Radiolabeled nanomaterials for biomedical applications: radiopharmacy in the era of nanotechnology

Abstract

Background Recent advances in nanotechnology have offered new hope for cancer detection, prevention, and treatment. Nanomedicine, a term for the application of nanotechnology in medical and health fields, uses nanoparticles for several applications such as imaging, diagnostic, targeted cancer therapy, drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering, and theranostics. Results Here, we overview the current state-of-the-art of radiolabeled nanoparticles for molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy. Nanostructured radiopharmaceuticals of technetium-99m, copper-64, lutetium-177, and radium-223 are discussed within the scope of this review article. Conclusion Nanoradiopharmaceuticals may lead to better development of theranostics inspired by ingenious delivery and imaging systems. Cancer nano-theranostics have the potential to lead the way to more specific and individualized cancer treatment. Graphical abstract

Treatment of Orthotopic U251 Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Tumors in NRG Mice by Convection-Enhanced Delivery of Gold Nanoparticles Labeled with the β-Particle-Emitting Radionuclide, 177Lu

“…One class of radiolabeled NPs that has not been studied for treatment of GBM via CED is gold NPs (AuNPs), despite their effectiveness for treatment of tumors outside the brain after local intratumoral (i.t.) injection with minimal toxicity. , For example, our group treated athymic mice with subcutaneous MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer (BC) tumors by i.t. injection of AuNPs labeled with 177 Lu (4.5 MBq) .…”

Good Things in Small Packages: Growth and Potential of Theragnostic Platforms in Cardiovascular Medicine

“…Based on the higher sensitivity of nuclear imaging, radiolabeling of nanoparticles may be more amenable to the required therapeutic doses. 10 Such labeling is feasible for lipid and paramagnetic nanoparticles and have been pioneered in oncology applications. Further incorporation of target moieties facilitates precision delivery of the therapeutic payload to specific tissues or cell populations.…”

“…Further incorporation of target moieties facilitates precision delivery of the therapeutic payload to specific tissues or cell populations. 10 The ability to concurrently monitor the local dispersion of the treatment payload at the tissue level is highly attractive in the context of individualized medicine, particularly with highly specific molecular interventions. For example, mannosylated albumin nanoparticles targeted to monocyte-derived macrophages allowed targeted interfering RNA to inhibit profibrotic cytokine tumor growth factor beta-1 in a lung fibrosis model.…”

Highlight selection of radiochemistry and radiopharmacy developments by editorial board

“…Radiolabeled nanoparticles (NPs) for cancer imaging or treatment were reviewed (Pijeira et al 2022 ). NPs are drug delivery systems for cancer treatment with dimensions of 1-100 nm (Kinnear et al 2017 ).…”