Radio for hidden-photon dark matter detection

Chaudhuri, Saptarshi; Graham, Peter W.; Irwin, K. D.; Mardon, Jeremy; Rajendran, Surjeet; Zhao, Yue

doi:10.1103/physrevd.92.075012

Cited by 195 publications

(277 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…If so, over a wide range of masses 10 −12 − 10 −3 eV, a cosmological abundance of such particles can be detected using well developed electromagnetic resonator technologies as suggested in [12,18,48]. The estimated reach of such experiments is plotted in figure 6.…”

Section: Dark Matter Phenomenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This would cause the vector field to couple weakly to charged Standard Model particles, enabling detection of the dark matter with various proposed or existing experimental setups operating in different mass ranges [12,[16][17][18][19]. In particular, a relatively high scale of inflation would put the vector in the optimal mass range for the experiment recently proposed in [18]. This experiment would take advantage of the fact that the vector field is coherently oscillating at a fixed frequency (set by its mass), to cover a wide range of possible vector masses with high sensitivity (see Fig.…”

Section: Executive Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vector dark matter from inflationary fluctuations

2016

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We calculate the production of a massive vector boson by quantum fluctuations during inflation.This gives a novel dark-matter production mechanism quite distinct from misalignment or thermal production. While scalars and tensors are typically produced with a nearly scale-invariant spectrum, surprisingly the vector is produced with a power spectrum peaked at intermediate wavelengths. Thus dangerous, long-wavelength, isocurvature perturbations are suppressed. Further, at long wavelengths the vector inherits the usual adiabatic, nearly scale-invariant perturbations of the inflaton, allowing it to be a good dark matter candidate. The final abundance can be calculated precisely from the mass and the Hubble scale of inflation, HI . Saturating the dark matter abundance we find a prediction for the mass m ≈ 10 −5 eV×(10 14 GeV/HI ) 4 . High-scale inflation, potentially observable in the CMB, motivates an exciting mass range for recently proposed direct detection experiments for hidden photon dark matter. Such experiments may be able to reconstruct the distinctive, peaked power spectrum, verifying that the dark matter was produced by quantum fluctuations during inflation and providing a direct measurement of the scale of inflation. Thus a detection would not only be the discovery of dark matter, it would also provide an unexpected probe of inflation itself.

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Section: Dark Matter Phenomenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Executive Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector dark matter from inflationary fluctuations

2016

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“…In this case, the kinetic mixing can induce a hidden magnetic dipole moment down from the standard model value for each fermion by a factor of ε. Inside a shield, the hidden photon dark matter looks like an effective magnetic field [37]. Thus all comagnetometry is not useful and we would simply have to rely on magnetic shielding to distinguish this from background magnetic noise, which is nontrivial.…”

Section: Vector Couplingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This coupling can cause anomalous oscillating electromagnetic effects that have been the subject of other experiments [36,37]. This kinetic mixing coupling term can be diagonalized into the form…”

Section: Vector Couplingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin precession experiments for light axionic dark matter

et al. 2018

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Axionlike particles are promising candidates to make up the dark matter of the Universe, but it is challenging to design experiments that can detect them over their entire allowed mass range. Dark matter in general, and, in particular, axionlike particles and hidden photons, can be as light as roughly 10 −22 eV (∼10 −8 Hz), with astrophysical anomalies providing motivation for the lightest masses ("fuzzy dark matter"). We propose experimental techniques for direct detection of axionlike dark matter in the mass range from roughly 10 −13 eV (∼10 2 Hz) down to the lowest possible masses. In this range, these axionlike particles act as a time-oscillating magnetic field coupling only to spin, inducing effects such as a timeoscillating torque and periodic variations in the spin-precession frequency with the frequency and direction of these effects set by the axion field. We describe how these signals can be measured using existing experimental technology, including torsion pendulums, atomic magnetometers, and atom interferometry. These experiments demonstrate a strong discovery capability, with future iterations of these experiments capable of pushing several orders of magnitude past current astrophysical bounds.

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“…The detection of a 20 pm amplitude resulting from a 100 ms coherent drive on the 1.57 MHz COM mode is sensitive to a force/ion of 5×10 −5 yN corresponding to an electric field of 0.35 nV/m. Electric field sensing below ∼ 1 nV/m enables searches for hidden-photon dark matter [32,33], although shielding effects must be carefully considered. Ion traps typically operate with frequencies ω z /2π between 50 kHz and 5 MHz, providing a sensitivity to hidden-photon masses from 2 × 10 −10 eV to 2 × 10 −8 eV.…”

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confidence: 99%

Amplitude Sensing below the Zero-Point Fluctuations with a Two-Dimensional Trapped-Ion Mechanical Oscillator

et al. 2017

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We present a technique to measure the amplitude of a center-of-mass (COM) motion of a twodimensional ion crystal of ∼100 ions. By sensing motion at frequencies far from the COM resonance frequency, we experimentally determine the technique's measurement imprecision. We resolve amplitudes as small as 50 pm, 40 times smaller than the COM mode zero-point fluctuations. The technique employs a spin-dependent, optical-dipole force to couple the mechanical oscillation to the electron spins of the trapped ions, enabling a measurement of one quadrature of the COM motion through a readout of the spin state. We demonstrate sensitivity limits set by spin projection noise and spin decoherence due to off-resonant light scattering. When performed on resonance with the COM mode frequency, the technique demonstrated here can enable the detection of extremely weak forces (< 1 yN) and electric fields (< 1 nV/m), providing an opportunity to probe quantum sensing limits and search for physics beyond the standard model.Measuring the amplitude of mechanical oscillators has engaged physicists for more than 50 years [1, 2] and, as the limits of amplitude sensing have dramatically improved, produced exciting advances both in fundamental physics and in applied work. Examples include the detection of gravitational waves [3], the coherent quantum control of mesoscopic objects [4], improved force microscopy [5], and the transduction of quantum signals [6]. During the past decade, optomechanical systems have facilitated increasingly sensitive techniques for reading out the amplitude of a mechanical oscillator [7][8][9][10][11], with a recent demonstration obtaining a measurement imprecision more than two orders of magnitude below z ZP T , the amplitude of the ground-state zero-point fluctuations [12]. Optomechanical systems have assumed a wide range of physical systems, including toroidal resonators, nanobeams, and membranes, but the basic principle involves coupling the amplitude of a mechanical oscillator to the resonant frequency of an optical cavity mode [4].Crystals of laser-cooled, trapped ions behave as atomic-scale mechanical oscillators [13][14][15] with tunable oscillator modes and high quality factors (∼10 6 ). Furthermore, laser cooling enables ground-state cooling and non-thermal state generation of these oscillators. Trapped-ion crystals therefore provide an ideal experimental platform for investigating the fundamental limits of amplitude sensing. Prior work has demonstrated the detection of coherently driven amplitudes larger than the zero-point fluctuations of the trapped ion oscillator [14][15][16], and reported impressive force sensing by injection locking an optically amplified oscillation of a single trapped ion [17].In this Letter we experimentally and theoretically analyze a technique to measure the center-of-mass (COM) motion of a two-dimensional, trapped-ion crystal of ∼100 ions with a sensitivity below z ZP T . We employ a timevarying spin-dependent force F 0 cos (µt) that couples the amplitude of the COM motion with...

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Radio for hidden-photon dark matter detection

Cited by 195 publications

References 66 publications

Vector dark matter from inflationary fluctuations

Vector dark matter from inflationary fluctuations

Spin precession experiments for light axionic dark matter

Amplitude Sensing below the Zero-Point Fluctuations with a Two-Dimensional Trapped-Ion Mechanical Oscillator

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