Radiographic anatomy of the tarsocrural joint of the dog

Carlisle, Carol H.; Reynolds, K. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1990.tb00806.x

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…This region is particularly difficult to assess with radiography due to the superimposition of the distal tibia, fibula, and calcaneus. 25,26 Clinically, failure to detect intra-articular fractures and fissures in this region could have devastating long-term osteoarthritic consequences for the patient, including missed opportunities for surgical stabilization or joint fragment excision. A clear understanding of fractures extending to the joint surface is critical to surgical decision making.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Butler

Nemanic

Warnock

2017

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Detection and accurate classification of traumatic tarsal fractures are important for identifying cases requiring surgical intervention. The aim of this prospective, experimental, methods comparison study was to directly compare the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of tarsal computed tomography (CT), ten-view and two-view digital radiographs for detecting traumatic fractures of the canine tarsus. The working hypothesis was that tarsal fractures would be detected with higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity using CT imaging compared to radiography, and a tenview would be superior to a two-view radiographic study. Ten cadaver hind limbs of medium to large dogs received a CT scan and ten-view radiographic study before and after induction of fractures with a hydraulic press. All bones included in the radiographic images were assessed for fractures by two observers and gross dissection was used as the gold standard. The two-view radiographic study (dorsoplantar, lateromedial) was created from the ten-view study and reviewed 2 years later. All limbs sustained fractures, the most common locations were the talus and calcaneus (n = 7). The sensitivity of CT was greater than ten-view radiographic study (77% vs. 57%), while the specificity was similar (97% vs. 98%). The sensitivity and specificity of the ten-view and twoview radiograph studies were similar (57% vs. 55%; both 98%). Computed tomography images were reassessed postdissection to determine if failure to identify fractures resulted from observer error. Overall, CT was better than radiography for detecting fractures of the canine tarsus, however there was little improvement with ten-view compared to two-view radiographic studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Butler

Nemanic

Warnock

2017

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…Mediolateral and plantarodorsal radiographs are commonly taken to examine the tarsal joint of the dog but are of limited value for detecting OCD lesions on the lateral trochlea of the talus because of the superimposition of the distal tibia and fibula and particularly the tuber calcanei in this region (Carlisle and Reynolds 1990). However, information can be obtained from these radiographs that can indicate what other projections should be made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of this paper is to relate the radiographic appearance of OCD lesions to the normal radiographic anatomy of the region so that suitable radiographic projections can be selected for diagnosis of the lesion on the lateral ridge of the talus. The normal radiographic anatomy of this region has been described in detail in another paper (Carlisle and Reynolds 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic signs of osteochondritis dissecans of the lateral ridge of the trochlea tali in the dog

Carlisle

Robins

Reynolds

1990

J of Small Animal Practice

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Osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the lateral ridge of the trochlea of the talus occur infrequently and are difficult to diagnose. They occur mainly in the proximal or proximodorsal section of the lateral ridge of the trochlea and are best seen in the plantaromedial-dorsolateral oblique projection (with the X-ray beam angled 30 to 4 5 O from the vertical), and in the fully flexed and extended mediolateral projections. The flexed dorsoplantar projection using a horizontal beam is also useful.

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“…With lateral trochlear ridge lesions, even more (27%) lesions can be missed radiographically 19,20 . Moreover, performing multiple projections of the tarsal joint is time consuming and sedation or general anesthesia is usually mandatory 1 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…radiographically the canine tarsus is complex due to the superimposition of various bony structures 1 . Although its radiographic anatomy has been described, 1 the radiographic evaluation of the joint remains challenging, particularly for diagnosis of tarsocrural osteochondrosis. The tomographic and multiplanar aspects of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are advantages over radiography for tarsal evaluation 2…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Approach to the Canine Distal Tibia and Trochlear Ridges of the Talus

Liuti

Saunders

Gielen

et al. 2007

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate to what extent the distal tibia and the trochlear ridges of the talus can be examined with ultrasound (US) in the dog and to establish a protocol for an optimal US examination of these ridges. Six hind limbs of deceased adult mixed-breed dogs were used. In two limbs, needles were placed using US guidance on the trochlea of the talus, just dorsal to and plantar to the distal tibia: one with the tarsal joint in extension and one with the joint in flexion. Then mediolateral (ML) radiographs of both joints were made with the needle in place to determine the percentage of the trochlear ridge of the talus that can be seen using US imaging. An US examination of the tarsal joint was performed on the four other limbs using microconvex (8 MHz) and linear (12 MHz) transducers (Logiq 7) and compound imaging. A three-step protocol was performed including a dorsal approach with the limb extended and the linear transducer (step I), a plantar approach with the limb flexed and the linear transducer (step II), and a plantar approach with the limb flexed and the microconvex transducer (step III). After the US examination, the four limbs were frozen and sectioned, two in a transverse and two in a sagittal plane. Bony structures on the US images were matched with the corresponding anatomic sections. The distal tibia and both trochlear ridges of the talus were easily recognized on the US images using the proposed protocol. When combining the dorsal and plantar approaches, it was possible to visualize up to 75% of the trochlear ridges of the talus in the dog.

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Radiographic anatomy of the tarsocrural joint of the dog

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Radiographic signs of osteochondritis dissecans of the lateral ridge of the trochlea tali in the dog

Ultrasound Approach to the Canine Distal Tibia and Trochlear Ridges of the Talus

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