This book follows the life of Ivan Aguéli, artist, anarchist, esotericist, and one of the earliest Western intellectuals to convert to Islam and explore Sufism. Examining different aspects of his life and activities, revealing each facet of Aguéli's complex personality in its own right, the authors show how esotericist art and anarchism ultimately found fulfilment in Sufi Islam. Moreover, they analyse how Aguéli's life and conversion demonstrate that Islam has been more central in modern European intellectual history than is generally realized. This volume is conducive to understanding how he came to Islam, the values and influences that informed his life, and his role in modern Western reception of Islam.