Radioactivity of Drinking-Water in the Vicinity of Nuclear Power Plants in China Based on a Large-Scale Monitoring Study

Miao, Xiao-Xiang; Ji, Yanqin; Shao, Xianzhang; Wang, Huanhuan; Sun, Qiang; Xu, Shengyuan

doi:10.3390/ijerph10126863

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The AED induced by the ingestion of water is related to the annual consumption volume of water, which varies by age and region 14 . In the previous studies, because of the shortage of data for the Chinese annual ingestion volume of drinking water, the WHO-recommended volume of drinking water for adults was employed for the calculation of AED regardless of the differences in age and area 10 , 14 , 42 . In this study, age-dependent annual effective dose ( AED i ) was calculated and combined with detailed consumption volumes of different age groups in Haiyan.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term investigation of environmental radioactivity levels and public health around the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China

Cao

Jiang

Zhai

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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To evaluate the impact of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant (Qinshan NPP) in normal operation on the surrounding environment and population, the radioactivity levels of drinking water and the ambient environment, as well as the residents’ cancer incidence, were continuously monitored for a period of 9 years (2012–2020). All of the gross α and β radioactivity concentrations in drinking water were less than the WHO recommended values (0.5 Bq/L for gross α and 1 Bq/L for gross β). The results of ambient environment accumulated dose monitored by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) indicated that the ambient environment radioactive level around the Qinshan NPP is consistently at natural background radiation levels. The age-dependent annual effective doses due to the ingestion of tap water or exposure to the outdoor ambient environment are lower than the reference dose of 0.1 mSv/year. The corresponding excess risks are at relatively low levels. Thus, the consumption of drinking water and outdoor activities are not expected to give rise to any detectable adverse effects on the health of the public around the Qinshan NPP. For all cancers combined, the age-standardized incidence rate by the Chinese 2000 standard population of the inhabitants living around Qinshan NPP is consistent with that of Zhejiang Province as a whole. Based on current radiation risk estimates, radiation exposure is not a plausible explanation for any excess cancers observed in the vicinity of the Qinshan NPP.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term investigation of environmental radioactivity levels and public health around the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China

Cao

Jiang

Zhai

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…In 2013 Xiao-Xiang Miao et al collected water samples from the vicinity of the nuclear facility of seven provinces of PR. China for the assessment of radiation content in it (Miao et al, 2013). They found gross alpha and Beta (α & β) values in various water samples less than the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits of 0:5BqL À1 or 1:0BqL À1 respectively.…”

Section: Summary Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of low-level background radioactivity studies conducted from 2000 to date in people Republic of China

Khan

Sun

Lewis

2020

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

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About 87% of the total dose received by the general public is due to naturally existing radioactive nuclides. Long-term exposure to the relatively long half-life radioactive elements (including Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium) and their decay products pose severe health threats to the population including lung cancer. The related available data has been collected from numerous studies conducted in China over the last two decades. Several studies have been conducted to determine the radioactive content of primordial Uranium-238, Thorium-232, Radium-226, Potassium-40, and anthropogenic Cesium-137 radionuclides in building materials, soil samples from cultivated lands, fertilizers used for reformation of soil, ash (fly, bottom) from coal fired power plant, water for irrigation and dietary items by means of High Purity Germanium HPGe or Sodium Iodide NaI (Tl) detectors. The radium equivalent activity ðRa eq Þof all the studied materials was found to be less than 370 Bq/kg except in soil from Baoji coal fired power plant (CFPP), building materials from Weinan, Xing, Fly ash from Xiangyang and coal-bearing strata from East china. The glazed tiles from Guandong, Xhaanxi, Shandong, and Zhejiang with Ra eq > 370 Bq/kg, Gamma Index ðI γ Þ > 6, corresponding to a γdose rate higher than the permissible limit of 1 mSv/yr. The volume of the gathered data is vast and scattered, and it is required to compile all data regarding the natural as well as man-made radioactivity in China. The main goal of this paper is to establish a nationwide baseline data on natural radioactivity levels by reviewing and compiling the outcomes of the conducted studies within the entire country.

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“…The AED induced by the ingestion of water is related to the annual consumption volume of water, which varies by age and region 12 . In the previous studies, because of the shortage of data for the Chinese annual ingestion volume of drinking water, the WHO-recommended volume of drinking water for adults was employed for the calculation of AED regardless of the differences in age and area 8,12,35 . In this study, agedependent annual effective dose (AEDi) was calculated and combined with detailed consumption volumes of different age groups in Haiyan.…”

Section: Radioactivity Concentrations Of Gross α and β Of The Drinking Water Sample And The Longterm Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impacts of NPPs during operation have been studied in China [8][9][10][11][12][13] and many other countries [14][15][16][17] . Some of these studies focus on radioactive levels of environmental samples, such as drinking water, food, soil and air, and radiation doses of people living around NPPs, while other studies focus on population health risk and cancer incidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of Long-Term Radiation Safety in the Vicinity of Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China

Cao¹,

Lin²,

Zhai³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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To evaluate the impact of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant (Qinshan NPP) in normal operation on the surrounding environment and population, the radioactivity levels of drinking water and the ambient environment, as well as the residents’ cancer incidence, were continuously monitored for a period of 9 years (2012-2020). All of the gross α and β radioactivity concentrations in drinking water were less than the WHO recommended values (0.5 Bq/L for gross α and 1 Bq/L for gross β). The results of ambient environment accumulated dose monitored by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) indicated that the ambient environment radioactive level around Qinshan NPP is consistently at natural background radiation levels. The age-dependent annual effective doses due to the ingestion of tap water or exposure to the outdoor ambient environment are lower than the reference dose of 0.1 mSv/y. The corresponding excess risks are at relatively low levels. Thus, the consumption of drinking water and outdoor activities are not expected to give rise to any detectable adverse effects on the health of the public around the Qinshan NPP. For all cancers combined, the age-standardized incidence rate by the Chinese 2000 standard population of the inhabitants living around Qinshan NPP is consistent with that of Zhejiang Province as a whole. No excess incidence of leukaemia was observed around the Qinshan NPP. The incidence of thyroid cancer is high and increasing, but it is also in line with the increasing trends in Zhejiang Province and all of China. Based on current radiation risk estimates, radiation exposure is not a plausible explanation for any excess cancers observed in the vicinity of the Qinshan NPP.

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Radioactivity of Drinking-Water in the Vicinity of Nuclear Power Plants in China Based on a Large-Scale Monitoring Study

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Long-term investigation of environmental radioactivity levels and public health around the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China

Long-term investigation of environmental radioactivity levels and public health around the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China

Review of low-level background radioactivity studies conducted from 2000 to date in people Republic of China

Comprehensive Evaluation of Long-Term Radiation Safety in the Vicinity of Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, China

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