Radical Mastectomy with En Bloc in Continuity Resection of the Internal Mammary Lymph Node Chain

Urban, Jerome A.

doi:10.1016/s0039-6109(16)34947-7

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…From 1930 onward, orthovoltage radiotherapy was added to mastectomy in many treatment centers although the radiation dose and size and location of treatment fields varied considerably [12–14]. …”

Section: Radical Mastectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changing Face of Mastectomy (from Mutilation to Aid to Breast Reconstruction)

Zurrida

Bassi

Arnone

et al. 2011

International Journal of Surgical Oncology

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Primary treatment is surgery, with mastectomy as the main treatment for most of the twentieth century. However, over that time, the extent of the procedure varied, and less extensive mastectomies are employed today compared to those used in the past, as excessively mutilating procedures did not improve survival. Today, many women receive breast-conserving surgery, usually with radiotherapy to the residual breast, instead of mastectomy, as it has been shown to be as effective as mastectomy in early disease. The relatively new skin-sparing mastectomy, often with immediate breast reconstruction, improves aesthetic outcomes and is oncologically safe. Nipple-sparing mastectomy is newer and used increasingly, with better acceptance by patients, and again appears to be oncologically safe. Breast reconstruction is an important adjunct to mastectomy, as it has a positive psychological impact on the patient, contributing to improved quality of life.

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Section: Radical Mastectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changing Face of Mastectomy (from Mutilation to Aid to Breast Reconstruction)

Zurrida

Bassi

Arnone

et al. 2011

International Journal of Surgical Oncology

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“…The skin is usually closed primarily. Such an operation became formalised first by Margotini in Italy (Margottini 1952; 1958) and subsequently by Sugarbaker and Urban (Urban & Baker 1952; Sugarbaker 1953; Urban 1964).…”

Section: Beyond Radical Mastectomy – More Extensive Procedures (Extenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast cancer surgery: an historical narrative. Part III. From the sunset of the 19th to the dawn of the 21st century

Sakorafas¹,

Safioleas²

2010

European Journal of Cancer Care

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The 20th century is marked by significant advances regarding the management of breast cancer. A clear trend towards less aggressive surgical operation was constantly noted. Modified radical mastectomy gradually replaced radical mastectomy during the second half of the 20th century, while during the last two decades breast-conservation therapy became the treatment of choice for the treatment of breast cancer. This type of therapy includes segmental mastectomy (either quadrantectomy or lumpectomy) with axillary lymph node dissection, followed by postoperative irradiation. Other significant advances during the 20th century include the introduction of systemic therapy (chemotherapy, hormonal therapy) and radiation therapy. Better patient follow-up, statistical analysis, development of staging systems and the introduction of frozen section, the development and wide use of mammography (including screening mammography), breast reconstruction following mastectomy and the development of newer diagnostic methods [including breast magnetic resonance imaging and the advanced breast biopsy instrumentation (ABBI)] are other advances that contributed to a better management of breast cancer patients. Sentinel lymph node biopsy has been introduced during the 1990 s in an attempt to reduce morbidity due to axillary lymph node dissection. Despite these advances, breast cancer remains a significant problem and represents a field of active and intense research.

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“…Overall survey of the literature shows that, dependent on the location of the tumor, the parasternal nodes may be involved in 20–40 per cent of the cases. Urban (3) agrees with Kaiser that the relatively high percentage of involvement of the parasternal nodes makes their removal essential in any radical mastectomy. Statistics also show that a 60 per cent five‐year cure rate exists when radical mastectomy has included the removal of the parasternal lymph nodes, as compared to a 47 per cent five‐year cure rate when only postoperative radiation accompanied the usual radical mastectomy.…”

Section: Metastasesmentioning

confidence: 72%

Breast Cancer

Iason

Pansky

1959

J American Geriatrics Society

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Radical Mastectomy with En Bloc in Continuity Resection of the Internal Mammary Lymph Node Chain

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

The Changing Face of Mastectomy (from Mutilation to Aid to Breast Reconstruction)

The Changing Face of Mastectomy (from Mutilation to Aid to Breast Reconstruction)

Breast cancer surgery: an historical narrative. Part III. From the sunset of the 19th to the dawn of the 21st century

Breast Cancer

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