Radiological characterization of anhydrous/hydrated cements and geopolymers

Puertas, Francisca; Alonso, M.M.; Torres-Carrasco, M.; Rivilla, Patricia; Gascó, C.; Yagüe, L.; Suárez, José Félix Restrepo; Navarro, Núria

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.074

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In a previously published paper Puertas et al (44) showed that activity concentration of the hydrated or activated end product by unit of mass is slightly lower than in the anhydrous material because of the presence of moisture. The extent of the decline corresponds closely to water content in examined samples.…”

Section: Gama Spectrometric Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Physicochemical and radiological characterization of kaolin and its polymerization products

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study was determination of physical-chemical and radiological characteristics of kaolin and products of alkali-activated thermally treated kaolin (geopolymer). Also, the objective of presented research was to investigate the possibility of kaolin application as a pigment or as a raw material for obtaining geopolymer materials as a relatively new ones in a building material industry. Physicochemical characterization of one set of samples was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra - red (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Activity concentration of naturally occurring radionuclides in kaolin, metakaolin and geopolymer were determined. The absorbed dose rate (D) and the annual effective dose rate (EDR), calculated in accordance with the UNSCEAR 2000 report, are also presented in this paper. Kaolin was heat-treated on 750oC and specific activity of natural radionuclide in metakaolin increased up to 1.6, while measured specific activities in geopolymer were the lowest.

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Section: Gama Spectrometric Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Physicochemical and radiological characterization of kaolin and its polymerization products

et al. 2018

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“…Portland cement manufacture is associated with a number of adverse effects, including high (essentially thermal and electric) power consumption, extraction and use of large amounts of natural resources such as limestone, clay, sand and fossil fuels, and the emission of enormous amounts of greenhouse gases, CO 2 among them. Cement manufacture is estimated to account for around 8% of total anthropogenic CO 2 released into the atmosphere [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such adverse effects have driven the study and use of industrial waste and by-products from widely varying industries for cement and concrete manufacture. The aims of such practice include achieving the sustainability goals set out in the UN's Agenda 2030 and implementing the guidelines for what is known in the EU as the circular economy [9,10], i.e., to favour more sustainable construction [4,8,9,[11][12][13][14][15][16]. Some of the industrial waste and by-products apt for cement and concrete manufacture are members of the family of so-called NORMs (naturally occurring radioactive materials).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approach for the Determination of Radiological Parameters on Hardened Cement Pastes with Coal Fly Ash

et al. 2021

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Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in industrial waste and by-products are routinely used to mitigate the adverse environmental effects of, and lower the energy consumption associated with, ordinary Portland cement (OPC) manufacture. Many such SCMs, such as type F coal fly ash (FA), are naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs). 226Ra, 232Th and 40K radionuclide activity concentration, information needed to determine what is known as the gamma-ray activity concentration index (ACI), is normally collected from ground cement samples. The present study aims to validate a new method for calculating the ACI from measurements made on unground 5 cm cubic specimens. Mechanical, mineralogical and radiological characterisation of 28-day OPC + FA pastes (bearing up to 30 wt % FA) were characterised to determine their mechanical, mineralogical and radiological properties. The activity concentrations found for 226Ra, 212Pb, 232Th and 40K in hardened, intact 5 cm cubic specimens were also statistically equal to the theoretically calculated values and to the same materials when ground to a powder. These findings consequently validated the new method. The possibility of determining the activity concentrations needed to establish the ACI for cement-based materials on unground samples introduces a new field of radiological research on actual cement, mortar and concrete materials.

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“…All samples were measured in specific polypropylene sample container (cylinders 75.4 mm of diameter, 31 mm height) sealed to avoid 222 Rn loses. Each container was totally filled with the sample and the measurements were carried out after 21 days to ensure secular equilibrium between radionuclides and their progeny [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] . The samples were measured in duplicate, except in cases where a sufficient quantity of sample was not available.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data on natural radionuclide's activity concentration of cement-based materials

et al. 2020

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Cement based materials may contain varying levels of radionuclides, mainly 226 Ra (from the 238 U series), 232 Th and 40 K, which are used to determine the Activity Concentration Index ("ACI"). According to the European directive Euratom 2013/59 in these materials, the “ACI” must be < 1 to be suitable for their use in construction. In this paper, data on the activity concentration of natural radionuclides in cement-based materials (i.e. cements, additions, pigments and aggregates) as well as their chemical composition are presented. Radioactivity measurements have been determined by using gamma spectroscopy the chemical compositions have been determined by X-Ray Fluorescence. Data for cements measured shown that white cements present a lower concentration of activity than conventional CEM I. In addition, the CAC (Calcium aluminate cements) present high activity concentration in the 232 Th series. Regarding additions, FA (Fly Ash) are those that present the highest concentration of activity in the 238 U and 232 Th series, while olive biomass ashes are those supplementary cementitious materials that show the highest concentration of activity for 40 K. Some pigments used in mortar and concrete technology were also characterized. Granitic and volcanic rocks, potentially used as aggregates present much higher activity concentration than the siliceous aggregate.

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Radiological characterization of anhydrous/hydrated cements and geopolymers

Cited by 26 publications

References 14 publications

Physicochemical and radiological characterization of kaolin and its polymerization products

Physicochemical and radiological characterization of kaolin and its polymerization products

New Approach for the Determination of Radiological Parameters on Hardened Cement Pastes with Coal Fly Ash

Data on natural radionuclide's activity concentration of cement-based materials

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