Radioimmunoassay of Avian RNA Tumor Virus Group-Specific Antigen

Suni, Jukka; Vaheri, Antti; Ruoslahti, Erkki

doi:10.1159/000148838

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent regulation of endogenous and exogenous avian RNA tumor virus genes.

Hayward¹,

Hanafusa²

1976

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Uninfected fibroblasts from chicken embryos contain avian leukosis-sarcoma virus genetic information in the form of DNA (1-3), which may exist in a latent unexpressed state or may be at least partially expressed, as shown by the presence of viral specific RNA, structural proteins, and the envelope glycoprotein (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). The last mentioned product complements a defect of the Bryan strain of Rous sarcoma virus (BH-RSV) and is thus known as chicken helper factor (chf) (8). The regulatory function which controls the expression of the endogenous virus-related genes (9, 13) appears to act at some step controlling the amount of viral RNA in the cell, either by altering the rate of transcription or by affecting the stability of the RNA (4, 5). Certain cell types, in particular those derived from line 7 or related chicken lines, spontaneously release an infectious virus, RAV-O. Virus production in these cells is genetically controlled (14,15), and appears to correlate with the presence or absence of viral RNA (unpublished results). However, most types of uninfected cells, including those used in the present study, do not produce virus particles even though viral RNA and proteins may be synthesized. This lack of virus production suggests either that certain viral genes are unexpressed in these cells, or that the endogenous viral genome is incomplete or defective.Infection of chicken cells with avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses results in substantial increases in the amounts of viral RNA and in production of progeny virus. The amounts of RNA and virus in infected cells are essentially the same in both endogenous chicken helper factor positive (chf+) and chicken helper factor negative (chf-) cells (4, 16 (13,20). Two classes of chf+ chicken embryos have been described, which contain high levels (hH) and extremely high levels (hE) of helper activity (4, 13). Where necessary, they are designated as chf+ (hH) and chf+ (hE). The Schmidt-Ruppin strain RSV, subgroup A (SR-RSV-A), SR-RSV-B (21), and SR-RSV-N8 (22) were kindly provided by S. Kawai of this laboratory; RAV-0 was spontaneously released from Line 100 chicken cells (kindly supplied by L. B. Crittenden, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, East Lansing, Mich.). Other viruses used in this study were Rous associated virus-2 (RAV-2), RAV-7, and BH-RSV(-). Their preparation has been described before (6,21). BH-RSV-infected cell cultures were prepared by infection of chf-cells with BH-RSV(-) in the presence of ultraviolet light-inactivated Sendai virus (6, 16) and were fully transformed after several cell transfers.Nucleic Acid Extraction. Cellular and viral RNAs were extracted as described previously (4). Cell DNA was purified by the methods of Marmur (23) and Berns and Thomas (24) as modified by Schincariol and Joklik (25). For annealing experiments, the DNA was cleaved by acid hydrolysis to an average length of approximately 150 nucleotides (26).

show abstract

“…

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent regulation of endogenous and exogenous avian RNA tumor virus genes.

Hayward¹,

Hanafusa²

1976

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Virus was purified from tissue culture fluid on SR-RSV-A trans formed cells by a procedure involving pelletization of the virus and two isopycnic ultra-centrifugations in potassium citrate gradients [5]. L-Methionine-33S (32 Ci/mmole.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gs proteins have proved to be useful indicators of both the expression of the endogenous viral genes and infection by external viruses [3,4] and have been commonly quan titated by complement fixation (COFAL)and more recently by radioimmuno assay (RIA) [5][6][7]. In leukosis-free chickens the expression of the endogenous viral genes appears to be largely under the regulation of a single dominant autosomal gene [8,9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of the Major Group-Specific Protein (p27) of Avian Tumor Viruses by Immunofluorescence in Chicken Cells and Tissues

1975

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An immunofluorescence technique was developed for the major group-specific (gs) p27 antigen of avian type C viruses. The localization of this antigen virus-infected in chick embryo fibroblasts was perinuclear, intracytoplasmic and at the cell surface in the majority of the cells, while it was at the cell surface only in some of the cells. No antigen was found in the nucleus. When chickens were experimentally infected with RAV-1 or a wild-strain avian leukosis virus (of subgroup A), the viral gs antigen was detected in lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricius and the spleen. Distinct specific staining was seen in the medulla of germinal centers in bursas of Fabricius and in the white pulp of the spleen where B lymphocytes are thought to be located. This is consistent with the possibility that B lymphocytes are the target cells in the infection of chickens with avian leukemia viruses.

show abstract

“…All inocula, including feather follicle epithelium extracts, and inoculated CEF cultures were examined for the presence of ALV by complement fixation (COFAL) tests [25], resistance-inducing factor assays [26], radioimmunoassay (RIA) [27], and 60 70S RNA (:!H-uridinc) determinations. COFAL tests for the detection of group-specific (gs) antigen were performed directly on extracts of feather follicle epithelium or with extracts of passaged cells and serial 2-fold dilutions of clarified culture fluids.…”

Section: Mdhvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Petersburg, Fla.), served as the source of viral protein. Viral antigens were purified by means of DEAE-ccllulosc and phosphocellulose chromatography, followed by isoelectric focusing [27], PAGE [28] deni-onstrated a single polypeptide with a molecular weight of 19,000 daltons (P19). Monospecific antiserum was prepared in rabbits which were immunized by multiple subcutaneous and intramuscular inoculations of PI9 (10 pg) in complete Freund's adjuvant.…”

Section: Mdhvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting Characteristics of Marek’s Disease Herpesvirus Isolated from Chickens with and without Avian Leukosis Virus Infection

Campbell¹,

Küfe²,

Peters³

et al. 1978

Intervirology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Marek’s disease herpesvirus (MDHV) isolated from chickens free of naturally occurring avian leukosis virus (ALV) infection produced characteristic foci in both chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) and chicken kidney cell (CKC) cultures. MDHV-A, which was extracted from the feather follicle epithelium of chickens naturally infected with ALV, did not induce cy tologic changes in CEF cultures, but did cause focus formation in CKC cultures. ALV was detected in MDHV-A, but not in MDHV preparations. MDHV-A (reconstructed in vivo) and MDHV were further distinguished from one another by inoculation of ALV-free LSI-SPF chickens. MDHV-A elicited a high incidence of early mortality which was not accompanied by the gross tumor spectrum characteristic of Marek’s disease, although extensive histologic lesions were present. The differences between MDHV and MDHV-A were not as striking in another line of ALV-free chickens (SPAFAS). By contrast, among conventional chickens with naturally occurring ALV infection, neither MDHV-A nor MDHV caused appreciable early mortality although both were highly oncogenic (gross tumor development). These observations demonstrate that the presence of an oncornavirus (ALV), detected by radioimmune but not complement fixation assays, can influence the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of an oncogenic herpesvirus (MDHV). The observations recorded here resolve some of the inconsistencies reported in the literature. Thus, the apparent failure by some to find interactions between MDHV and oncornaviruses can be ascribed to the comparatively limited sensitivity of the complement fixation assay used to detect oncornaviruses (ALV). We have shown that the presence of oncornavirus detectable by radioimmune assay, but not by complement fixation, can influence the in vitro and in vivo responses of an oncogenic herpesvirus (MDHV). Our observations relating to viral interaction do not imply that MDHV required the presence of ALV to produce disease.

show abstract

Radioimmunoassay of Avian RNA Tumor Virus Group-Specific Antigen

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Independent regulation of endogenous and exogenous avian RNA tumor virus genes.

Independent regulation of endogenous and exogenous avian RNA tumor virus genes.

Localization of the Major Group-Specific Protein (p27) of Avian Tumor Viruses by Immunofluorescence in Chicken Cells and Tissues

Contrasting Characteristics of Marek’s Disease Herpesvirus Isolated from Chickens with and without Avian Leukosis Virus Infection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Radioimmunoassay of Avian RNA Tumor Virus Group-Specific Antigen

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Independent regulation of endogenous and exogenous avian RNA tumor virus genes.

Independent regulation of endogenous and exogenous avian RNA tumor virus genes.

Localization of the Major Group-Specific Protein (p27) of Avian Tumor Viruses by Immunofluorescence in Chicken Cells and Tissues

Contrasting Characteristics of Marek&rsquo;s Disease Herpesvirus Isolated from Chickens with and without Avian Leukosis Virus Infection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Contrasting Characteristics of Marek’s Disease Herpesvirus Isolated from Chickens with and without Avian Leukosis Virus Infection