Radiochemical purity and stability of 99mTc-HMPAO in routine preparations

Uccelli, Licia; Martini, Petra; Pasquali, M.; Boschi, Alessandra

doi:10.1007/s10967-017-5437-1

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The generator system is a simple apparatus composed of an alumina column on which the 99 can be easily eluted from the column with a saline solution thanks to the depression caused by an under-vacuum vial appositely inserted in the pertechnetate collecting area ( Figure 2). The obtained sodium 99m Tc-pertechnetate is ready for injection or for the preparation of other radiopharmaceuticals [18,19].…”

Section: Techentium-99m Production Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 99m Tc]NaTcO4 can be easily eluted from the column with a saline solution thanks to the depression caused by an under-vacuum vial appositely inserted in the pertechnetate collecting area ( Figure 2). The obtained sodium 99m Tc-pertechnetate is ready for injection or for the preparation of other radiopharmaceuticals [18,19]. The worldwide demand for molydbenum-99 is satisfied by nuclear reactors via the 235 U(n,f) 99 Mo fission route on Highly Enriched Uranium targets (HEU, enrichment over 80% in 235 U).…”

Section: Techentium-99m Production Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Picture of Modern Tc-99m Radiopharmaceuticals: Production, Chemistry, and Applications in Molecular Imaging

2019

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Even today, techentium-99m represents the radionuclide of choice for diagnostic radio-imaging applications. Its peculiar physical and chemical properties make it particularly suitable for medical imaging. By the use of molecular probes and perfusion radiotracers, it provides rapid and non-invasive evaluation of the function, physiology, and/or pathology of organs. The versatile chemistry of technetium-99m, due to its multi-oxidation states, and, consequently, the ability to produce a variety of complexes with particular desired characteristics, are the major advantages of this medical radionuclide. The advances in technetium coordination chemistry over the last 20 years, in combination with recent advances in detector technologies and reconstruction algorithms, make SPECT’s spatial resolution comparable to that of PET, allowing 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals to have an important role in nuclear medicine and to be particularly suitable for molecular imaging. In this review the most efficient chemical methods, based on the modern concept of the 99mTc-metal fragment approach, applied to the development of technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals for molecular imaging, are described. A specific paragraph is dedicated to the development of new 99mTc-based radiopharmaceuticals for prostate cancer.

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Section: Techentium-99m Production Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Techentium-99m Production Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Picture of Modern Tc-99m Radiopharmaceuticals: Production, Chemistry, and Applications in Molecular Imaging

2019

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“…Exametazime which is mainly known by its chemical name hexamethylpropyleneamine-oxime or HMPAO has been used as a chelating agent to bind with technetium-99m [1]. Technetium-99m ( 99m Tc) is an isotope of technetium-99 and a gamma-emitter agent utilized in various fields of diagnostic medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kit formulation of active pharmaceutical ingredient d,l-HMPAO as a brain perfusion diagnostic system

2019

Prog. Chem. Biochem. Res.

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The purpose of this research study is to prepare exametazime (d,l-HMPAO) kit for labeling with 99m-technetium radionuclide as a brain perfusion diagnostic system. Firstly, the active pharmaceutical ingredient d,l-HMPAO was prepared in two steps with the purity of 99.29 %. Its molecular structure was characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. In second step, the d,l-HMPAO kit was prepared using six different formulations and labeled by technetium-99m radionuclide. The high radiochemical yield was attributed to the high amount of SnCl2 and adding phosphate buffer. The animal studies were conducted on the three-month old male Wistar rats. The results of the biodistribution studies revealed that, the mean activity in brain of all rats was above 1% ID/g. This showed the high isomerism purity of the synthesized compound (d,l-HMPAO) and optimization of the suggested formulations. K E Y W O R D S Exametazime HMPAO Kit Formulation Nuclear medicine Radiopharmaceutical Technetium-99m radionuclide Mohammadreza Davarpanah et.al Prog. Chem. Biochem. Res.

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“…Among the impurities, residual 99m Tc-pertechnetate, as consequence of non-reduction, and the reduced hydrolyzed technetium-99m [ 99m Tc]TcO 2 , due to the pertechnetate reduction, but not the complexation of the technetium-99m [5], lead to consequent radiochemical purity (RCP) loss of the final radiopharmaceutical. The effect of many listed factors on RCP of some 99m Tc-radiopharmaceuticals have been investigated in the past, e.g., the technetium-99 presence excess in solution [2]; the humidity influence on radiochemical purity of [ 99m Tc]Tc-ECD and [ 99m Tc]Tc-MIBI [1]; the saline storage condition, used for the preparation of [ 99m Tc]Tc-HMPAO [6]; and the effect of increased temperature on the labelling efficiency of some 99m Tc-radiopharmaceutilcals [7]. In particular, Maksin et al exposed some compounds, such as pyrophosphate (PyP), dicarboxypropane diphosphonate (DPD), dimercaptosuccinate (DMS), and Sn-colloid, at 37 °C for different time intervals before labelling with 99m Tc-pertechnetate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, while the temperature required by manufacturers for the production of 99m Tc-radiopharmaceuticals is variable, the radiolabelled kits storage temperature value has to be <25 °C. Furthermore, the cited works [6,7] analyzed different aspects from this that we have investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Storage Temperature on Radiochemical Purity of 99mTc-Radiopharmaceuticals

et al. 2018

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The influence of effective room temperature on the radiochemical purity of 99mTc-radiopharmaceuticals was reported. This study was born from the observation that in the isolators used for the preparation of the 99mTc-radiopharmaceuticals the temperatures can be higher than those reported in the commercial illustrative leaflets of the kits. This is due, in particular, to the small size of the work area, the presence of instruments for heating, the continuous activation of air filtration, in addition to the fact that the environment of the isolator used for the 99mTc-radiopharmaceuticals preparation and storage is completely isolated and not conditioned. A total of 244 99mTc-radiopharmaceutical preparations (seven different types) have been tested and the radiochemical purity was checked at the end of preparation and until the expiry time. Moreover, we found that the mean temperature into the isolator was significantly higher than 25 °C, the temperature, in general, required for the preparation and storage of 99mTc-radiopharmaceuticals. Results confirmed the radiochemical stability of radiopharmaceutical products. However, as required in the field of quality assurance, the impact that different conditions than those required by the manufacturer on the radiopharmaceuticals quality have to be verified before human administration.

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Radiochemical purity and stability of 99mTc-HMPAO in routine preparations

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

A Picture of Modern Tc-99m Radiopharmaceuticals: Production, Chemistry, and Applications in Molecular Imaging

A Picture of Modern Tc-99m Radiopharmaceuticals: Production, Chemistry, and Applications in Molecular Imaging

Kit formulation of active pharmaceutical ingredient d,l-HMPAO as a brain perfusion diagnostic system

Influence of Storage Temperature on Radiochemical Purity of 99mTc-Radiopharmaceuticals

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