“…These include, for example, the formation of Grignard reagents, [5] S RN 1 reactions, [6,7] DNA damage, [8,9] and enzymatic reactions [10] . They are also used for the synthesis of materials [11,12] for various applications and have understandably been intensively investigated both experimentally [5–12] and theoretically [13,14] . Of particular importance is the understanding of the effect of substituents on the formation and subsequent dissociation of radical ions.…”