Radiographic measures of pelvic limb malalignment in small breed dogs with various grades of medial patellar luxation

Garnoeva, Radka; Roydev, R.; Paskalev, M.; Peichamperi, M.

doi:10.1007/s00580-018-2772-8

Cited by 2 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Yasukawa et al [ 36 ], reported the same results with radiography and CT scans for healthy and MPL (grade 2 and 3)-affected Toy Poodles. These results were confirmed by Lusetti et al [ 39 ], for purebred English bulldogs with and without MPL using the CT method, and by Garnoeva et al [ 42 ], for sound and MPL-affected small-breed dogs. In 2018, Phetkaew et al [ 43 ] reported a significant difference in aLPFA and mLPFA values between CT scans and craniocaudal and caudocranial radiographs in healthy Chihuahuas.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Kara et al [ 26 ], investigated ICA values in small-to-medium-breed dogs using 3D images reconstructed from CT scans and reported no correlation between ICA and aLDFA or aCdDFA in normal canine femora. In another study, Garnoeva et al [ 42 ], reported that higher ICA values were recorded for dogs with grades 2 and 3 MPL in comparison with healthy dogs, which was contrary to the previous studies. The ICA values in dogs with different grades of MPL are shown in Table 5 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Eleven articles from a total of 29 articles were included in this group. The second group consisted of studies that compared the femoral and tibial alignments in different dog breeds with and without different orthopedic diseases, such as cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture, different grades of medial or lateral patellar luxation (MPL or LPL respectively), and osteoarthritis [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Eighteen articles were contained in the second group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fourteen studies were performed on medium-to-large-breed dogs [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 37 , 39 , 40 ]. Eight studies evaluated small-breed dogs [ 24 , 30 , 35 , 36 , 38 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], and 14 studies evaluated a combination of small and large breeds [ 25 , 26 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 41 ]. The number of dogs included in the studies is demonstrated in Figure 2 , categorized according to the dog breeds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dogs in the included studies had different health statuses. Nine studies reported the measured values in healthy dogs [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 31 ]; however, 20 studies investigated dogs with and without different orthopedic diseases, such as CrCL rupture [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 29 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 37 , 38 ], different grades of MPL or LPL [ 28 , 30 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], and other orthopedic diseases such as hip dysplasia [ 27 ]. The main goal of these studies was to assess the influence of the mentioned orthopedic disease on the hind limb alignments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Femoral and Tibial Alignments in Dogs: A Systematic Review

Aghapour

Bockstahler

Vidoni

2021

Animals

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The assessment of limb conformations in veterinary orthopedics is a significant tool used to determine the quantitative degree of limb malalignments. As in human medicine, various studies have been undertaken in veterinary medicine to determine the values in different dog breeds and to determine the values in healthy and diseased dogs. The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate the reported values in these articles separately, to compile the standard values, and to compare the values between dogs with and without various orthopedic diseases. All of the articles included in this systematic review were collected by screening the Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and Web of Science databases. The articles were evaluated according to the measured alignments, imaging methods, dog breeds, and the health status of the dogs. Each alignment was investigated separately, and the results are summarized. Twenty-nine studies were included in this systematic review. According to the studies, in the frontal plane, distal femoral alignments, as well as proximal and distal tibial alignments, corresponded to the severity of the medial patellar luxation. The difference between affected and non-affected dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease was limited to the proximal tibial alignments in the sagittal plane.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of the Femoral and Tibial Alignments in Dogs: A Systematic Review

Aghapour

Bockstahler

Vidoni

2021

Animals

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Inter- and Intra-Observer Variations in Radiographic Evaluation of Pelvic Limbs in Yorkshire Terriers with Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Patellar Luxation

Ševčík

Hluchý

Ševčíková

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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The main aims of the study were to describe bone alignment differences in Yorkshire Terriers (YT) with cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR), patellar luxation (PL), or with a combination of both (CCLR + PL); to verify the theory of increased strain on cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) due to PL as a predisposing factor; and to evaluate intra- and inter-observer variability of the protocols developed for measurement of femoral and tibial alignment in Yorkshire Terriers. Fifty-five hindlimbs of YT were divided into four groups: Control, CCLR, PL, and CCLR + PL. Thirty parameters were radiographically evaluated including hip joint, femoral, tibial, and intercondylar fossa (ICF) parameters. Three observers evaluated all parameters on two separate occasions with a twelve-week interval between measurements. Significant differences in conjunction with CCLR and PL theories between groups were noticed in: Norberg angle (NA), quadriceps angle (Qa), anatomic lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), femoral varus (FVA), mechanical cranial proximal tibial angle (mCrPTA), mechanical caudal proximal tibial angle (mCdPTA), tibial plateau angle (TPA), distal tibial axis/proximal tibial axis angle (DPA). Some interesting findings are the similarity of values between Control and CCLR vs. CCLR + PL and PL groups in Na, Qa, aLDFA; between CCLR + PL and PL in FVA and a significantly lower age of dogs in CCLR + PL compared to CCLR group. Based on our results, we can conclude that YT with different clinical findings have differing bone morphology. Moreover, these findings may support PL as a predisposing factor for CCLR in small breeds. Measurements in which excellent inter- observer agreement was achieved may be used for surgical planning or for further discussions.

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Radiographic measures of pelvic limb malalignment in small breed dogs with various grades of medial patellar luxation

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Evaluation of the Femoral and Tibial Alignments in Dogs: A Systematic Review

Evaluation of the Femoral and Tibial Alignments in Dogs: A Systematic Review

Inter- and Intra-Observer Variations in Radiographic Evaluation of Pelvic Limbs in Yorkshire Terriers with Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Patellar Luxation

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