Radiocarbon Wiggle-Matching of Japanese Historical Materials with a Possible Systematic Age Offset

Imamura, M.; Ozaki, H.; Mitsutani, Takumi; Niu, E.; Itoh, Shigeru

doi:10.1017/s0033822200042260

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These results suggest that 14 C ages of the Yakusugi tree tend to be older than those estimated by IntCal09 and show values intermediate to those of IntCal09 and SHCal04 14 C ages. A similar tendency has been reported for 14 C age values of other Japanese trees collected from Ashinoko Lake, central Japan, when compared with those of IntCal98, for the restricted calendar age range (AD 50-250) (Sakamoto et al 2003), and also for several other 14 C measurements on Japanese trees (Imamura et al 2007). In the present research, the 14 C age trends between Japanese trees and IntCal09 data are clear, and our data suggest that air…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Radiocarbon Ages of Annual Rings from Japanese Wood: Evident Age Offset Based on IntCal09

Nakamura

2013

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supporting

confidence: 90%

Radiocarbon Ages of Annual Rings from Japanese Wood: Evident Age Offset Based on IntCal09

Nakamura

2013

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“…The average shifts of Nagoya 14 C ages from the IntCal09 ones and 1 errors were determined to be +26 ± 36, +24 ± 30, +16 ± 22, +5 ± 21, and +14 ± 22 14 C yr, for the calendar-year intervals AD 72-382, 589-1072, 1413-1615, 1617-1739, and 1790-1860, respectively ( (Sakamoto et al 2003), and also for several other 14 C measurements on Japanese trees (Imamura et al 2007). In the present research, the 14 C age trends between Japanese trees and IntCal09 data are clear, and our data suggest that air Figure 3a Comparison of 14 C ages among tree rings analyzed (AD 72-382), and the IntCal09 and SHCal04 standard data sets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Radiocarbon Ages of Annual Rings from Japanese Wood: Evident Age Offset Based on IntCal09

et al. 2013

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To investigate the radiocarbon concentration of atmospheric CO2 over the past few millennia in Japan, we measured the 14C age of annual rings from 3 Japanese trees with calendar dates ranging from ∼2000 yr old to present, and we compared the tree-ring 14C age with the corresponding 14C age from IntCal09. In some instances, the 14C ages of the annual rings of Japanese trees are not consistent with the IntCal09 data sets. Often, the 14C ages of tree rings are older than those from IntCal09, but younger than those from the SHCal04 data sets. The average shifts in the Nagoya 14C age from IntCal09 data sets and 1σ errors were determined to be +26 ± 36, +24 ± 30, +16 ± 22, +5 ± 21, and +14 ± 22 14C yr for the intervals AD 72– 382, 589–1072, 1413–1615, 1617–1739, and 1790–1860, respectively. The Japanese Archipelago is situated near the boundary of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in summer, and the 14C concentration of atmospheric CO2 over Japan can be influenced by air masses of the Southern Hemisphere with lower 14C concentrations during periods of higher solar activity and heightened East Asian summer monsoons. Our results suggest that the Japanese Archipelago is located in a critical zone where it is difficult to calibrate the 14C age of tree-ring samples using existing calibration data sets. It should be noted that calibration of the 14C dates of Japanese samples with IntCal09 may induce additional systematic shifts of calibrated ages toward older ages by about 30 yr compared with the sample optimum calendar ages.

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“…As an example of such an application we can consider the data set of Imamura et al (2007). They give data for 2 tree-ring sequences from Japan, one of which is a reference data set of known age (outer ring AD 350) and another sample data set from a short 43-ring sequence that has been dendrochronologically dated (outer ring AD 389).…”

Section: Systematic Offsets Relative To the Calibration Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

Dealing with Outliers and Offsets in Radiocarbon Dating

Ramsey¹

2009

Radiocarbon

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The wide availability of precise radiocarbon dates has allowed researchers in a number of disciplines to address chronological questions at a resolution which was not possible 10 or 20 years ago. The use of Bayesian statistics for the analysis of groups of dates is becoming a common way to integrate all of the 14C evidence together. However, the models most often used make a number of assumptions that may not always be appropriate. In particular, there is an assumption that all of the 14C measurements are correct in their context and that the original 14C concentration of the sample is properly represented by the calibration curve.In practice, in any analysis of dates some are usually rejected as obvious outliers. However, there are Bayesian statistical methods which can be used to perform this rejection in a more objective way (Christen 1994b), but these are not often used. This paper discusses the underlying statistics and application of these methods, and extensions of them, as they are implemented in OxCal v 4.1. New methods are presented for the treatment of outliers, where the problems lie principally with the context rather than the 14C measurement. There is also a full treatment of outlier analysis for samples that are all of the same age, which takes account of the uncertainty in the calibration curve. All of these Bayesian approaches can be used either for outlier detection and rejection or in a model averaging approach where dates most likely to be outliers are downweighted.Another important subject is the consistent treatment of correlated uncertainties between a set of measurements and the calibration curve. This has already been discussed by Jones and Nicholls (2001) in the case of marine reservoir offsets. In this paper, the use of a similar approach for other kinds of correlated offset (such as overall measurement bias or regional offsets in the calibration curve) is discussed and the implementation of these methods in OxCal v 4.0 is presented.

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Radiocarbon Wiggle-Matching of Japanese Historical Materials with a Possible Systematic Age Offset

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Radiocarbon Ages of Annual Rings from Japanese Wood: Evident Age Offset Based on IntCal09

Radiocarbon Ages of Annual Rings from Japanese Wood: Evident Age Offset Based on IntCal09

Radiocarbon Ages of Annual Rings from Japanese Wood: Evident Age Offset Based on IntCal09

Dealing with Outliers and Offsets in Radiocarbon Dating

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