Radioactivity

Kalač, Pavel

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817565-1.00005-4

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Higher mercury levels were detected in caps than in stems. This fact verifies the hypothesis stated by Kalač [ 18 ], that usually higher levels occur in caps than in stems.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, the efficiency of the element accumulation does not always depend on their content in a soil/substrate, but the element contents in such cases depend on mushroom species, genus, or the families to which they belong [ 36 ]. In this line, Kalač [ 18 ] pointed out the hypothesis that the increasing age of mycelium, up to decades in wild-growing species, and a protracted interval between fructifications significantly elevate the contents of many elements in fruiting bodies and usually higher levels occur in caps than in stems. In the present study, the mercury content in mushroom stems varied from 0.03 to 2.00 mg kg −1 DW.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mercury ranks among the most frequently determined elements in mushrooms. M. procera and some other species are mercury bioaccumulators [ 18 ]. After entering the human body, mercury exerts a variety of adverse effects on human body organs, e.g., kidney, liver, respiratory system, skin, nervous systems and immune system, reproductive and developmental defects, genotoxicities, and cardiovascular disorders [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mercury in Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer and Its Underlying Substrate—Environmental and Health Risks Assessment

Jančo

Šnirc

Hauptvogl

et al. 2021

JoF

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Wild-growing edible mushrooms are valuable food with a high content of proteins, fibers, antioxidants, and they are characterized by their specific taste and flavor. However, from an ecotoxicological point of view, they are a risk commodity because of their extremely high bioaccumulative capacity to accumulate the risk elements and contaminants from the environment. In the present study, we examined mercury (Hg) contamination in 230 fruiting bodies of Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer and 230 soil/substrate samples, which were collected in foraging seasons 2015–2019 from 22 different locations in Slovakia. Total mercury content was determined by cold-vapor AAS analyzer AMA 254. The level of contamination and environmental risks were assessed by contamination factor (Cf), index of geoaccumulation (Igeo), and potential environmental risk index (PER). Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was calculated for individual anatomical parts of M. procera. Mercury content in the soil/substrate samples varied between 0.02 and 0.89 mg kg−1 DW, and in mushroom samples between 0.03 and 2.83 mg kg−1 DW (stems), and between 0.04 and 6.29 mg kg−1 DW (caps). The obtained results were compared with the provisional tolerable weekly intake for Hg defined by WHO to determine a health risk resulting from regular and long-term consumption of M. procera.

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“…Higher mercury levels were detected in caps than in stems. This fact verifies the hypothesis stated by Kalač [ 18 ], that usually higher levels occur in caps than in stems.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mercury in Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer and Its Underlying Substrate—Environmental and Health Risks Assessment

Jančo

Šnirc

Hauptvogl

et al. 2021

JoF

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“…Taking into account the average consumption of “Other vegetables including mushrooms” which was 0.18 kg FW per person per week in Slovakia in 2020 [ 29 ] the %PTWI was calculated as follows:

where:

is the measured content of Hg in the biological sample (mg kg −1 of fresh weight (FW) in mushrooms). The fresh weight of the mushrooms was calculated providing that the dry matter represented 10% of the mushroom fruiting body [ 20 , 30 ]. If the detected value was greater than 100%, the consumption of mushroom samples from the area would be potentially hazardous.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence and accumulation of MeHg in the environment are mainly a result of mercury methylation driven by anaerobic microorganisms [ 19 ]. The usual contents of mercury in wild-growing mushrooms range between <0.5 and 5.0 mg kg −1 DW and some species, e.g., Macrolepiota procera have been reported to be mercury bioaccumulators [ 20 ]. From an environmental point of view, mushrooms have a positive impact on increasing soil fertility through their ability to break down and dissolve complex compounds into simple ones, and their ability to reduce or eliminate environmental pollutants [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment of the Wild Edible Leccinum Mushrooms Consumption According to the Total Mercury Content

Šnirc

Jančo

Hauptvogl

et al. 2023

JoF

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Wild-growing edible mushrooms contain many biologically valuable substances. However, they are considered a risk commodity due to their extremely high capacity for bioaccumulation of potential risk elements and pollutants from the environment. Four bolete mushrooms from the genus Leccinum were collected from 16 forested areas of Slovakia from June to October 2019. The total mercury content in soil and fruiting body parts was determined by an AMA-254 Advanced Mercury Analyzer. Soil pollution by total mercury was evaluated by contamination factor (Cfi). Bioaccumulation factor (BCF), translocation factor (Qc/s), percentage of provisional tolerable weekly intake (%PTWI), and target hazard quotient (THQ) were used to describe and compare uptake and transition abilities of mushrooms, and the health risk arising from consumption of the mushrooms. Total mercury content varied between 0.05 to 0.61 mg kg−1 DW in the soil/substrate samples, and between 0.16 and 5.82 (caps), and 0.20 and 3.50 mg kg−1 DW (stems) in fruiting body samples. None of the analyzed locations represented a health risk based on %PTWI values, however, three locations may pose a significant health risk from the perspective of THQ values.

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Mineral composition of elements in wood-growing mushroom species collected from of two regions of Poland

Mleczek

Gąsecka

Budka

et al. 2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The study monitored the content of 55 elements in 21 wood-growing mushroom species collected between 2013 and 2019 from Lower and Upper Silesia in Poland. Only 27 of the elements (Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, In, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Pr, Pt, Rh, Sr, Ti, Tm, V, Y, Zn, and Zr) were detected in all mushroom species, while others (As, Au, B, Be, Bi, Ce, Co, Cr, Dy, Er, Eu, Ga, Gd, Ge, Hf, Ho, Ir, Li, Lu, Mo, Os, Pb, Rb, Re, Ru, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Tb, Te, Th, Tl, Tm, U, and Yb) were below the limit of detection in the fruit bodies of at least one species. Wide ranges for major elements in the whole population of all the mushroom species were as follows: 15.4–470 (Ca), 6580–44,600 (K), 314–2150 (Mg), 38.0–319 (Na), and 1100–15,500 (P) mg kg−1 dm, respectively. The rank sum revealed that M. giganteus fruit bodies were the most enriched with all detectable elements, while A. mellea had the lowest content of the majority of elements. Mushrooms belonging to the Hymenochaetaceae family were characterized as some of the most enriched with the studied elements, while mushrooms of the Fomitopsidaceae family had the lowest content of elements. Similarities as well as differences between the obtained results and the available literature data confirm the important role of both mushroom species and the tree on which the fungus has grown.

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Radioactivity

Cited by 20 publications

References 67 publications

Mercury in Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer and Its Underlying Substrate—Environmental and Health Risks Assessment

Mercury in Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer and Its Underlying Substrate—Environmental and Health Risks Assessment

Risk Assessment of the Wild Edible Leccinum Mushrooms Consumption According to the Total Mercury Content

Mineral composition of elements in wood-growing mushroom species collected from of two regions of Poland

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