Radiocarbon dating of Aspromonte sessile oaks reveals the oldest dated temperate flowering tree in the world

Piovesan, Gianluca; Baliva, Michele; Calcagnile, Lucio; D’Elia, Marisa; Dorado‐Liñán, Isabel; Palli, Jordan; Siclari, Antonino; Quarta, Gianluca

doi:10.1002/ecy.3179

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Liebl. ), the oldest oak ( Demeter ) found to date is located at 1700 m elevation, compared to a larger but younger one at 1300 m elevation in Aspromonte National Park (Piovesan et al ., 2020). DBH, diameter at breast height.…”

Section: Ecological Considerations In Space and Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…in the high‐mountain vegetation zone of Aspromonte National Park in southern Italy have uncovered maximum tree ages ranging from c. 500 to c. 1000 yr, according to radiocarbon dating (Fig. 3; Piovesan et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Ecological Considerations In Space and Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within closed‐canopy forests dominated by shade‐tolerant taxa, trees of shade‐intolerant species can achieve comparable maximal ages, as shown for example by a 501‐yr‐old Acer pseudoplatanus L. in beech stands of the Italian Apennines (Biondi, 1992) and by a 509‐yr‐old Liriodendron tulipifera L. in the deciduous forests of the eastern USA (Pederson, 2010). Additional examples have recently been uncovered in southern Italy, including a 570‐yr‐old Quercus petraea in mixed beech–fir forests (Piovesan et al ., 2020), and > 550‐yr‐old Pinus heldreichii trees within beech stands (Piovesan et al ., 2019b).…”

Section: Ecological Considerations In Space and Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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On tree longevity

Piovesan

Biondi

2021

New Phytologist

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Large, majestic trees are iconic symbols of great age among living organisms. Published evidence suggests that trees do not die because of genetically programmed senescence in their meristems, but rather are killed by an external agent or a disturbance event. Long tree lifespans are therefore allowed by specific combinations of life history traits within realized niches that support resistance to, or avoidance of, extrinsic mortality. Another requirement for trees to achieve their maximum longevity is either sustained growth over extended periods of time or at least the capacity to increase their growth rates when conditions allow it. The growth plasticity and modularity of trees can then be viewed as an evolutionary advantage that allows them to survive and reproduce for centuries and millennia. As more and more scientific information is systematically collected on tree ages under various ecological settings, it is becoming clear that tree longevity is a key trait for global syntheses of life history strategies, especially in connection with disturbance regimes and their possible future modifications. In addition, we challenge the long-held notion that shade-tolerant, late-successional species have longer lifespans than earlysuccessional species by pointing out that tree species with extreme longevity do not fit this paradigm. Identifying extremely old trees is therefore the groundwork not only for protecting and/or restoring entire landscapes, but also to revisit and update classic ecological theories that shape our understanding of environmental change.

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Section: Ecological Considerations In Space and Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ecological Considerations In Space and Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ecological Considerations In Space and Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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On tree longevity

Piovesan

Biondi

2021

New Phytologist

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“…Oak (Quercus spec.) Among the oldest oak trees reported in Europe, one Q. petrea tree in Aspromonte National Park was found to be approximately 930 years old (Piovesan et al, 2020), while Q. robur individuals reached 518, 536, and 568 years in the Cantabrian mountains of Spain (Piovesan et al, 2019). Q. robur around 400-600 years were also reported in Sweden, where landscape, site, and tree properties affect oak longevity.…”

Section: European Beech (Fagus Sylvatica)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Protecting old-growth forests in Europe - a review of scientific evidence to inform policy implementation

O’Brien¹,

Schuck²,

Fraccaroli³

et al. 2021

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CH 1 | Objectives and methodological approach 13 CH 5 | Associated benefits, consequences, and potential trade-offs of old-growth forest protection and development of old-growth forest attributes 71Key Messages:• Biodiversity conservation in integrative forest management systems can bring multiple ecological benefits, as well as benefits to the forest manager/owner and society, but can also carry opportunity costs for the landowner.

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“…Climatic and orographic diversification have generated ecological gradients and highly heterogeneous vegetation typologies (Spampinato et al 2008). In endemism, relict species, and ancient woods, the Aspromonte represents a hotspot of plant and animal biodiversity at the species, genetic, and community levels (Spampinato et al 2008;Zampiglia et al 2019;Piovesan et al 2020). Biodiversity conservation within the Aspromonte region is undertaken by the Aspromonte National Park (ANP), together with 57 Natura 2000 areas, 55 of which are Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) and two are Special Protection Areas (SPAs).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and conservation status of threatened endemic amphibians within the Aspromonte mountain region, a hotspot of Mediterranean biodiversity

Martino¹,

Chiocchio²,

Siclari³

et al. 2022

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Amphibian biodiversity loss in recent years has exceeded that of all other groups of vertebrates. In this context, biodiversity hotspots represent priority targets for conservation in amphibian populations. However, little information is available on the distribution and conservation status of amphibian species within most biodiversity hotspots. Here, we characterized the distribution and conservation status of four threatened endemic amphibians (Bombina pachypus, Salamandra salamandra gigliolii, Salamandrina terdigitata, and Rana italica) in the Aspromonte Mountain region, a biodiversity hotspot in southern Italy where the conservation status of amphibians is almost unexplored. We conducted an intensive field survey of 507 potential breeding sites spanning over 2,326 km2. We found that all four species were widespread in the study area. We observed 337 species occurrences: 63 for S. s. gigliolii, 29 for S. terdigitata, 84 for B. pachypus, and 161 for R. italica. Species distribution analysis revealed that S. s. gigliolii and R. italica populations had an extended and homogenous distribution. Conversely, S. terdigitata showed a dispersed pattern, with long distances among breeding sites, and B. pachypus an aggregated pattern, associated with the availability of suitable artificial habitats. On the other hand, we reported a decrease in B. pachypus occurrence in its natural habitats, which reflects a negative trend of its populations. Overall, our results provide an encouraging framework for the conservation of amphibian populations in this area, but highlight the low coverage of threatened amphibian populations in protected areas, highlighting the need for a reassessment of conservation policies and spatial conservation planning for the Aspromonte region.

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Radiocarbon dating of Aspromonte sessile oaks reveals the oldest dated temperate flowering tree in the world

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

On tree longevity

On tree longevity

Protecting old-growth forests in Europe - a review of scientific evidence to inform policy implementation

Distribution and conservation status of threatened endemic amphibians within the Aspromonte mountain region, a hotspot of Mediterranean biodiversity

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Radiocarbon dating of Aspromonte sessile oaks reveals the oldest dated temperate flowering tree in the world

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

On tree longevity

On tree longevity

Protecting old-growth forests in Europe - a review of scientific evidence to inform policy implementation

﻿Distribution and conservation status of threatened endemic amphibians within the Aspromonte mountain region, a hotspot of Mediterranean biodiversity

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Product

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About

Distribution and conservation status of threatened endemic amphibians within the Aspromonte mountain region, a hotspot of Mediterranean biodiversity