Radiocarbon Dating by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry; A Contribution to the Chronology of Holocene Events in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard

Blake, Weston

doi:10.2307/521008

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…In Scandinavia and on Svalbard the amelioration started at high latitudes L'. 10 000 BP (Alm 1993; Birks et al 1994) where many glaciers were behind their present position by 10 000-9 000 BP (Blake 1989). The deglaciation shortly before 9 000 BP of the Northeast Greenland area dealt with here, the early Holocene warm period, and the Holocene history of the polynya are discussed in Hjort (1996).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Palynology and sediment slumping in a high arctic Greenland lake

Fredskild

1995

Boreas

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A 103‐cm core from a high arctic lake (80°49′N, 15°00′W) on Amdrup Land, NE Greenland has been analysed for pollen and other microfossils, as well as bulk samples from 10 cores for macrofossils. AMS 14C‐dating of aquatic mosses (Drepanocladus exannulatus and Scorpidiurn scorpioides) revealed that the lowermost 90 cm of the core was deposited during a 1.5‐2 ka interval in the early Holocene, before the appearance of Salix arctica which immigrated to N Greenland c. 7 ka BP. Armeria scabra, now extinct in the area, larval cases and apotomes of Apatcmiu zonella, today not known north of c. 77°N, and other indices point to a climate warmer than that of today. A thin, sandy layer 13 cm below the lake bottom, accompanied by marked changes in the content of pollen and macrofossils, such as the sudden occurrence of large amounts of Salix pollen and leaves, indicates a large hiatus. This is confirmed by the dating to c. 7 ka BP of mosses just below the sand, and of Salix leaves just above it to c. 1 ka BP. The hiatus must be caused by sediment slumping which transported all the sediment from the intervening period to the deeper part of the lake. A similar, sandy layer in the uppermost 2–6 cm may be caused by younger, (sub‐)recent slumping, or both may be the result of the same disturbance. The possibility of a reservoir effect causing too old 14C‐ages for the moss is discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Palynology and sediment slumping in a high arctic Greenland lake

Fredskild

1995

Boreas

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“…(, ), Björck et al . (), Björck & Digerfeldt (, ), Björck & Håkansson (), Björck & Möller (), Blackburn (), Blake (, , ), Blaszkiewicz (, , ), Bluszcz & Pazdur (), Blystad (), Blystad & Anundsen (), Bolshiyanov et al . (), Bondevik & Mangerud (), Bondevik et al .…”

Section: References For Dated‐1 Databaseunclassified

The last Eurasian ice sheets – a chronological database and time‐slice reconstruction, DATED‐1

Hughes

Gyllencreutz

Lohne

et al. 2015

Boreas

849

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We present a new time-slice reconstruction of the Eurasian ice sheets (British-Irish, Svalbard-Barents-Kara Seas and Scandinavian) documenting the spatial evolution of these interconnected ice sheets every 1000 years from 25 to 10 ka, and at four selected time periods back to 40 ka. The time-slice maps of ice-sheet extent are based on a new Geographical Information System (GIS) database, where we have collected published numerical dates constraining the timing of ice-sheet advance and retreat, and additionally geomorphological and geological evidence contained within the existing literature. We integrate all uncertainty estimates into three ice-margin lines for each time-slice; a most-credible line, derived from our assessment of all available evidence, with bounding maximum and minimum limits allowed by existing data. This approach was motivated by the demands of glaciological, isostatic and climate modelling and to clearly display limitations in knowledge. The timing of advance and retreat were both remarkably spatially variable across the ice-sheet area. According to our compilation the westernmost limit along the British-Irish and Norwegian continental shelf was reached up to 7000 years earlier (at c. 27-26 ka) than the eastern limit on the Russian Plain (at c. 20-19 ka). The Eurasian ice sheet complex as a whole attained its maximum extent (5.5 Mkm 2 ) and volume (~24 m Sea Level Equivalent) at c. 21 ka. Our continentalscale approach highlights instances of conflicting evidence and gaps in the ice-sheet chronology where uncertainties remain large and should be a focus for future research. Largest uncertainties coincide with locations presently below sea level and where contradicting evidence exists. This first version of the database and time-slices (DATED-1) has a census date of 1 January 2013 and both are available to download via the Bjerknes Climate Data Centre and PANGAEA (www.bcdc.no;

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“…Both glaciers have a history of surging (Dowdeswell 1986a(Dowdeswell , 1986bLefauconnier & Hagen 1991). Pelecypod shells of several other species which predate the last glaciation have been collected at numerous sites around Nordaustlandet and on Sjuøyane to the north (Blake 1961a(Blake , 1981(Blake , 1989(Blake , 1995 Salvigsen & Nydal 1981;Forman & Ingólfsson 2000). Also, pre-Holocene Mytilus shells have been reported from one of the inner branches of Isfjorden, Spitsbergen (Mangerud & Svendsen 1992a, 1992b.…”

Section: Collections and Radiocarbon Ages Of Mytilus Shells From Nordmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Table 2), it seems likely that both shells and the enclosing 'boulder clay' do indeed represent glacier-transported material, from a late Holocene readvance of Bodleybreen. (Blake 1980(Blake , 1989; the Gakushuin determination on marine shells is corrected to δ 13 C = 0.0 ‰, so no additional correction is applied (Kigoshi et al 1962). e As reported by Salvigsen (2002) with a built-in correction of -440 years.…”

Section: Collections and Radiocarbon Ages Of Mytilus Shells From Nordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of the Mytilus edulis complex on Nordaustlandet, Svalbard: radiocarbon ages and climatic implications

Blake¹

2006

Polar Research

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Fragments of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis complex) are present on raised beaches in the vicinity of Langgrunnodden and Kinnvika, northwestern Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. Both of these localities are north of 80ø N. New radiocarbon age determinations, together with earlier results, show that Mytilus colonies were present in this area for much of the first half of Holocene time–from approximately 9000 to 5800 14C yr BP. Mytilus has also been recorded farther south in Nordaustlandet, at three localities in Wahlenbergfjorden. Age determinations of shells at two of these sites have yielded results in the range of 7400 to 6900 14C yr BP. The arrival of Mytilus to Nordaustlandet coincided with the early Holocene influx of warm North Atlantic Water off the west coast of Spitsbergen. The drastic warming in early Holocene time, which resulted in the rapid melt‐off of glaciers and ice caps in Svalbard, also facilitated the establishment and perserverance of Mytilus colonies at this high latitude.

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Radiocarbon Dating by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry; A Contribution to the Chronology of Holocene Events in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Palynology and sediment slumping in a high arctic Greenland lake

Palynology and sediment slumping in a high arctic Greenland lake

The last Eurasian ice sheets – a chronological database and time‐slice reconstruction, DATED‐1

Occurrence of the Mytilus edulis complex on Nordaustlandet, Svalbard: radiocarbon ages and climatic implications

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