Radiolysis of aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol

Пикaeв, A.К.; Kartasheva, L.I.

doi:10.1016/0020-7055(75)90079-0

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Additionally, the complete removal of O 2 from the samples to promote concentrations of required radicals would also increase acetol production. It is postulated that G -values of >~20 μmol J −1 for the chain reaction could be achieved, as observed in similar polyols 48 . Processes of freeze-drying and N 2 O saturation would be necessary and may increase production costs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Nuclear-driven production of renewable fuel additives from waste organics

et al. 2021

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Non-intermittent, low-carbon energy from nuclear or biofuels is integral to many strategies to achieve Carbon Budget Reduction targets. However, nuclear plants have high, upfront costs and biodiesel manufacture produces waste glycerol with few secondary uses. Combining these technologies, to precipitate valuable feedstocks from waste glycerol using ionizing radiation, could diversify nuclear energy use whilst valorizing biodiesel waste. Here, we demonstrate solketal (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-yl) and acetol (1-hydroxypropan-2-one) production is enhanced in selected aqueous glycerol-acetone mixtures with γ radiation with yields of 1.5 ± 0.2 µmol J−1 and 1.8 ± 0.2 µmol J−1, respectively. This is consistent with the generation of either the stabilized, protonated glycerol cation (CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH2+ ) from the direct action of glycerol, or the hydronium species, H3O+, via water radiolysis, and their role in the subsequent acid-catalyzed mechanisms for acetol and solketal production. Scaled to a hypothetically compatible range of nuclear facilities in Europe (i.e., contemporary Pressurised Water Reactor designs or spent nuclear fuel stores), we estimate annual solketal production at approximately (1.0 ± 0.1) × 104 t year−1. Given a forecast increase of 5% to 20% v/v% in the renewable proportion of commercial petroleum blends by 2030, nuclear-driven, biomass-derived solketal could contribute towards net-zero emissions targets, combining low-carbon co-generation and co-production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Nuclear-driven production of renewable fuel additives from waste organics

et al. 2021

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“…However, the strongly acidic conditions and dissolved oxygen limit the radiolytically produced reducing species that can react with the ligand solutes according to Eqs. (2), (12) and (13). Further, acidity itself is also a solvated electron scavenger as shown in Eq.…”

Section: Radiation Chemistry In Mixed Aqueous/organic Phasesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Radiation chemical effects on radiochemistry: A review of examples important to nuclear power

Mincher¹,

Mezyk

2009

Radiochimica Acta

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Radiolysis / Linear energy transfer / Redox reactions / Ligand degradation / Free radicals / Solvent extractionSummary. Radiochemistry deals with the chemistry of the radioactive elements. In the nuclear industry successful fuel reprocessing, high-level waste treatment, and long-term storage of spent fuel depend on an understanding of the radiochemistry of actinides and fission products in these settings. Radiation chemistry is concerned with the chemical effects of ionizing radiation, with the most common types of radiation encountered by the radiochemist being low linear energy transfer (LET) β − and γ radiation, and higher LET α radiation. These radiations can have profound and important effects on radiochemistry, including changes in metal oxidation states and degradation of the organic ligands designed to complex radioelements. This may occur by direct action of the incident radiation on compounds present with high abundance or by reaction with radiolytically produced reactive species for trace components, such as the complexing agents. This review examines the role of reactive species created in irradiated aqueous and organic solution and their effects on radiochemistry. The sources and nature of these reactive species are discussed. Examples of radiation chemical effects are provided related to solvent extraction of the actinides from acidic solution, metal complexation and technetium redox chemistry in alkaline tank waste, and the corrosion of spent fuel stored in repository brine.

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“…The radiolysis of triethanolamine in aqueous acid or base produced acetaldehyde and diethanolamine (Schwarz 1982). This type of rearrangement has been also observed with ethylene glycol (Pikaev and Kartasheva 1975). Thus, A.6 tertiary amines, a standard group in cationic surfactants, should provide aldehydes as each alkyl group is radiolytically removed from the amine.…”

Section: Appendix Preliminary Assessment Of Radiolytic and Chemical Dmentioning

confidence: 73%

Assessment of concentration mechanisms for organic wastes in underground storage tanks at Hanford

Gerber¹,

Burger²,

Nelson³

et al. 1992

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The conclusions reached regarding the significance of the various mechanisms, however, are very subjective in nature and only provide a guide for further investigation to better quantify the significance of these concentration mechanisms and the degree of concentration to be expected from them. Research is needed on the interaction between a high ionic strength aqueous phase and a separate organic phase to better understand the behavior of surfactants, carboxylic acids, and complexants in the aqueous phase. This research should determine the solubility of the organics in both phases to better establish conditions necessary to form and maintain a separate organic phase, and for causing the precipitation of organic solids such as sodium oxalate and other carboxylic acids.. The ability of surfactants and complexing agents to solubilize the inorganic ions into the organic phase and their subsequent effect on the physical chemical properties also needs to be investigated. Research involving the adsorption of organics with surfactant behavior needs to be performed to. quantify the effects of pH and high ionic strength on adsorption. Because of the extremely high concentrations of electrolytes, extension of this behavior to materials not associated with surfactant activity, such as shorter chain organic a.cids, is also warranted. Further investigation to confirm the potential for the retention of a bulk organic phase in the solids during draining is also recommended.

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Radiolysis of aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Nuclear-driven production of renewable fuel additives from waste organics

Nuclear-driven production of renewable fuel additives from waste organics

Radiation chemical effects on radiochemistry: A review of examples important to nuclear power

Assessment of concentration mechanisms for organic wastes in underground storage tanks at Hanford

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