Radiolarian‐based transfer function for the estimation of sea surface temperatures in the Southern Ocean (Atlantic Sector)

Abelmann, Andrea; Brathauer, Uta; Gersonde, Rainer; Sieger, Rainer; Zielinski, Ulrich

doi:10.1029/1998pa900024

Cited by 75 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…For light microscopic investigations a quantitative sample preparation was made following AWI standard procedures (Abelmann, 1988;Abelmann et al, 1999). The plankton samples were oxidized with a saturated solution of potassium permanganate and afterward processed with HCl and H 2 O 2 ; the surface sediments were processed with H 2 O 2 and HCl.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiolarians in the Sea of Okhotsk and their ecological implication for paleoenvironmental reconstructions

Abelmann

Nimmergut

2005

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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To assess the relationship of radiolarian production, species distribution in water and surface sediment to water-mass characteristics, biological productivity and export regimes in the Sea of Okhotsk (SOk) we accomplished a quantitative analysis of radiolarian assemblages obtained from 35 surface-sediment samples and 115 plankton samples recording the radiolarian depth distribution in the upper 1000 m of the water column at 23 locations. This study augments the knowledge on the autecological demands of radiolarians dwelling in a specific hydrographic and biological environment, and extracts new information on the significance of radiolarians for the assessment of past oceanographic and climatic development in high latitudes.Highest radiolarian accumulation rates and seasonal radiolarian standing stocks are encountered in the western part of the SOk close to Sakhalin, marking the environmental conditions in this area as most favorable for radiolarian production. Maximum standing stocks occur during summer, indicating that the radiolarian signal preserved in the sediment record is mainly produced during this season when the mesopelagic biomass is at highest activity.We identified seven radiolarian species and groups related to specific water-mass characteristics, depth habitats, and productivity regimes. Of those, Dictyophimus hirundo and Cycladophora davisiana are most prominent in the Sea of Okhotsk Intermediate Water (200-1000 m), the latter representing an indicator of the occurrence of cold and well ventilated intermediate/deep water and enhanced export of organic matter from a highly productive ocean surface. While Antarctissa (?) sp. 1 is typically related to the cold-water Sea of Okhotsk Dicothermal Layer (SODL), ranging between 50 and 150 m water depth, the surface waters above the SODL affected by strong seasonal variability are inhabited predominantly by taxa belonging to the Spongodiscidae, having a broad environmental tolerance. Taxa only found in the sediment record show that the plankton study did not cover all assemblages occurring in the modern SOk. This accounts for an assemblage restricted to the western Kurile Basin and apparently related to environmental conditions influenced by North Pacific and Japan Sea waters. Other important taxa include species of the Plagoniidae group, representing the most prominent contributors to the SOk plankton and surface sediments. These radiolarians show a more opportunistic occurrence and are indicative of high nutrient supply in a hydrographic environment characterized by pronounced stratification enhancing heterotrophic activity and phytodetritus export. r

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All samples were rinsed over 41 mm. The microscopic slides with randomly distributed radiolarian skeletons (Abelmann et al, 1999) were mounted in Canada balsam. Light microscopic investigation was accomplished with a Leitz Orthoplan microscope with apochromatic objectives at a magnification of 160 Â , 250 Â , and 400 Â .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiolarians in the Sea of Okhotsk and their ecological implication for paleoenvironmental reconstructions

Abelmann

Nimmergut

2005

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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“…[4] Transfer functions applied to microfossil assemblages have been successfully used to reconstruct past sea surface temperatures (SST) [CLIMAP Project Members, 1981;Pisias et al, 1997;Zielinski et al, 1998;Abelmann et al, 1999;Cortese and Abelmann, 2002;Niebler et al, 2003]. Radiolarians are particularly promising in this respect for the study area, as they are highly diversified and well preserved in Southern Ocean sediments Cortese and Abelmann, 2002].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The last five glacial‐interglacial transitions: A high‐resolution 450,000‐year record from the subantarctic Atlantic

2007

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[1] A submillennial resolution, radiolarian-based record of summer sea surface temperature (SST) documents the last five glacial to interglacial transitions at the subtropical front, southern Atlantic Ocean. Rapid fluctuations occur both during glacial and interglacial intervals, and sudden cooling episodes at glacial terminations are recurrent. Surface hydrography and global ice volume proxies from the same core suggest that summer SST increases prior to terminations lead global ice-volume decreases by 4.7 ± 3.7 ka (in the eccentricity band), 6.9 ± 2.5 ka (obliquity), and 2.7 ± 0.9 ka (precession). A comparison between SST and benthic d 13 C suggests a decoupling in the response of northern subantarctic surface, intermediate, and deep water masses to cold events in the North Atlantic. The matching features between our SST record and the one from core MD97-2120 (southwest Pacific) suggests that the super-regional expression of climatic events is substantially affected by a single climatic agent: the Subtropical Front, amplifier and vehicle for the transfer of climatic change. The direct correlation between warmer DT site at Vostok and warmer SST at ODP Site 1089 suggests that warmer oceanic/ atmospheric conditions imply a more southward placed frontal system, weaker gradients, and therefore stronger Agulhas input to the Atlantic Ocean.Citation: Cortese, G., A. Abelmann, and R. Gersonde (2007), The last five glacial-interglacial transitions: A high-resolution 450,000-year record from the subantarctic Atlantic, Paleoceanography, 22, PA4203,

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“…Large populations can be obtained from small sediment samples that are readily collected from core tops or other sediment sampling devices, and these populations are time-averaged assemblages that are more appropriate for comparison with down-core assemblages than are plankton populations. Radiolarian assemblages in sea-floor sediments have been shown to accurately reflect watermass characteristics in numerous regional studies in the Pacific (Molina-Cruz 1977;Moore 1978;Boltovskoy 1987;Pisias & Mix 1997;Chang et al 2003), Atlantic (Goll & Bjørklund 1972, 1974Morley 1979;Dolven et al 2002;Bjørklund & Krugilova 2003), Indian (Dow 1978;Johnson & Nigrini 1980,1982Morley 1989), and Antarctic (Lozano & Hays 1976;Abelmann et al 1999;Cortese & Abelmann 2002) Oceans. The majority of these studies (e.g., Lozano & Hays 1976;Moore 1978;Pisias & Mix 1997;Chang et al 2003) have used variations of the Imbrie & Kipp (1971) transfer function method, involving Q-mode factor and regression analysis, to translate biogeographic information on modern assemblages into paleo-temperature estimates based on fossil assemblages in sediment cores.…”

Section: Radiolaria In the Oceans And Surface Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dry scatter method was used instead of various, more commonly used, wet methods (e.g., Moore 1973;Abelmann et al 1999) to allow direct comparison with local Quaternary assemblage slides (Hollis et al 2002;Lüer 2003), which were prepared by the dry method. For one sample, Q575, slides were prepared by dry (Q575A) and wet (Q575B) methods to test the effects of preparation methods on assemblage characteristics.…”

Section: Sample Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary record of radiolarian biogeography, offshore eastern New Zealand

Hollis¹,

Neil

2005

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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Examination of 38 surface sediment samples from offshore eastern New Zealand, between 33°S and 54°S, yielded 100 radiolarian taxa, which are common to abundant in sediments deposited at > 1000 m water depth but rare at shallower depths. In general, radiolarians are most abundant, most diverse, and best preserved in assemblages north of the Subtropical Front (STF). Multivariate analysis of census data for 29 radiolarian-rich samples identifies six sample groups and eight species groups. The STF forms a major biogeographic barrier, separating three transitional zone (TR) and three subantarctic zone (SA) sample groups. The three primary sample groups (TR1, TR2, SA1) record a southward latitudinal trend of decreasing abundance of subtropical-tropical or warm-water taxa (species group 4) and increasing abundance of subantarcticAntarctic or cool-water taxa (species groups 7 and 8). Two secondary sample groups (TR3 and SA2) may record the influence of shallow-water processes or strong surface currents on either side of the STF. low abundance and diversity, records relatively shallow, stratified, and silica-limited conditions of the central Campbell Plateau.

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Radiolarian‐based transfer function for the estimation of sea surface temperatures in the Southern Ocean (Atlantic Sector)

Cited by 75 publications

References 59 publications

Radiolarians in the Sea of Okhotsk and their ecological implication for paleoenvironmental reconstructions

Radiolarians in the Sea of Okhotsk and their ecological implication for paleoenvironmental reconstructions

The last five glacial‐interglacial transitions: A high‐resolution 450,000‐year record from the subantarctic Atlantic

Sedimentary record of radiolarian biogeography, offshore eastern New Zealand

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