Radiofrequency (RF) effects on blood cells, cardiac, endocrine, and immunological functions

Abstract

Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RFEMF) on the pituitary adrenocortical (ACTH), growth (GH), and thyroid (TSH) hormones have been extensively studied, and there is coherent research on reproductive hormones (FSH and LH). Those effects which have been identified are clearly caused by heating. The exposure thresholds for these effects in living mammals, including primates, have been established. There is limited evidence that indicates no interaction between RFEMF and the pineal gland or an effect on prolactin from the pituitary gland. Studies of RFEMF exposed blood cells have shown that changes or damage do not occur unless the cells are heated. White cells (leukocytes) are much more sensitive than red cells (erythrocytes) but white cell effects remain consistent with normal physiological responses to systemic temperature fluctuation. Lifetime studies of RFEMF exposed animals show no cumulative adverse effects in their endocrine, hematological, or immune systems. Cardiovascular tissue is not directly affected adversely in the absence of significant RFEMF heating or electric currents. The regulation of blood pressure is not influenced by ultra high frequency (UHF) RFEMF at levels commonly encountered in the use of mobile communication devices. Bioelectromagnetics Supplement 6:S187-S195,

Effects of Exposure to Electromagnetic Field on of Some Hematological Parameters in Mice

“…While there was an increase in the cell decomposition which affect the flow of potassium ions from red blood cells of rabbits that were exposed to electromagnetic waves, which indicates the strength of cells carry the blood of humans to high temperature and adaptability, however, while not tolerate blood cells rabbit this increase caused by heating and exposure to electromagnetic waves, which reported with many of the scientists and the actual impact of the hard electromagnetic waves is the effect of heat raises the temperature of the tissue [46]. This is consistent with Black & Heynik [47] who found that did not caused changes, clear decomposition of the red blood cells and did not increase the temperature as well as the sensitivity of the white blood cells when exposed to electromagnetic waves. Stronati, et al [48] reported that the lack of any damage to the cells of human blood or genetic mutations of blood when exposed to 50 Hz frequency or 60 Hz for 24 hours, while in some cases there may provoke the onset of these mutations.…”

Plasma thyroid hormones and corticosterone levels in blood of chicken embryos and post hatch chickens exposed during incubation to 1800 MHz electromagnetic field

“…Meanwhile, in the experiment with rats, Black and Heynick [21] observed no effect of 2450 MHz EMF on T 4 levels. The effect of weak electromagnetic fields (ELF EMF) (50 Hz) on blood iodothyronine concentration of chick embryos was also investigated by Sechman et al [22], who demonstrated that ELF EMF significantly elevate the levels of T 4 (between 11th and 18th day of incubation) and T 3 (between 18th day of incubation and hatching) in the blood of the analyzed birds.…”

2.45 GHz (CW) MICROWAVE IRRADIATION ALTERS CIRCADIAN ORGANIZATION, SPATIAL MEMORY, DNA STRUCTURE IN THE BRAIN CELLS AND BLOOD CELL COUNTS OF MALE MICE, MUS MUSCULUS

“…Leucocytes are much more sensitive than erythrocytes. Black and Heynick [41] reported that exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields can stimulate lymphocytes to become lymphoblasts (active cells undergoing mitosis). Although present findings indicate a significant increase in blood cell counts following microwave radiations, mechanism of such increase and its pathology needs to be confirmed before drawing meaningful conclusion.…”