Radiological–pathological correlation of yolk sac tumor in 20 patients

Abstract

YST usually appears as a large solid-cystic mass with intratumoral hemorrhage, capsular tear, marked heterogeneous enhancement, and enlarged intratumoral vessels on CT images. Intratumoral calcification and fatty tissue, although rare, may indicate a mixed YST containing teratoma component.

Primary Extragonadal Yolk Sac Tumor Arising from the Urachus: A Case Report with Literature Review

“…[15,16] Further, enhancement of intratumoral vessels was detected in 90% of cases. [15,16] These vessels typically contain a dilated lumen that on postcontrast imaging display a "bright dot" sign, considered a classical imaging feature of this entity. [15] The enhancement is thought to result from increased vascularity, with the formation of small vascular aneurysms within the tumor.…”

“…[13,14] The radiological features of YST are not specific; however, familiarity with its imaging characteristics can enable preoperative diagnosis, improve surgical planning and assess effects of treatment. [15][16][17][18][19] The CT findings in two cohorts with a combined total of 31 YSTs (age range: 1-31 years) documented that lesions ranged from 5-24 cm and most were well-circumscribed with defined borders. [15,16] Intralesional calcification was rare; however, intratumoral hemorrhage, ascites and marked enhancement were common findings.…”

“…[15][16][17][18][19] The CT findings in two cohorts with a combined total of 31 YSTs (age range: 1-31 years) documented that lesions ranged from 5-24 cm and most were well-circumscribed with defined borders. [15,16] Intralesional calcification was rare; however, intratumoral hemorrhage, ascites and marked enhancement were common findings. [15,16] Further, enhancement of intratumoral vessels was detected in 90% of cases.…”

“…[15,16] Intralesional calcification was rare; however, intratumoral hemorrhage, ascites and marked enhancement were common findings. [15,16] Further, enhancement of intratumoral vessels was detected in 90% of cases. [15,16] These vessels typically contain a dilated lumen that on postcontrast imaging display a "bright dot" sign, considered a classical imaging feature of this entity.…”

“…[15,16] These vessels typically contain a dilated lumen that on postcontrast imaging display a "bright dot" sign, considered a classical imaging feature of this entity. [15] The enhancement is thought to result from increased vascularity, with the formation of small vascular aneurysms within the tumor. [15] As provided above, the CT findings in the present case were consistent with previously published results.…”