Radiography of the Cervical Spine

Biggi, Marianna; Manso‐Díaz, G.; Weller, R.

doi:10.1002/9781118974520.ch7

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…The skeletal component of the neck is a site of lesions and pain in horses 1. The indications for taking radiographs of the neck include signs of musculoskeletal pain, neurological signs and mechanical impairment of cervical spine mobility 2–4. The most common radiographic abnormalities in the cervical area are cervical vertebral malformation/stenotic myelopathy, degenerative joint disease of the articular process joints (APJs) and osteochondrosis of APJs, which have been widely reported in the literature 2 3 5 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The indications for taking radiographs of the neck include signs of musculoskeletal pain, neurological signs and mechanical impairment of cervical spine mobility 2–4. The most common radiographic abnormalities in the cervical area are cervical vertebral malformation/stenotic myelopathy, degenerative joint disease of the articular process joints (APJs) and osteochondrosis of APJs, which have been widely reported in the literature 2 3 5 6. More recently, great attention has been paid to anatomical variations of the caudal cervical area, including the spinous processes of the seventh cervical vertebra (C7) and the first thoracic vertebra (T1), and transposition and/or abnormalities of the ventral lamina (also named the ventral tubercle or ventral process) of the sixth cervical vertebra (C6) 7–10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiographic findings and anatomical variations of the caudal cervical area in horses with neck pain and ataxia: case–control study on 116 horses

et al. 2020

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BackgroundAbnormalities of the ventral lamina of the sixth cervical vertebra (AVL-C6) are thought to exert abnormal stress on the articular process joints (APJs) of the cervicothoracic junction. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between AVL-C6 and radiographic findings in the caudal cervical area and between clinical signs of neck pain and ataxia and radiographic findings.MethodsMedical records of horses subjected to cervical radiography were reviewed. Horses were classified into those with neck pain (group C), those with ataxia (group A) and healthy horses (group H). Presence of AVL-C6 and increased size, dysplasia, remodelling, fragmentation and osteochondral fragment at the APJs (C5–T1) were recorded. Univariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the associations between explanatory and dependent variables. Variables with P<0.2 were included in the multivariable analysis.ResultsOne hundred and sixteen horses were included (44 in group C, 29 in group A, 66 in group H); 24 of 116 horses had radiographic AVL-C6. Age, AVL-C6 and overall/C6–C7 increase in size remained in the final models.ConclusionsThe presence of AVL-C6 and moderate/severe increase in size of the caudal cervical APJs increase the odds of showing neck pain and, if severe, ataxia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%