 55°S, the same latitude range as in this current paper. That is, if SABER was observing a constant temperature over time, the drift in instrument calibration would induce a false negative trend as large as 0.1-0.2 K/decade.…”

Section: Discussion Of Uncertainties In Saber Temperature Datasupporting

confidence: 73%

Cooling and Contraction of the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere From 2002 to 2021

Mlynczak

Hunt²,

García

et al. 2022

JGR Atmospheres

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Introduction"Since carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) plays a significant role in the heat budget of the atmosphere, it is reasonable to suppose that continued increases would affect climate." With these words, the late Verner Suomi eloquently stated the hypothesis of climate change science in 1979, in his foreword to the seminal "Charney Report" (National Research Council, 1979) on the role of CO 2 and climate. The remarkable prescience of the Charney Report was noted upon its 40th anniversary (Nicholls, 2019). Specifically, the scientists who developed the report under the direction of the late Jule Charney predicted that, for a doubling of CO 2 in Earth's atmosphere, the Earth's surface air temperature would warm by approximately 3 C, with a probable error of 1.5 C. Prior to the Charney report, Sawyer (1972) made the case for a warming troposphere due to increasing CO 2 and presciently predicted 0.6 K warming by the year 2000. Remarkably, the most recent assessment of Earth's equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) (i.e., the average global surface air temperature change after a doubling CO 2 ) (Sherwood et al., 2020) sets its bounds between 2.3 and 4.5 C, nearly identical to the Charney report range. Verner Suomi's hypothesis statement, "carbon dioxide plays a significant role in the heat budget of the atmosphere" is true throughout the entire perceptible atmosphere from Earth's surface to the edge of space. It has long

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Section: Discussion Of Uncertainties In Saber Temperature Datasupporting

confidence: 73%

Cooling and Contraction of the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere From 2002 to 2021

Mlynczak

Hunt²,

García

et al. 2022

JGR Atmospheres

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“…To prevent the SABER detector from pointing directly at the Sun, TIMED performs a "yaw maneuver" that switches coverage from 83°S-53°N to 83°N-53°S every 60 days. SABER temperature data was validated by Dawkins et al (2018), García-Comas et al (2008), and Remsberg et al (2008, and the stability of SABER calibration was examined by Mlynczak et al (2020). The SABER temperature product covers the altitude range from the tropopause (∼17 km) to 110 km.…”

Section: Data and Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2008), and the stability of SABER calibration was examined by Mlynczak et al. (2020). The SABER temperature product covers the altitude range from the tropopause (∼17 km) to 110 km.…”

Section: Data and Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesospheric Temperature and Circulation Response to the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga‐Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption

Yu,

Garcia,

Yue

et al. 2023

JGR Atmospheres

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The Hunga Tonga Hunga‐Ha'apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption on 15 January 2022 injected water vapor and SO2 into the stratosphere. Several months after the eruption, significantly stronger westerlies, and a weaker Brewer‐Dobson circulation developed in the stratosphere of the Southern Hemisphere and were accompanied by unprecedented temperature anomalies in the stratosphere and mesosphere. In August 2022, the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) satellite instrument observed record‐breaking temperature anomalies in the stratosphere and mesosphere that alternate signs with altitude. Ensemble simulations carried out with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM6) indicate that the strengthening of the stratospheric westerlies explains the mesospheric temperature changes. The stronger westerlies cause stronger westward gravity wave drag in the mesosphere. Although the enhanced gravity wave drag is partly balanced by a weakening of planetary wave forcing, the net result is an acceleration of the mesospheric mean meridional circulation. The stronger mesospheric circulation, in turn, plays a dominant role in driving the changes in mesospheric temperatures. This study highlights the impact of large volcanic eruptions on middle atmospheric dynamics and provides insight into their long‐term effects in the mesosphere. On the other hand, we could not discern a clear mechanism for the observed changes in stratospheric circulation. In fact, an examination of the WACCM ensemble reveals that not every member reproduces the large changes observed by SABER. We conclude that there is a stochastic component to the stratospheric response to the HTHH eruption.

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“…The focus of this paper is to propose a method of deriving shears from GWs, while the GWs are derived from temperature profiles. The temperature profiles, which are measured by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument (Russell et al, 1999) onboard the TIMED satellite, have covered a period of 18 years (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019) and are remarkably stable until now (Mlynczak et al, 2020). These profiles cover an altitude range of ~15-110 km and latitude range of 53°S-83°N or 83°S-53°N.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravity Waves induced Wind Shears Derived from SABER Temperature Observations

Liu¹,

Xu²,

Jia³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Large wind shears around the mesopause region play important roles in atmospheric neutral dynamics and ionospheric electrodynamics. Based on previous observations using sounding rockets, lidars, radars and model simulations, large shears are mainly attributed to gravity waves (GWs) and modulated by tides (Liu, 2017). Based on the dispersion and polarization relations of linear GWs and the SABER temperature data from 2002 to 2019, a method of deriving GW-induced wind shears is proposed. The zonal mean GW-induced shears have peaks (13–17 ms−1 km−1) at around the mesopause region, i.e., at z = 90–100 km at most latitudes and at z = 80–90 km around the cold summer mesopause. This latitude-height pattern is robust over the 18 years and coincides with model simulations. The magnitudes of the GW-induced shears exhibit year-to-year variations and coincide with the lidar and sounding rocket observations on climatology sense but are 60–70 % of the model results in the zonal mean sense. The GW-induced shears are hemispheric asymmetric and have strong annual oscillation (AO) at around 80 km (above 92 km) at the northern (southern) middle and high latitudes. At middle to high latitudes, the peaks of AO shift from winter to summer and then to winter again with increasing height. However, these GW-induced shears may be overestimated because the GW propagation direction cannot be resolved by the method and may be underestimated due to the observational filter, sampling distance and cutoff criterion of the vertical wavelength of GWs.

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Radiometric Stability of the SABER Instrument

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Cooling and Contraction of the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere From 2002 to 2021

Cooling and Contraction of the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere From 2002 to 2021

Mesospheric Temperature and Circulation Response to the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga‐Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption

Gravity Waves induced Wind Shears Derived from SABER Temperature Observations

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