Radiobiological problems in space

Schimmerling, W.

doi:10.1007/bf01214827

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…With the advent of the International Space Station (ISS), there has been increased activity in the investigation of the near-Earth radiation environment [1]. Thus, the monitoring of the radiation exposure of the astronauts who will be involved in long-term missions has become an important issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bubble detector characterization for space radiation

Green

Andrews²,

Bennett

et al. 2005

Acta Astronautica

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bubble detector characterization for space radiation

Green

Andrews²,

Bennett

et al. 2005

Acta Astronautica

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“…Outside the magnetic field of the earth, such ions may constitute a significant part of the biologically significant dose during manned space explorations (1). The biological effects of such high-energy particles, however, have been studied relatively little.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Double-Strand Breaks Induced by High-Energy Neon and Iron Ions in Human Fibroblasts. I. Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Method

Cooper¹,

Rydberg²,

Löbrich³

1994

Radiation Research

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The relative effectiveness of high-energy neon and iron ions for the production of DNA double-strand breaks was measured in one transformed and one nontransformed human fibroblast cell line using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The DNA released from the gel plug (fraction of activity released: FAR) as well as the size distribution of the DNA entering the gel were used to compare the effects of the heavy-ion exposure with X-ray exposure. Both methods gave similar results, indicating similar distributions of breaks over megabase-pair distances for the heavy ions and the X rays. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) compared to 225 kVp X rays of initially induced DNA double-strand breaks was found to be 0.85 for 425 MeV/u neon ions (LET 32 keV/microns) and 0.42-0.55 for 250-600 MeV/u iron ions (LET 190-350 keV/microns). Postirradiation incubation showed less efficient repair of breaks induced by the neon ions and the 600 MeV/u iron ions compared to X rays. Survival experiments demonstrated RBE values larger than one for cell killing by the heavy ions in parallel experiments (neon: RBE = 1.2, iron: RBE = 2.3-3.0, based on D10 values). It is concluded that either the initial yield of DNA double-strand breaks induced by the high-energy particles is lower than the yield for X rays, or the breaks induced by heavy ions are present in clusters that cannot be resolved with the technique used. These results are confirmed in the accompanying paper (M. Löbrich, B. Rydberg and P. Cooper, Radiat. Res. 139, 142-151, 1994).

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“…Astronauts on prolonged deep-space missions, such as a voyage to Mars or extended stays on the Moon, will be traversed by a mixed field of particles consisting mainly of intermittent radiation from solar particle events and chronic radiation from high energy and high mass (HZE) charged particles (Schimmerling 1992, White and Averner 2001). Risks to astronauts from exposure to this unique radiation environment are of great concern to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) given the potential for protons and HZE particles to contribute to end organ damage such as central nervous system degeneration, cataract formation, and carcinogenesis (Cucinotta et al 2001a, Rastegar et al 2002, Raber et al 2004, Cucinotta and Durante 2006, Durante and Cucinotta 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA damage intensity in fibroblasts in a 3-dimensional collagen matrix correlates with the Bragg curve energy distribution of a high LET particle

Roig¹,

Hight²,

Minna³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Purpose The DNA double-strand break (DSB) damage response induced by high energy charged particles on lung fibroblast cells embedded in a 3-dimensional (3-D) collagen tissue equivalents was investigated using antibodies to the DNA damage response proteins gamma-histone 2AX (γ-H2AX) and phosphorylated DNA-PKcs (p-DNA-PKcs). Materials and methods 3-D tissue equivalents were irradiated in positions across the linear distribution of the Bragg curve profiles of 307.7 MeV/nucleon, 556.9 MeV/nucleon, or 967.0 MeV/nucleon 56Fe ions at a dose of 0.30 Gy. Results Patterns of discrete DNA damage streaks across nuclei or saturated nuclear damage were observed, with saturated nuclear damage being more predominant as samples were positioned closer to the physical Bragg peak. Quantification of the DNA damage signal intensities at each distance for each of the examined energies revealed a biological Bragg curve profile with a pattern of DNA damage intensity similar to the physical Bragg curve for the particular energy. Deconvolution microscopy of nuclei with streaked or saturated nuclear damage pattern revealed more details of the damage, with evidence of double-strand breaks radially distributed from the main particle track as well as multiple discrete tracks within saturated damage nuclei. Conclusions These 3-D culture systems can be used as a biological substrate to better understand the interaction of heavy charged particles of different energies with tissue and could serve as a basis to model space-radiation-induced cancer initiation and progression.

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Radiobiological problems in space

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Bubble detector characterization for space radiation

Bubble detector characterization for space radiation

DNA Double-Strand Breaks Induced by High-Energy Neon and Iron Ions in Human Fibroblasts. I. Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Method

DNA damage intensity in fibroblasts in a 3-dimensional collagen matrix correlates with the Bragg curve energy distribution of a high LET particle

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