Radiological manifestations ofStrongyloides stercoralis

Dallemand, Serge; Waxman, Marian; Farman, Jack

doi:10.1007/bf01948087

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Duodenal dilatation or stricture has also been described in barium meal examination s in heavy infections [79]. All these abnormalities are reversible with appropriate therapy [77], [79].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A wide variety of signs has been described, ranging from normal appearance of GI tract or mild edema with thickened folds of small bowel mucosa to significant dilatation and a bizarre coarse appearance of the small bowel mucosa with paresis or stricture in hyperinfected patients [77], [78]. Duodenal dilatation or stricture has also been described in barium meal examination s in heavy infections [79].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Laboratory Diagnosis and Follow Up of Strongyloidiasis: A Systematic Review

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundStrongyloidiasis is frequently under diagnosed since many infections remain asymptomatic and conventional diagnostic tests based on parasitological examination are not sufficiently sensitive. Serology is useful but is still only available in reference laboratories. The need for improved diagnostic tests in terms of sensitivity and specificity is clear, particularly in immunocompromised patients or candidates to immunosuppressive treatments. This review aims to evaluate both conventional and novel techniques for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis as well as available cure markers for this parasitic infection.Methodology/Principal FindingsThe search strategy was based on the data-base sources MEDLINE, Cochrane Library Register for systematic review, EmBase, Global Health and LILACS and was limited in the search string to articles published from 1960 to August 2012 and to English, Spanish, French, Portuguese and German languages. Case reports, case series and animal studies were excluded. 2003 potentially relevant citations were selected for retrieval, of which 1649 were selected for review of the abstract. 143 were eligible for final inclusion.ConclusionsSensitivity of microscopic-based techniques is not good enough, particularly in chronic infections. Furthermore, techniques such as Baermann or agar plate culture are cumbersome and time-consuming and several specimens should be collected on different days to improve the detection rate. Serology is a useful tool but it might overestimate the prevalence of disease due to cross-reactivity with other nematode infections and its difficulty distinguishing recent from past (and cured) infections. To evaluate treatment efficacy is still a major concern because direct parasitological methods might overestimate it and the serology has not yet been well evaluated; even if there is a decline in antibody titres after treatment, it is slow and it needs to be done at 6 to 12 months after treatment which can cause a substantial loss to follow-up in a clinical trial.

show abstract

“…Duodenal dilatation or stricture has also been described in barium meal examination s in heavy infections [79]. All these abnormalities are reversible with appropriate therapy [77], [79].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Laboratory Diagnosis and Follow Up of Strongyloidiasis: A Systematic Review

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Strongyloidiasis.-Strongyloidia-sis is a parasitic infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. Barium studies may reveal thickened or effaced folds and tubular narrowing of the duodenum and proximal jejunum, producing a classic "pipe stem" appearance (41). Other causes.-Other causes of focally thickened irregular folds include 5-FUDR (floxuridine) toxicity involving the terminal ileum or neo-terminal ileum (42), opportunistic infection of the ileum by cytomegalovirus in patients with AIDS (43), and malignant cecal tumors (including cecal carcinoma and lymphoma) directly invading the terminal ileum via the ileocecal valve.…”

Section: Irregular-segmental Thickeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern Approach for Diseases of Mesenteric Small Bowel on Barium Studies

Levine¹,

Rubesin²,

Laufer³

2008

Radiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite an array of sophisticated imaging techniques, the barium examination remains a valuable diagnostic test for evaluating structural abnormalities of the small bowel. Most patients can be examined with conventional small-bowel follow-through studies, in which periodic imaging of the entire small bowel is performed by using fluoroscopic guidance; however, some patients may benefit from enteroclysis, in which contrast agents are instilled into the small bowel via a catheter placed in the proximal jejunum for optimal distention and better depiction of individual small-bowel loops. This review for residents discusses the major diseases involving the mesenteric small bowel and presents a pattern approach for the wide spectrum of abnormalities found on barium studies, including polypoid lesions, cavitated lesions, annular lesions, outpouchings, separation of loops, abnormal folds, nodules without abnormal folds, and dilated small bowel.

show abstract

“…At that stage, the radiological images are similar to those seen in hypoalbuminemia, ascites and peritonitis. The combination of dilation of the stomach and thickening of the gastric mucous membrane is less common in inflammatory processes of other causes and, in strongyloidiasis, results in luminal narrowing and thickening of the duodenal folds, producing a "lead pipe" sign (Figure 2B), and upstream distension, as seen in the cases presented here (9) . In some cases, there can be reflux of oral contrast into the biliary tree or pneumobilia, due to sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, caused by severe inflammation of the duodenal wall, as was observed in our patient 2 (10) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 54%

“…In S. stercoralis infection, the imaging findings of the alterations to the large intestine are nonspecific and similar to those seen in inflammatory/infectious intestinal diseases of other causes, especially the edema of the duodenal wall and of the proximal small intestine, as well as mucous congestion, coarse folds, and dilation of the bowel loops (7-9) . At that stage, the radiological images are similar to those seen in hypoalbuminemia, ascites and peritonitis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%