Radioactive contamination of the soils of Georgia

Urushadze, T. F.; Манахов, Д. В.

doi:10.1016/j.aasci.2017.07.009

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Activity concentrations range from: 580 ± 80 to 4940 ± 610 Bq kg −1 for 137 Cs, 0.37 ± 0.04 to 2.52 ± 0.20 Bq kg −1 for 238 Pu, 10.0 ± 0.7 to 107.3 ± 6.9 Bq kg −1 for 239+240 Pu, 8.1 ± 0.4 to 68.3 ± 4.3 Bq kg −1 for 241 Am and 23 ± 2 to 97 ± 8 Bq kg −1 for 90 Sr ( 137 Cs and 90 Sr decay corrected to 15 August 2014, the sampling date). Data about artificial radionuclides in this region are scarce and poorly investigated, especially in case of 241 Am and 90 Sr, and only three papers 36 – 38 report Pu and Am measurements in the Black Sea region. High values for 137 Cs contaminations were observed in soils from West Georgia with the maximum value of 1279 Bq kg −1 39 , but Urushadze and Manakhov (2017) 36 reported activity concentrations of 137 Cs significantly lower (maximum value is 144 Bq kg −1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data about artificial radionuclides in this region are scarce and poorly investigated, especially in case of 241 Am and 90 Sr, and only three papers 36 – 38 report Pu and Am measurements in the Black Sea region. High values for 137 Cs contaminations were observed in soils from West Georgia with the maximum value of 1279 Bq kg −1 39 , but Urushadze and Manakhov (2017) 36 reported activity concentrations of 137 Cs significantly lower (maximum value is 144 Bq kg −1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The sources of high airborne radioactivity in cryoconite holes from the Caucasus (Georgia)

Łokas

Zawierucha

Cwanek

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Cryoconite granules are mixtures of mineral particles, organic substances and organisms on the surface of glaciers where they decrease the ice albedo and are responsible for formation of water-filled holes. The contaminants are effectively trapped in the cryoconite granules and stay there for many years. This study evaluates the contamination level of artificial and natural radionuclides in cryoconite holes from Adishi glacier (Georgia) and identifies the sources of contamination based on activity or mass ratios among artificial radionuclides. Results revealed high activity concentrations of fallout radionuclides reaching 4900 Bq/kg, 2.5 Bq/kg, 107 Bq/kg and 68 Bq/kg for 137Cs, 238Pu, 239+240Pu and 241Am, respectively. The main source of Pu is global fallout, but the low 240Pu/239Pu atomic ratios also indicated local tropospheric source of 239Pu, probably from the Kapustin Yar nuclear test site. Also, high activity ratios of 241Am/239+240Pu could originate from Kapustin Yar. The natural radionuclides originate from the surrounding rocks and were measured to control the environmental processes. 210Pb in cryoconite granules comes predominantly from the atmospheric deposition, and its activity concentrations reach high values up to 12000 Bq/kg.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sources of high airborne radioactivity in cryoconite holes from the Caucasus (Georgia)

Łokas

Zawierucha

Cwanek

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…To allow for comparison and to reach more conclusiveness, all radiation related measurements were converted into equal physical units (Ci/km 2 ). Consequently, the selected studies mentioned four regions among officially designated 22 different levels of (non-affected, weak, low, and heavy) radioactive contamination in the territories, with less than 1 Ci/km 2 (<37 kBq/m 2 ); 1–5 Ci/km 2 (37–185 kBq/m 2 ), 5–15 Ci/km 2 (185–555 kBq/m 2 ), and 15–40 Ci/km 2 (555–1480 kBq/m 2 ), respectively. Accordingly, six studies reported on populations residing in the areas of heavy contamination 12,14,16,18–20 while the remaining studies were conducted in areas of low 15 and weak contamination 9,13 , respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the caries prevalence among children living in Chernobyl fallout countries

Wolgin

Filina

Shakavets

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The present study analyzed the data concerning the caries prevalence in children born and permanently residing in Chernobyl fallout areas. Setting forth to evaluate if differences regarding the caries prevalence can be observed compared to non-contaminated sites of affected East European countries. Methods used to assess the caries prevalence were limited to DMFT/dmft (decayed, missing and filled teeth) for the primary and the permanent dentitions. The databases PubMed, EMBASE/Ovid, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and eLIBRARY were consulted for the electronic literature search. Screening of titles and abstracts followed the MOOSE guidelines, while data extraction and the assessment of the full texts were performed in accordance to the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. The statistical analysis revealed considerable heterogeneity of DMFT/dmft values (from I2 = 94% up to I2 = 99.9%; p < 0.05) in children of different ages (5–7; 12–15; and average of 12 years). Scattering of the weighted mean differences (95% CI) ranged from −1.03 (−1.36; −0.7) to 6.51 (6.11; 6.91). Although individual studies demonstrated a greater prevalence of dental caries in children residing in radiation-contaminated areas, no conclusive statement is possible regarding the effect of small dose radiation on the dentition. Hence, further high-quality epidemiologic investigations are needed.

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“…Furthermore, alluvial forest-meadow soils are non-carbon, light, medium and heavy loams, and alluvial meadow marshy soils differ in being sandy or clayey. On old river terraces the soils are usually Podzolic-glei (Gleic Podzol) or Podzolic (Distric Podzoluvisols) (Urushadze 1997).…”

Section: Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and invasiveness of four non-native species of plants in ecosystems in the Chorokhi delta (SW Georgia)

Mikeladze,

Manvelidze,

Tsiskaridze

et al. 2023

European Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Chorokhi Delta is known for its high diversity and many habitats, which however are being threatened by invasive plants. Here, the effects of four invasive species of plants, namely Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Sicyos angulatus, Solidago canadensis and Verbena brasiliensis were studied. These species were recorded in the coastal area of the Black Sea and in particular in Georgia for the first time in the first half of the last century and S. angulatus is a very recent arrival. Currently, these species constitute a significant threat to biodiversity at local, national and global levels. These invasive species were monitored from 2021 to 2022. During this period, sites with high densities of the invasive species were identified. For each species, 5 transects were randomly set, and along each of them, 10 plots (1 × 1 m) were surveyed. The density, frequency, coverage and average height of the invasive plants were measured in each plot. These measurements were recorded twice per year for two years (2021–2022). All this information will be used to develop management plans aimed at preventing their further spread or control their abundance. The results indicate that Ambrosia artemisiifolia is the most invasive and widely distributed. Verbena brasiliensis and Sicyos angulatus are also highly competitive species that can seriously affect semi-natural habitats in the Chorokhi Delta and in agricultural land located close to the Delta. Unlike these species, Solidago canadensis is not widely distributed in the area studied. However, its ability to survive in a wide range of habitats and clonal growth indicate that it is potentially a highly dangerous invasive species, which in the future is expected to expand its range and severely affect the semi-natural ecosystems and agricultural land in the Chorokhi Delta. The results of the present study demonstrate the high adaptability of the species studied and their potential for spreading further in the near future.

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Radioactive contamination of the soils of Georgia

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

The sources of high airborne radioactivity in cryoconite holes from the Caucasus (Georgia)

The sources of high airborne radioactivity in cryoconite holes from the Caucasus (Georgia)

A systematic review of the caries prevalence among children living in Chernobyl fallout countries

Distribution and invasiveness of four non-native species of plants in ecosystems in the Chorokhi delta (SW Georgia)

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