Radiochromic film for medical radiation dosimetry

Butson, Martin J; Yu, Peter K N; Cheung, Tsang; Metcalfe, Peter E

doi:10.1016/s0927-796x(03)00034-2

Cited by 292 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] While many of the current polymer systems are utilized for two-or three-dimensional dose representation, high spatial resolution offers potential for successful implementation in point-based measurements. Radiochromic materials commercially available in GAFCHROMIC ® films ͑International Specialty Products, Wayne, NJ͒ have the desired high spatial resolution [8][9][10] and are able to provide sufficient signal from a subcubic millimeter volume. 11,12 Furthermore, they can be made relatively energy independent, [13][14][15] and have been shown to respond in real time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and hydration effects on absorbance spectra and radiation sensitivity of a radiochromic medium

et al. 2008

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The effects of temperature on real time changes in optical density ͑⌬OD͒ of GAFCHROMIC ® EBT film were investigated. The spectral peak of maximum change in absorbance ͑ max ͒ was shown to downshift linearly when the temperature of the film was increased from 22 to 38°C. The ⌬OD values were also shown to decrease linearly with temperature, and this decrease could not be attributed to the shift in max . A compensation scheme using max and a temperature-dependent correction factor was investigated, but provided limited improvement. Part of the reason may be the fluctuations in hydration of the active component, which were found to affect both position of absorbance peaks and the sensitivity of the film. To test the effect of hydration, laminated and unlaminated films were desiccated. This shifted both the major and minor absorbance peaks in the opposite direction to the change observed with temperature. The desiccated film also exhibited reduced sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Rehydration of the desiccated films did not reverse the effects, but rather gave rise to another form of the polymer with absorbance maxima upshifted further 20 nm. Hence, the spectral characteristics and sensitivity of the film can be dependent on its history, potentially complicating both real-time and conventional radiation dosimetry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and hydration effects on absorbance spectra and radiation sensitivity of a radiochromic medium

et al. 2008

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“…Then, the optical density (OD) was associated with the absorbed dose, following Equation 1, in which the optical density was defined [12,16], as:…”

Section: Digitization and Treatment Of The Calibration Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in which I0 is the R intensity from RGB digital image of the non-irradiated film, and I is the R intensity of the irradiated film [12,16]. The standard deviations of the optical densities of the exposed and unexposed films were calculated as described by Devic et al [12,13] as follows: …”

Section: Digitization and Treatment Of The Calibration Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breast internal dose measurements in a physical thoracic phantom

et al. 2017

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Radiotherapy is a cancer treatment intended to deposit the entire prescribed dose homogeneously into a target volume in order to eliminate the tumor and to spare the surrounding healthy tissues. This paper aimed to provide a dosimetric comparison between the treatment planning system (TPS) ECLIPSE from Varian Medical Systems and the internal dosimetric measurements in a breast phantom. The methodology consisted in performing a 3D conformal radiotherapy planning with two tangential opposite parallel fields applied to the synthetic breast in a thoracic phantom. The irradiation was reproduced in the Varian Linear accelerator, model SL -20 Precise, 6 MV energy. EBT2 Radiochromic films, placed into the glandular equivalent tissue of the breast, were used to measure the spatial dose distribution. The absorbed dose was compared to those values predicted by the treatment planning system; besides, the dosimetric uncertainties were analyzed. The modal absorbed dose was in agreement with the prescribed value of 180 cGy, although few high dose points between 180 and 220 cGy were detected. The findings suggested a non-uniform dose distribution in the glandular tissue of the synthetic breast, similar to those found in the TPS, associated with the irregular anatomic breast shape and presence of inhomogeneities next to the thoracic wall generated by the low lung density.Keywords: Radiotherapy, Film Dosimetry; Thoracic Phantom A radioterapia é um tratamento de câncer que visa depositar toda a dose prescrita de forma homogênea no volume alvo, a fim de eliminar o tumor, poupando tecidos sadios adjacente. Este trabalho teve como objetivo fornecer uma comparação dosimétrica entre o sistema de planejamento (TPS) ECLIPSE da Varian Medical Systems e medidas dosimétricas internas realizadas em um phantom de mama. A metodologia consistiu em realizar um planejamento radioterápico conformacional 3D com dois campos paralelos opostos tangenciais aplicados em uma mama sintética de um phantom torácico. A irradiação foi efetuada no acelerador linear da Varian, modelo SL -20 Precise, com 6 MV de energia. Filmes radiocrômicos EBT2 posicionados no interior do tecido equivalente glandular mamário do phantom foram utilizados para mensurar a distribuição espacial dosimétrica. A distribuição da dose foi comparada com a dose prescrita no TPS e as incertezas foram analisadas. A dose absorvida modal ficou de acordo com o valor prescrito no TPS de 180 cGy, embora tenham sido encontrados poucos pontos de altas doses no intervalo de 180 a 220 cGy . Os resultados sugerem uma distribuição de dose não uniforme no tecido glandular da mama sintética, similar aos valores encontrados no TPS, relacionados à anatomia irregular da mama e a presença de não homogeneidades na parede torácica gerada pela baixa densidade do pulmão.

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“…Dans cette optique, nous avons utilisé des films radiochromiques XR-RV3-Gafchromic ® positionnés contre la peau des patients pendant des procédures radiologiques supposées à risque, afin de connaître rapidement en fin d'examen la dose cutanée maximale et la cartographie de la distribution dosimétrique en fonction des différentes incidences utilisées. Ce type de film auto-développant a en effet montré ses avantages par rapport aux films radiographiques et la grande précision dosimétrique que l'on peut en extraire (Niroomand-Rad et al, 1998 ;Butson et al, 2003 ;Dini et al, 2005). …”

Section: Introduction / Contexteunclassified

Évaluation de la dose à la peau en radiologie interventionnelle par l’utilisation de films radiochromiques

et al. 2012

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Assessment of skin dose in interventional radiology using radiochromic films.The 97/43 /EURATOM Directive (June 30, 1997) indicates interventional radiology as a special practice (Article 9) able to deliver high doses, which is why having safety equipment and procedures, and appropriate quality assurance programs and training is essential. Indeed, using low-energy X-rays during procedures, ranging from a few seconds to several hours (complex cases), inevitably involves stochastic and deterministic risks. The evaluation of the maximum skin dose is useful data in the dermatological follow-up of the patient. In this study, we chose to use Gafchromic ® XR-RV3 radiochromic film as a detector to obtain a mapping of the skin dose received by the patient during a procedure. Radiochromic films are interesting because they allow one both to visualize and to quantify the region of the maximum dose. We present the preliminary stages of using the films on patients, that is to say, the study of physical characteristics, the dose calibration, the reading by flatbed scanner and the utilization of films with the image processing software ImageJ. The results show that the use of radiochromic films is relevant to a patient dosimetry assessment. Specifically, the films' response differs by less than 3.6% between calibration at 80 and 120 kV and the overall uncertainty remains below 20% up to a dose of 12 Gy. The evolving response of the films in time being negligible, the reading can be done immediately and utilizing the film requires less than 15 minutes to obtain the dose mapping. The application of this measurement technique in vivo for 58 procedures showed a maximum skin dose that exceeded 3 Gy for 12 patients. These patients were then sent to a dermatological follow-up. Among the 58 patients, assessment of the skin dose with the dosimetry indicators provided by the facilities would have led to the follow-up care of only 4 patients.Keywords: Skin dose / interventional radiology / deterministic effect / radiochromic film

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Radiochromic film for medical radiation dosimetry

Cited by 292 publications

References 141 publications

Temperature and hydration effects on absorbance spectra and radiation sensitivity of a radiochromic medium

Temperature and hydration effects on absorbance spectra and radiation sensitivity of a radiochromic medium

Breast internal dose measurements in a physical thoracic phantom

Évaluation de la dose à la peau en radiologie interventionnelle par l’utilisation de films radiochromiques

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