Radioimmunoassay of β<sub>2</sub>-Microglobulin in Human Biological Fluids

Evrin, Per-Eric; Peterson, Per A.; Wide, Leif; Berggård, Ingemar

doi:10.3109/00365517109095721

Cited by 263 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Thyroid uptake of radioactive iodide was blocked with potassium iodide 100 mg for the two days prior to the study. Urinary concentrations of albumin and fl-2-microglobulin (Phadebas, fi-2-micro test) were measured by radioimmunoassay [5,6]. In patients 1-6 and patient 8 plasma insulin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay [4] (measurements were unsuccessful in patient 7).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of intravenous insulin infusion on kidney function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

1981

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Summary. Glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, urinary excretion of fl-2-microglobulin and albumin, heart rate and blood pressure were studied in eight young male insulin-dependent diabetics. Measurements were performed before and during insulin infusion at 2 mU/kg/min: No patient had discernible insulin antibodies. Two studies were performed at random in each patient. In series A blood glucose concentration was allowed to decline, while in series B it was maintained at a constant level. Ten 20 min clearance periods were performed, four before and six during insulin infusion. Results are given as mean+SEM of .values from the first four (control) and last four (test) clearance periods. Blood glucose declined in series A experiments from 10.8_+0.8 mmol/1 in the control period to 5.8+0.5 mmol/1 during the test period, but remained constant during experiment B (9.8+ 1.1 and 9.5_+ 1.1 mmol/1). Plasma insulin levels were comparable in the two series. GIomerular filtration rate fell from 141+7 ml/ min • 1.73 m 2 to 132_+7 ml/min X 1.73 m 2 (p < 0.01) in series A but did not change significantly during series B. Similarily renal plasma flow declined with declining glucose but remained constant when glucose was maintained at a constant level. In series A the magnitude of decrease in renal plasma flow was correlated with the magnitude of decrease in glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.95, p < 0.001). fl-2-microglobulin excretion decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in both series (A: 89+17 to 60_+13 ng/min, B: 117_+46 to 62_+17ng/min). Albumin excretion increased in five out of six patients with normal control values (not significant) in series A and in four out of six in series B. No significant changes in heart rate or blood pressure were observed. Thus insulin infusion reduced renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate, but this effect could be completely abolished by keeping blood glucose constant. This suggests that it is not the lack of insulin but the associated hyperglycaemia which contributes to the elevated renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate in insulin-dependent diabetics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of intravenous insulin infusion on kidney function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

1981

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“…Urinary albumin and /32-microglobulin were measured with radioimmunoassays [4,8]. Plasma concentrations of glucagon and growth hormone were measured by radioimmunoassay [5,6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of short-term glucagon infusion on kidney function in normal man

et al. 1977

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Summary. Kidney function was studied in six normal males before and during a 2 h glucagon (10ng/kg/min) infusion. The following variables were determined during each 20 min clearance period; glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma-flow (RPF), filtration fraction (FF), urinary albumin and/32-microglobulin-excretion rates. Glucagon infusion resulted in a fourfold increase in plasma glucagon concentration. The infusion induced a significant increase in GFR (+9%), FF (+ 9%) and urinary fl2-microglobulin excretion rate (+ 32%), (p < 0.01). RPF and urinary albumin excretion rates were not significantly changed. We suggest that glucagon may contribute to the reversible kidney function alterations typically found in poorly regulated juvenile diabetes, a state with relative or absolute hyperglucagonaemia.

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“…Soluble HL-A antigens were assayed by their ability to inhibit immune cytolysis measured by trypan blue uptake (14). #2-Microglobulin was determined by a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (15). The specific antisera directed against HL-A were obtained from multiparous women.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Purified Papain-Solubilized HL-A Antigens Contain β ₂ -Microglobulin

Peterson¹,

Rask²,

Lindblom³

1974

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

234

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HL-A antigens comprising 11 different antigenic specificities were isolated after papain solubilization of spleen-cell membrane constituents. During the entire purification procedure, /32-microglolbulin appeared together with the HL-A antigens. The highly purified antigens were composed of two polypeptide chains. The large subunit carried the antigenic specificity whereas the small polypeptide chain was very similar, if not identical, to f32-nmicroglobulin. The two HL-A antigen polypeptide chains were held together by noncovalent interactions only, and 32-mnicroglobulin, isolated from urine, could replace the small subunit in forming a complex with the large polypeptide chain. The topographical relationship in the cell menibrane between 32-microglobulin and the large HL-A antigen polypeptide chain is unknown. The two polypeptide chains may be fortuitousdy bound as a result of the solubilization procedure.The major human histocompatibility determinants, HL-A antigens, are cell-surface markers present on lymphocytes and other nucleated cells. The great polymorphism exhibited by the histocompatibility antigens has severely impeded their isolation and chemical characterization. Various methods have been used to solubilize the cell surface-bound glycoproteins with serologic HL-A activity (1). The current methods used most successfully involve proteolytic treatment with papain, sonication, or extraction with high concentrations of salt (2-4), and apparently yield HL-A antigens differing in physical-chemical characteristics (4-6).Papain-solubilized HL-A antigens contain two polypeptide chains, one carrying the serologic activity and the other without serologically detectable HL-A antigenic determinants (6, 7). The latter of the two polypeptide chains has an estimated molecular weight of 10,000-12,000 (6, 7) and occurs in serum and urine (7,8). We earlier demonstrated that. the lowmolecular-weight plasma proteinB2-microglobulin, with molecular weight 11,800, is present on the surface of leukocytes (9). Amino-acid sequence analysis of this protein has revealed extensive homology with heavy and light chains of immunoglobulin G (9, 10). It was suggested that 02-microgiobulin is a free immunoglobulin domain that evolved before the gene duplication events giving rise to regular immunoglobulin polypeptide chains (9). Later work is compatible with this idea, since 02-microglobulin is manufactured by various mesenchymal and epithelial human cell lines (11). Furthermore, no correlation between immunoglobulin synthesis and 02-microglobulin production has been found (11-13). Isolation of HL-A Antigens. Four preparations of HL-A antigens were made. Briefly, a crude spleen-cell membrane fraction was suspended in 0.01 M Tris HCl buffer, pH 8.1, containing 5 mM cysteine and the protein concentration was adjusted to 10 mg/ml. To this membrane fraction, 2 mg of twice crystallized papain (20 units/mg, Sigma) were added per ml and proteolysis proceeded for 30 min at 370. The supernatant recovered after centrifugation of the papain...

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Radioimmunoassay of β₂-Microglobulin in Human Biological Fluids

Cited by 263 publications

References 7 publications

The effect of intravenous insulin infusion on kidney function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

The effect of intravenous insulin infusion on kidney function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

The effect of short-term glucagon infusion on kidney function in normal man

Highly Purified Papain-Solubilized HL-A Antigens Contain β ₂ -Microglobulin

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Radioimmunoassay of β2-Microglobulin in Human Biological Fluids

Cited by 263 publications

References 7 publications

The effect of intravenous insulin infusion on kidney function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

The effect of intravenous insulin infusion on kidney function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

The effect of short-term glucagon infusion on kidney function in normal man

Highly Purified Papain-Solubilized HL-A Antigens Contain β 2 -Microglobulin

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Product

Resources

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Radioimmunoassay of β₂-Microglobulin in Human Biological Fluids

Highly Purified Papain-Solubilized HL-A Antigens Contain β ₂ -Microglobulin