Radiocarbon measurements using new automated graphite preparation laboratory coupled with stable isotope mass-spectrometry at Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow (India)

Agnihotri, Rajesh; Gahlaud, S. K. S.; Patel, Nikhil; Sharma, Rajveer; Kumar, Pankaj; Chopra, Sundeep

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106156

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Accuracy of measured δ 13 C and δ 15 N data was better than 0.2‰, and for elemental concentrations, it was better than 5% (based on duplicate analysis). Detailed methodology of the used EA-IRMS facility is published elsewhere (Agnihotri et al, 2020). The isotopic data are reported using the standard delta notations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural resilience and land-use from an Indus settlement in north-western India: Inferences from stable Carbon and Nitrogen isotopes of archaeobotanical remains

Sharma,

Agnihotri,

Pokharia

et al. 2024

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Stable isotopic compositions of carbon and nitrogen (δ 13 C, δ 15 N) of archaeological grains/seeds recovered from different cultural layers of an Indus archaeological site 4MSR (29°12'87.2"N; 73°9'421"E; Binjor, western Rajasthan, India) provide insights into the Harappan agriculture between ~ 2900 to ~ 1800 BCE. While δ 13 C values were used to retrieve hydrological status, δ 15 N values were used to gauge agricultural intensi cation. Isotopic data of grains/seeds were generated representing three Indus phases (i) early phase (~ 2900 − 2600 BCE), (ii) transitional phase (~ 2600 − 2500 BCE) and (iii) mature phase (~ 2500 − 1800 BCE). We nd δ 13 C values of barley grains (winter crop) varied in overlapping ranges for all the three phases − 21.3‰±1.9; −22.9‰±1.6 and − 22.7‰±1.7 respectively (n = 10 for each phase) indicating insigni cant changes in hydrology for winter crops. For summer crops cotton also, average δ 13 C values for transitional phase − 23.7‰±1.8 were not signi cantly different from those of mature phase − 22.5‰±2.4. δ 15 N barley values also varied in wider ranges, however, intra-phase variability appears to have progressively increased from early (8.0‰±1.7) to transitional phase (7.3‰±2.5) and then mature phase (9.2‰±7.2) indicating a plausible agricultural intensi cation. We also measured δ 13 C of host soil organic matter (SOM) and sediment δ 15 N to assess regional environmental conditions. In contrast to the trends observed for archaeological grains, δ 13 C SOM values showed a statistically signi cant enriching trend from early (−23.6‰±1.4) to mature phase (−20.3‰±1.9) hinting a growing aridity in the region. We surmise that Harappan farmers of western Rajasthan region might be managing arable hydrological conditions in their elds through agricultural interventions to continue agriculture practices despite growing aridity in the vicinity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural resilience and land-use from an Indus settlement in north-western India: Inferences from stable Carbon and Nitrogen isotopes of archaeobotanical remains

Sharma,

Agnihotri,

Pokharia

et al. 2024

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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“…This sample was then dated by conventional radiometric 14 C dating using the liquid scintillation counter (LSC) at BSIP (Table 1). Details of chemical analyses for both conventional and AMS methods of 14 C dating at BSIP are described in Agnihotri et al (2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Chronology for Megalithic Burials in Vidarbha (Central India): Insights Into Contemporary Hydro-Climate and Food Habits

Patel

Trivedi

Agnihotri³

et al. 2022

Radiocarbon

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Megalithic cultures of central India provide important links between the southern Neolithic-Chalcolithic cultures and the early Historical period (∼500 BC to ∼AD 700) and reveal knowledge of ancient traditions of early inhabitants. Scientific dating of these Megalithic burial sites is a challenging task due to scarcity of dateable material and alterations. Here, we present multiple accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dates from equine tooth-enamel and organic food remains recovered from pots from Megalithic burials of the Vidarbha region. Using δ13CTOC and δ15N values of organic food remains recovered from pots, we deduced past-diet (palaeo-vegetation) that indicates C4 type of vegetation and thus arid climate during life-spans of these burials. We also analyzed stable δ13C and δ18O isotopes of equine tooth-enamel to investigate hydro-climatic conditions of Maharashtra (Vidarbha region). A total of 10 AMS 14C dates of tooth enamel provide a time range of AD 250–874 for two Megalithic burials. Two AMS 14C dates of organic food remains recovered from pots corroborated aforementioned time-range. The average δ13C and δ18O of equine tooth-enamel samples were −5.3 ± 2.1‰ and −2.9 ± 0.8‰, respectively, both significantly enriched compared to their modern counterparts (−13.7‰ ± 0.7 and −4.3‰ ± 1.1), indicating intense arid conditions in the past.

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“…The concentration of carbon and nitrogen along with stable isotopic ratio of red panda feces were performed using stable isotope mass-spectrometer (IRMS) connected with an elemental Analyser (EA) in continuous flow mode at Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences 77 (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Panda feces from Eastern Himalaya as a modern analogue for palaeodietary and palaeoecological analyses

Basumatary

Gogoi

Tripathi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Modern feces samples of the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens) were examined using multiproxy analysis to characterize the dietary patterns in their natural habitat in India. An abundance of Bambusoideae phytoliths and leaves (macrobotanical remains) provide direct evidence of their primary dietary plants. In contrast, Bambusoideae pollen is sporadic or absent in the pollen assemblages. An abundance of Lepisorus spores and its leaves along with broadleaved taxa, Betula, Engelhardtia, and Quercus are indicative of other important food sources. Average δ13C values (− 29.6‰) of the red panda feces indicate typical C3 type of plants as the primary food source, while the, δ15N values vary in narrow range (3.3–5.1‰) but conspicuously reveal a seasonal difference in values most likely due to differing metabolic activities in summer and winter. The multiproxy data can provide a baseline for the reconstruction of the palaeodietary and palaeoecology of extinct herbivores at both regional and global scales.

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Radiocarbon measurements using new automated graphite preparation laboratory coupled with stable isotope mass-spectrometry at Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow (India)

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Agricultural resilience and land-use from an Indus settlement in north-western India: Inferences from stable Carbon and Nitrogen isotopes of archaeobotanical remains

Agricultural resilience and land-use from an Indus settlement in north-western India: Inferences from stable Carbon and Nitrogen isotopes of archaeobotanical remains

New Chronology for Megalithic Burials in Vidarbha (Central India): Insights Into Contemporary Hydro-Climate and Food Habits

Red Panda feces from Eastern Himalaya as a modern analogue for palaeodietary and palaeoecological analyses

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