Radio Frequency Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Hydrogenated TiO2-x/Ni Foam as an Efficient Photocatalyst

Gao, Wenye; He, Tao; Zhao, Kun; Yu, Xu; Zhang, Jing

doi:10.1007/s11090-021-10185-4

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Radio-frequency (RF) atmospheric pressure (AP) plasma [29][30][31] overcomes these problems, requiring neither pressure vessels nor pumps. Our group [32,33] hydrogenated TiO 2 films via RF AP plasma, and the resulting H-TiO 2 films presented enhanced absorption in the visible light region and good methylene blue degradation ability. Hydrogen plasma effectively introduces oxygen vacancies (OVs) into the TiO 2 lattice [26,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

An ultraviolet photodetector based on conductive hydrogenated TiO₂ film prepared by radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma

Zhang,

Wang,

Cui

et al. 2024

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The growing demand for real-time ultraviolet (UV) monitoring calls for a simple, rapid, and low-cost strategy to prepare UV photodetectors (PDs). We prepare a wearable real-time UV PD based on hydrogenated titanium dioxide film synthesized by radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma. The conductivity of our hydrogenated titanium dioxide is improved to 10.2 S cm−1, nine orders of magnitude higher than that of pristine titanium dioxide after 10 min plasma treatment. Plasma hydrogenation disrupts the surface crystal structure, introducing oxygen vacancies (OVs) that create self-doped titanium(III) and titanium(II) species. First-principles calculations indicate that the OVs raise the Fermi level of TiO2 and distort the lattice locally. Our optimized film has a distinctive periodic switching characteristic under intermittent illumination; its responsivity is good from 280 to 400 nm, peaking at 632.35 mA W−1 at 365 nm. The fabricated wearable sensor based on the optimized film effectively monitors the daily variation of ambient UV intensity in three typical weather types, transferring its data to a smartphone via Wi-Fi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

An ultraviolet photodetector based on conductive hydrogenated TiO₂ film prepared by radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma

Zhang,

Wang,

Cui

et al. 2024

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Furthermore, when suitable catalysts are added during plasma NF, it can improve NF efficiency and reduce energy consumption. [ 12,27–33 ] However, this is related to surface chemistry and catalyst chemistry. Moreover, our current comprehension of the mechanisms by which these catalysts operate remains limited, primarily drawing from conventional chemical reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma for nitrogen fixation by using N₂/O₂ mixture: Reaction pathway, energy flow, and plasma reactor

Liu,

Nie,

Liu

et al. 2023

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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When N2/O2 mixture is used for nitrogen fixation (NF), researchers believe that the Zeldovich mechanism is the main pathway for NO formation. However, there is still debate on whether N2 participates in the Zeldovich mechanism through vibrational excitation or electronic excitation of the N2(A) state. This ambiguity has led to uncertainty regarding which type of plasma can achieve higher efficiency. Furthermore, the most significant obstacle to plasma‐assisted NF is the high energy consumption. Gaining a deeper understanding of the energy flow in the discharge process is crucial for improving NF energy efficiency in the future. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of the research on these topics. Finally, various new plasma NF devices reported in recent years will also be discussed.

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“…Atmospheric pressure (AP) plasma has also been used to prepare black TiO 2 and has shown high hydrogenation efficiency, reducing equipment and handling costs [25]. In our previous work [26], TiO 2 coated on Ni foam was successfully hydrogenated by RF AP He/H 2 plasma within a short time (5 min). The prepared black TiO 2 film presented good visible light absorption and photocatalytic activity in MB degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From these previous works, it can be seen that high pressure or AP H 2 thermal treatment usually takes a long time and generates both bulk and surface defects [27,28], while plasma hydrogenation is mainly a surface activated process (high-energy species bombardment) and creates surface defects effectively without deterioration of the bulk [20,21]. However, the temperature of RF AP plasma discharge usually reaches several hundred degrees Celsius without external heating [26]. Hence, the effects of high-energy species bombardment and high temperature on TiO 2 hydrogenation are coupled together for RF AP plasma hydrogenation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma and thermal treatment on the hydrogenation of TiO₂ thin film

Wang

et al. 2023

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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The effects of radio frequency (RF) atmospheric pressure (AP) He/H2 plasma and thermal treatment on the hydrogenation of TiO2 thin films were investigated and compared in this work. The color of the original TiO2 film changes from white to black after being hydrogenated in He/H2 plasma at 160 W (gas temperature ~ 381 °C) within 5 min. While the color of the thermal treated TiO2 film did not change obviously even in pure H2 or He/H2 atmosphere with higher temperature (470 °C) and longer time (30 min). This indicated that a more effective hydrogenation reaction happened through RF AP He/H2 plasma than through pure H2 or He/H2 thermal treatment. The color change of TiO2 film was measured based on CIE L*a*b* color space system. Hydrogenated TiO2 film displayed improved visible light absorbance with plasma power. The morphology of the cauliflower-like nanoparticles of the TiO2 film surface remained unchanged after plasma process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that the content of Ti3+ species and Ti-OH bonds in the plasma hydrogenated black TiO2 increased comparing with the thermal treated TiO2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and Raman spectra indicated that plasma would destroy crystal structure of TiO2 surface layer, while thermal annealing would increase the overall crystallinity. The different trends of XRD and Raman results suggested that plasma modification on TiO2 surface layer is more drastic than on its inner layer, which was also consistent with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results. Optical emission spectra (OES) results suggest that numerous active species were generated in RF He/H2 plasma, while there were not any peaks detected in thermal processing. A possible mechanism about TiO2 hydrogenation process by plasma has been proposed. Numerous active species were generated in the bulk plasma region, accelerated in the sheath region, and bumped toward TiO2 film, which will react with TiO2 surface to form oxygen vacancies and disordered layers. This leads to the tailoring of the band gap of black TiO2 and causes its light absorption to extend into the visible region.

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Radio Frequency Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Hydrogenated TiO2-x/Ni Foam as an Efficient Photocatalyst

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

An ultraviolet photodetector based on conductive hydrogenated TiO₂ film prepared by radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma

An ultraviolet photodetector based on conductive hydrogenated TiO₂ film prepared by radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma

Plasma for nitrogen fixation by using N₂/O₂ mixture: Reaction pathway, energy flow, and plasma reactor

The effects of radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma and thermal treatment on the hydrogenation of TiO₂ thin film

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Radio Frequency Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Hydrogenated TiO2-x/Ni Foam as an Efficient Photocatalyst

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

An ultraviolet photodetector based on conductive hydrogenated TiO2 film prepared by radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma

An ultraviolet photodetector based on conductive hydrogenated TiO2 film prepared by radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma

Plasma for nitrogen fixation by using N2/O2 mixture: Reaction pathway, energy flow, and plasma reactor

The effects of radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma and thermal treatment on the hydrogenation of TiO2 thin film

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

An ultraviolet photodetector based on conductive hydrogenated TiO₂ film prepared by radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma

An ultraviolet photodetector based on conductive hydrogenated TiO₂ film prepared by radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma

Plasma for nitrogen fixation by using N₂/O₂ mixture: Reaction pathway, energy flow, and plasma reactor

The effects of radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma and thermal treatment on the hydrogenation of TiO₂ thin film