Radioactivity Investigation In Water of Tigris River in Salah Al-Din Governorate, Iraq

Abstract

The spacific activity of naturally radionuclides (226Ra, 212Pb, and 40K) in water samples of Tigris river was tested using a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector at 30 separate locations in tigris river in Iraq’s Salah Al-Din Governorate. The activity concentrations of activity of 226Ra, 212Pb, 137Cs, and 40K ranged from ( 0.056, 0.702, 0.15, 105.12 Bq/L ) to ( 805.6, 75.12, 27.6, 1149.4 Bq/L ), with an average of ( 315.6, 30.8, 12.04, and 509.2 Bq/L) respectively. The average The radium equivalent activity was found to be (397.4 Bg/kg). The absorbed dose rate in air for the samples was also investigated, and its averagr of (185.6 nGyh-1). For one year, the outdoor annual effective doses with an average of (0.23mSv/y), and the indoor annual effective doses with an average of (0.911mSv/y). The external hazard indices, as well as the internal hazard indices, were found to be more than one higher than the global limit, with average values of 2.04 and 2.89, respectively, higher than the global limit. The International Commission on Radiological Safety and Ionizing Radiation’s Biological Effects Radiation risk factors is used to measure the excess lifetime cancer risk.

Oral and dermal exposure to natural radionuclides and heavy metals in water and sediments of Nile River, Qena, southern Egypt

“…The samples were filtered with filter paper to remove suspended particles and acidified to a pH of ≤ 2 using HNO3 drops. The samples were then filled in sealed 1.4-L Marinelli containers 11 , 12 .

Figure 1 Sampling sites along Nile River from Qena governorate, south Egypt (ArcGIS software 10.8.1; ArcGIS Online).

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The Nature of the Composition of the Fish Community in One of the Drains of Al-Alam District – Salah Al-Din – Iraq

“…[10] It was found that the water temperature ranged between 12.5 -28.5 Cº in the Tigris-Tikrit River. [11] indicated that the water temperature ranged between 10-25 Cº in the Tigris-Tikrit River in the area between Al-Hamra and Al-Zalaya. The water temperature of the Tigris River in the area between Al-Mahzam and Al-Zalaya ranged from( 10-25) ° C [12 [ 6 ] It was found that the water temperature of the Tigris River north and south of Samarra Dam ranged between 9-30 °C and the lowest degree was in January.…”

“…[10] found that it ranged between 6.7-8.0 in the Tigris-Tikrit River. [11] recorded pH values that ranged between 6.3-8.3. [12] indicated that its range ranged between 6.3 -8.5 for the waters of the Tigris River in the area confined between the Al-Mahzam area to Al-Zalaya.…”

“…In the districts of Shirqat, Baiji, and Tikrit [10], he noticed a correlation between water temperature, transparency, and dissolved oxygen in the Tikrit region. In the confined area between Al-Mahzam and Al-Zalaya [11], he noticed that the water of the Tigris River is slightly saline, as its value ranged between 0.2-0.6 mg/liter. In the area confined between the fascicle and the synapse [12], which observed a correlation of dissolved oxygen with both the cloudiness and the total alkalinity.…”