Radiographic evaluation of the effect of obesity on alveolar bone in rats with ligature-induced periodontal disease

Nascimento, Cassiane Merigo do; Cassol, Tiago; Silva, Fernanda Soares da; Bonfleur, Maria Lúcia; Nassar, Carlos Augusto; Nassar, Patrícia Oehlmeyer

doi:10.2147/dmso.s50105

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Regardless of the periodontitis induction method chosen, radiographic, morphometric and histological techniques are the most cited techniques in the literature used to quantify ABL, which is the main parameter analyzed for this animal model. The radiographic method usually involves analyzing ABL by measuring the linear distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) in the alveolar bone crest of the first mandibular molar 8 , 9 , 13 . The morphometric method requires measuring the linear distance (mm) or the area (mm 2 ) between the CEJ and the bone crest in the mandibular molars 3 , 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the knowledge the kinetics of alveolar bone loss over time of the methodologies is also considered essential to the success of a study (study design and interpretation of results) because each technique evaluates a specific region in the periodontal tissue and consequently it becomes possible the occurrence of different rates of alveolar bone degradation according to the ABL model and the induction time chosen. Nowadays, the time of ABL induction in this animal model is found in the literature ranging from 1 to 60 days 9 , 10 , 12 , 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agreement, correlation, and kinetics of the alveolar bone-loss measurement methodologies in a ligature-induced periodontitis animal model

et al. 2017

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Periodontal research involves the use of animal models to better understand the biological processes of periodontal diseases and the potential of new or existing therapies. Currently, ligature-induced periodontitis in rats is the main model used in periodontal research, in this model, alveolar bone loss (ABL) is the main parameter evaluated by radiographic, morphometric, and histological techniques. Interestingly, although these methodologies are widely used, it is not totally clarified neither the kinetics of ABL over the induction time nor the agreement degree (repeatability and reproducibility) of these techniques. Objective: To characterize ABL kinetics at 0, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days after ABL induction by ligature and to evaluate the intra- (repeatability) and inter-examiner (reproducibility) agreement and the correlation among the radiographic, morphometric, and histological methodologies. Material and Methods: 60 male Wistar rats with induced ABL were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups (n = 10 animals/group). After 0, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days, the animals were euthanized and their hemimandibles were removed for ABL determination using radiographic, morphometric and histological techniques. Results: Radiographic and morphometric/linear techniques allowed the detection of statistically significant ABL on the third day, while histological and morphometric/area techniques could only detect ABL after the seventh day (ANOVA/Tukey, p<0.05). After the fifteenth day, except for histological analysis, the ABL was stabilized. Concerning the agreement of the methodologies, Bland Altman's test (intra and inter-examiner evaluations) showed no difference among the measurements (p>0.05). In addition, high correlations (Pearson's test, r2>0.9, p<0.05) were observed. Conclusion: The results indicated that the minimum time for ABL induction could vary from 3 to 7 days, according to the chosen analysis methodology. Agreement and correlation data support the comparison of results between studies with same induction time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agreement, correlation, and kinetics of the alveolar bone-loss measurement methodologies in a ligature-induced periodontitis animal model

et al. 2017

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“…However, the diet-induced obese mouse model best serves research studies relevant to the cause-and-effect relation between periodontal health and obesity [ 3 ]. Obese rat studies have shown that obesity could contribute to the severity of periodontal disease [ 46 ], alveolar bone loss [ 12 ] and spontaneous periodontal disease [ 9 ]. Exercise training in high-fat diet mice and rats could effectively suppress oxidative stress in gingival tissue [ 4 ] and markedly inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in adipose tissue [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change of periodontal inflammatory indicators through a 4-week weight control intervention including caloric restriction and exercise training in young Koreans: a pilot study

et al. 2015

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BackgroundRecent cross-sectional studies indicate that obesity is a risk factor for periodontal disease. Exercise training in high fat mice or rats can inhibit gingival inflammation effectively. The objective of this human intervention study was to investigate whether short-term weight control could affect periodontal indexes and serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) biomarkers in young Koreans.MethodsForty-one obese volunteers (body mass index (BMI) > 25.0) and 12 normal weight subjects (18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 23.0) participated in a four-week weight control program to analyze the changes in anthropometric criteria, the concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides in serum, gingival index, bleeding on probing, periodontal biomarkers in GCF, and dental plaque index at the first and the 27th days.ResultsThe means of obesity measures decreased significantly more in the obese group (BMI 2.53 ± 0.96, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) 4.88 ± 1.58 %, LDL 35.85 ± 21.74 mgdL−1) than in the normal weight group (BMI 0.78 ± 0.72, WHR 2.00 ± 0.95 %, LDL 15.58 ± 18.07 mgdL−1). While the obese group showed significant decreases in the biomarkers in GCF (IL-1β 58.38 ± 65.55 pgmL−1, MMP-8 4.19 ± 5.61 ngmL−1, MMP-9 3.36 ± 6.30 ngmL−1), the mean changes for the normal weight group (IL-1β 10.07 ± 21.08 pgmL−1, MMP-8 1.49 ± 4.61 ngmL−1, MMP-9 -1.52 ± 9.71 ngmL−1) were not statistically significant. Anthropometric measures and the amounts of GCF biomarkers had weak positive correlations (0.242 ≤ r ≤ 0.340), and LDL in serum correlated with MMP-8 (r = 0.332) and IL-1β (r = 0.342) in the obese group. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis in the obese group showed that the relationship between the amount of IL-1β in GCF and predictor variables including LDL and BMI was highly significant and accounted for 19.1 % of the variance in IL-1β in GCF.ConclusionsIn periodontally healthy subjects, weight control could reduce the amounts of MMP-8, MMP-9, and IL-1β in GCF of the obese subjects. Further studies with periodontally unhealthy and obese people are needed to identify the mechanism of decreases in inflammation biomarkers in GCF through weight control.Trial registrationISRCTN86753073 (2015.08.14)

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Influence of obesity on experimental periodontitis in rats: histopathological, histometric and immunohistochemical study

et al. 2017

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Radiographic evaluation of the effect of obesity on alveolar bone in rats with ligature-induced periodontal disease

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Agreement, correlation, and kinetics of the alveolar bone-loss measurement methodologies in a ligature-induced periodontitis animal model

Agreement, correlation, and kinetics of the alveolar bone-loss measurement methodologies in a ligature-induced periodontitis animal model

Change of periodontal inflammatory indicators through a 4-week weight control intervention including caloric restriction and exercise training in young Koreans: a pilot study

Influence of obesity on experimental periodontitis in rats: histopathological, histometric and immunohistochemical study

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