Radiological characteristics of pulverized fly ashes produced in Turkish coal-burning thermal power plants

Turhan, Şeref; Parmaksız, Aydın; Köse, Abdullah; Yüksel, Ayhan; Arıkan, İsmail Hakkı; Yücel, Bilgi

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2010.06.045

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The results suggested that releases of these trace elements were all lower than the allowed limits for solid wastes imposed by the EC Directive [3]. Furthermore, as to the study by Turhan et al [28], the utilization of the examined all fly ash samples (included Yeniköy fly ash) except Kangal and Soma, in the road, street, roadbeds, and road pavement does not pose any significant source of radiation hazard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

The Effects of High Alkaline Fly Ash on Strength Behaviour of a Cohesive Soil

Binal

2016

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Contemporarily, there are 16 coal-burning thermal power plants currently operating in Turkey. This number is expected to rise to 46 in the future. Annually, about 15 million tons of fly ash are removed from the existing thermal power plants in Turkey, but a small proportion of it, 2%, is recyclable. Turkey’s plants are fired by lignite, producing Class C fly ash containing a high percentage of lime. Sulfate and alkali levels are also higher in Class C fly ashes. Therefore, fly ash is, commonly, unsuitable as an additive in cement or concrete in Turkey. In this study, highly alkaline fly ash obtained from the Yeniköy thermal power plants is combined with soil samples in different proportions (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) and changes in the geomechanical properties of Ankara clay were investigated. The effect of curing time on the physicomechanical properties of the fly ash mixed soil samples was also analyzed. The soil classification of Ankara clay changed from CH to MH due to fly ash additives. Free swelling index values showed a decrease of 92.6%. Direct shear tests on the cohesion value of Ankara clay have shown increases by multiples of 15.85 and 3.01 in internal friction angle values. The California bearing ratio has seen a more drastic increase in value (68.7 times for 25% fly ash mix).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

The Effects of High Alkaline Fly Ash on Strength Behaviour of a Cohesive Soil

Binal

2016

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…The maximum dosage of solid waste in building materials f s can be calculated by using Equations (11) and 12:…”

Section: Maximum Dosage Of Solid Waste In Building Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where C Ra , C Th , and C K are the mean radioactivity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K (in Bq/kg) for other components in building materials, respectively. When the ratio of C Ra , C Th , and C K are all meant to be zero, the ratio of f s calculated using Equations (11) and 12is the maximum dosage of solid waste in building materials.…”

Section: Maximum Dosage Of Solid Waste In Building Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the solid wastes RM, FA, and PS cannot be directly used for building materials, the maximum dosages (f s ) of solid wastes FA, RM, and PS in building materials were calculated using Equations (11) and (12) with results of 75.44%, 29.72%, and 66.01%, respectively. According to the different related research reviews related, increasing the addition of FA in concrete can result in a decrease in the compressive strength of concrete.…”

Section: Limitation Analysis Of Solid Wastes In Building Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radioactivity of Five Typical General Industrial Solid Wastes and its Influence in Solid Waste Recycling

Zhang

Cheng

et al. 2019

Minerals

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The level of radionuclides is an important index for the preparation of building materials from industrial solid waste. In order to investigate the radiological hazard of five kinds of typical general industrial solid wastes in Guizhou, China, including fly ash (FA), red mud (RM), phosphorus slag (PS), phosphogypsum (PG), and electrolytic manganese residue (EMR), the radiation intensity and associated radiological impact were studied. The results show that concentrations of 238U, 235U, 232Th, 226Ra, 210Pb, and 40K for different samples vary widely. The concentration of 238U was both positively correlated with 235U and 226Ra, and the uranium contents in the measured samples were all of natural origin. The radiation levels of PG, EMR, EMR-Na (EMR activated by NaOH), and EMR-Ca (EMR activated by Ca(OH)2) were all lower than the Chinese and the world’s recommended highest levels for materials allowed to be directly used as building materials. The values of the internal and external illumination index (IRa and Iγ, respectively) for FA and RM were higher (IRa > 1.0 and Iγ > 1.3 for FA, IRa > 2.0 and Iγ > 2.0 for RM). The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), indoor and outdoor absorbed dose (Din and Dout, respectively), and corresponding annual effective dose rate (Ein and Eout) of RM, PS, and FA were higher than the recommended limit values (i.e., 370 Bq/kg, 84 nGy/h, 59 nGy/h, 0.4 mSv/y, and 0.07 mSv/y, respectively), resulting from the higher relative contribution of 226Ra and 232Th. The portion of RM, FA, and PS in building materials should be less than 75.44%, 29.72%, and 66.01%, respectively. This study provides quantitative analysis for the safe utilization of FA, RM, PS, PG, and EMR in Guizhou building materials.

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“…Nat u ral ra dio ac tiv ity and as so ci ated ra di a tion hazard of fly ash have be come a sub ject of world wide in terest in re cent years be cause of the di verse use of fly ash in the man u fac ture of ce ment, clay ash bricks, ash bricks/blocks, cel lu lar con crete blocks, as bes tos products, as a re place ment for sand and ce ment in build ing ma te ri als, for fill ing of un der ground cav i ties, in construc tion of roads/rail em bank ments/re in forced earth walls and mine fill ing [1][2][3][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The rel a tive re search in China, how ever, is lim ited, es pe cially the 222 Rn and 220 Rn ex ha la tion rates of fly ash and the build ing ma te rials made from fly ash.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of natural radioactivity, 222Rn and 220Rn exhalation rates and radiation hazards of fly ash and fly ash brick used in Baotou, China

Zhang

2016

NUCL TECH RAD PROT

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Nat u ral ra dio ac tiv ity lev els, 222 Rn and 220 Rn ex ha la tion rates and ra di a tion haz ards of fly ash and fly ash brick used in Baotou, China were de ter mined. The ac tiv ity con cen tra tions of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K in fly ash sam ples ranged from 38.81 to 93.73, 40.34 to 135.17, and 66.92 to 290.86 Bq/kg with an av er age of 76.52, 109.95, and 170.72 Bq/kg, re spec tively; while in fly ash brick sam ples, these radionuclides ranged from 42.43 to 71.60, 76.65 to 208.37, and 94.32 to 489.42 Bq/kg with an av er age of 53.83, 101.93, and 266.48 Bq/kg, re spec tively. The ex ha lation rates of 222 Rn and 220 Rn in all de ter mined sam ples were in the range of 1.13-20.50 and 15.60-113.00 mBq/m 2 s, re spec tively. The cal cu lated re sults of the ra dium equiv a lent ac tiv ity, ex ter nal haz ard in dex, in ter nal haz ard in dex, in door an nual ef fec tive dose and out door an nual ef fec tive dose in di cated that fly ashes and fly ash bricks col lected from some brick fac to ries of Baotou would pose ex ces sive ra di a tion risks to in hab it ants and that they are not suit able for use in build ing con struc tion. The nat u ral ra dio ac tiv ity level of fly ash and fly ash brick needs to be con stantly mon i tored con sid er ing the ra di a tion safety of the lo cal res i dents.

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Radiological characteristics of pulverized fly ashes produced in Turkish coal-burning thermal power plants

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

The Effects of High Alkaline Fly Ash on Strength Behaviour of a Cohesive Soil

The Effects of High Alkaline Fly Ash on Strength Behaviour of a Cohesive Soil

Radioactivity of Five Typical General Industrial Solid Wastes and its Influence in Solid Waste Recycling

Determination of natural radioactivity, 222Rn and 220Rn exhalation rates and radiation hazards of fly ash and fly ash brick used in Baotou, China

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