Radiocarbon Dating

Jull, A. J. T.; Burr, George S.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6304-3_101

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…3 for spatial coverage and table 1 for specific sampling locations). Charcoal is well known for producing reliable 14 C ages (Jull and Burr, 2015) and was the preferred target material for dating. Prior to analysis, PaleoResearch Institute in Golden, Colorado, identified a few aliquots of charcoal to genus level, but most were not identified (table 1).…”

Section: Radiocarbon Dating Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fortuitous presence of charcoal and shells in the deposits, and our methodology of dating only these materials, has resulted in an unusually clear chronologic framework that is presented in the composite stratigraphy in figure 5, the individual stratigraphic sections and annotated photographs in figures 7-19, and the age information presented in table 1. Bulk organic matter, humic acids, and aquatic gastropod shells are common in Las Vegas Formation deposits and could also have been used for dating, but doing so would have resulted in a less robust chronology because ages obtained from these materials are known to be affected by carbon mobility and transport, contamination, and hard-water effects (Trumbore, 2000;Jull and Burr, 2015). This rigorous approach has allowed us to differentiate ages at submillenial scales for individual beds within members D and E.…”

Section: The Las Vegas Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Las Vegas Formation

Springer¹,

Pigati²,

Manker³

et al. 2018

Professional Paper

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The Las Vegas FormationCover. Buff-colored deposits sit against the backdrop of the Las Vegas Range in the northern Las Vegas Valley. Once thought to be remnants of a large pluvial lake, these sediments actually record the presence of extensive paleowetlands that supported a diverse flora and fauna. Throughout the Quaternary, the wetlands expanded and contracted in response to abrupt changes in climate. These dynamic ecosystems are preserved in the geologic record as the Las Vegas Formation. (Photograph by Eric Scott, Cogstone Resource Management, Inc., used with permission) For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment-visit https://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS.For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov.

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Section: Radiocarbon Dating Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Las Vegas Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Las Vegas Formation

Springer¹,

Pigati²,

Manker³

et al. 2018

Professional Paper

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We used radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating of charcoal (charred vascular plants), organic material, and small terrestrial gastropod shells of the Succineidae family establish age control for the deposits. Charcoal and organic material are recognized as suitable material for 14 C dating paleowetland deposits (Quade et al, 1998; Haynes, 2008; Jull and Burr, 2015) and were treated using the standard acid-base-acid (ABA) procedure. Previous work has shown the Succineidae shells also yield reliable 14 C ages regardless of the local habitat, environmental conditions, and geologic substrate (Pigati et al, 2010; 2013), including desert wetland ecosystems in the southwestern U.S. (Pigati et al, 2009, 2011; Springer et al, 2015, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desert wetlands record hydrologic variability within the Younger Dryas chronozone, Mojave Desert, USA

2018

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One of the enduring questions in the field of paleohydrology is how quickly desert wetland ecosystems responded to past episodes of abrupt climate change. Recent investigations in the Las Vegas Valley of southern Nevada have revealed that wetlands expanded and contracted on millennial and sub-millennial timescales in response to changes in climate during the late Quaternary. Here, we evaluate geologic evidence from multiple localities in the Mojave Desert and southern Great Basin that suggests the response of wetland systems to climate change is even faster, occurring at centennial, and possibly decadal, timescales. Paleowetland deposits at Dove Springs Wash, Mesquite Springs, and Little Dixie Wash, California, contain evidence of multiple wet and dry cycles in the form of organic-rich black mats, representing periods of past groundwater discharge and wet conditions, interbedded with colluvial, alluvial, and aeolian sediments, each representing dry conditions. Many of these wet-dry cycles date to within the Younger Dryas (YD) chronozone (12.9–11.7 ka), marking the first timeintra-YD hydrologic variability has been documented in paleowetland deposits. Our results illustrate that desert wetland ecosystems are exceptionally sensitive to climate change and respond to climatic perturbations on timescales that are relevant to human society.

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Practical Guide to Measuring Wetland Carbon Pools and Fluxes

Bansal,

Creed,

Tangen

et al. 2023

Wetlands

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Wetlands cover a small portion of the world, but have disproportionate influence on global carbon (C) sequestration, carbon dioxide and methane emissions, and aquatic C fluxes. However, the underlying biogeochemical processes that affect wetland C pools and fluxes are complex and dynamic, making measurements of wetland C challenging. Over decades of research, many observational, experimental, and analytical approaches have been developed to understand and quantify pools and fluxes of wetland C. Sampling approaches range in their representation of wetland C from short to long timeframes and local to landscape spatial scales. This review summarizes common and cutting-edge methodological approaches for quantifying wetland C pools and fluxes. We first define each of the major C pools and fluxes and provide rationale for their importance to wetland C dynamics. For each approach, we clarify what component of wetland C is measured and its spatial and temporal representativeness and constraints. We describe practical considerations for each approach, such as where and when an approach is typically used, who can conduct the measurements (expertise, training requirements), and how approaches are conducted, including considerations on equipment complexity and costs. Finally, we review key covariates and ancillary measurements that enhance the interpretation of findings and facilitate model development. The protocols that we describe to measure soil, water, vegetation, and gases are also relevant for related disciplines such as ecology. Improved quality and consistency of data collection and reporting across studies will help reduce global uncertainties and develop management strategies to use wetlands as nature-based climate solutions.

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Radiocarbon Dating

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

The Las Vegas Formation

The Las Vegas Formation

Desert wetlands record hydrologic variability within the Younger Dryas chronozone, Mojave Desert, USA

Practical Guide to Measuring Wetland Carbon Pools and Fluxes

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