Radiofrequency Energy Loop Primes Cardiac, Neuronal, and Skeletal Muscle Differentiation in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells: A New Tool for Improving Tissue Regeneration

Abstract

Radiofrequency (RF) waves from Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) technologies have become ubiquitous, with Internet access spreading into homes, and public areas. The human body harbors multipotent stem cells with various grading of potentiality. Whether stem cells may be affected by Wi-Fi RF energy remains unknown. We exposed mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells to a Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer (REAC), an innovative device delivering Wi-Fi RF of 2.4 GHz with its conveyer electrodes immersed into the culture medium. Cell responses were investigated by real-time PCR, Western blot, and confocal microscopy. Single RF burst duration, radiated power, electric and magnetic fields, specific absorption rate, and current density in culture medium were monitored. REAC stimulation primed transcription of genes involved in cardiac (GATA4, Nkx-2.5, and prodynorphin), skeletal muscle (myoD) and neuronal (neurogenin1) commitment, while downregulating the self renewal/pluripotency-associated genes Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog. REAC exposure enhanced the expression of cardiac, skeletal, and neuronal lineage-restricted marker proteins. The number of spontaneously beating ES-derived myocardial cells was also increased. In conclusion, REAC stimulation provided a "physical milieu" optimizing stem cell expression of pluripotentiality and the attainment of three major target lineages for regenerative medicine, without using chemical agonists or vector-mediated gene delivery.

Cancer Stem Cells: Foe or Reprogrammable Cells for Efficient Cancer Therapy?

“…We have recently shown that asymmetrically conveyed electromagnetic fields (ACEF) of 2.4 GHz optimize the expression of pluripotency in mouse ES cells, inducing myocardial, neuronal and skeletal muscle differentiation [74]. Similar results are obtained upon exposure to ACEF of ADhMSCs [75].…”

Low-power Density Radiations Emitted from Common Wi-Fi Routers Influence Sperm Concentration and Sperm Histomorphometric Parameters: A New Horizon on Male Infertility Treatment

“…Therefore, no data are available in the literature to compare the results of this study. Maioli et al [24] evaluated the effects of 2.4 GHz microwave radiation emitted from Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer On the other hand, in our study, motility and viability in the CE and CS groups were not statistically significant; this is in contrast with the results reported by Aweda et al [18]. He indicated that 2.4 GHz microwave radiation with 6 mW/cm² power density reduced the sperm motility and concentration, and increased the abnormal sperm cells of the male rats.…”

Seeing Cell Biology with the Eyes of Physics

“…optimized the expression of pluripotency and promoted highyield commitment towards myocardial, neuronal and skeletal muscle fates in both mouse embryonic stem cells [36] and human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) [37]. Commitment towards the same lineages has been achieved by REAC treatment of human skin fibroblasts [38].…”

“…More recently, we discovered that radio-electric fields of 2.4 GHz, the same frequency used worldwide to connect through the Internet, could be delivered to cultured stem cells by a Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer (REAC) [36]. The REAC technology generates radio electric asymmetrically conveyed microcurrents in tissues, without depth limits [36].…”

“…The REAC technology generates radio electric asymmetrically conveyed microcurrents in tissues, without depth limits [36]. The sum of these radio electric-induced microcurrents elicited by the REAC apparatus in the cell culture or patient's body are concentrated by the asymmetric conveyer-probe of the device, in order to optimize their bioelectrical activity [36]. This innovative strategy has been shown to modulate stem cell dynamics at multiple interconnected levels, from the expression of stemness-related and tissue-restricted genes, up to functional remodeling of stem cells.…”