Radiation use efficiency of maize grown in a cool area

Andrade, Fernando H.; Uhart, Sergio Adolfo; Arguissain, Gustavo Gabriel; Ruiz, R.A.

doi:10.1016/0378-4290(92)90020-a

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Low temperatures reduced RUE for different types of crops (Andrade et al 1992;Bell et al 1992). For example, Andrade et al (1992) showed that the temperature from 15 to 188C during the vegetative period caused low RUE in maize. Also, high temperature (increased respiration sometimes above the rate of photosynthesis) had negative effects on crops (Pastenes and Horton 1996;Monneveux et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excessively high and low temperatures can both result in poor plant growth by slowing down photosynthetic processes (Farquhar et al 1980). Low temperatures reduced RUE for different types of crops (Andrade et al 1992;Bell et al 1992). For example, Andrade et al (1992) showed that the temperature from 15 to 188C during the vegetative period caused low RUE in maize.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of water and temperature stresses on radiation use efficiency in a semi-arid grassland

Bat-Oyun

Shinoda

Tsubo

2012

Journal of Plant Interactions

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Accurate estimation of radiation use efficiency (RUE) is essential in modeling plant productivity, but little information on RUE is available for dry grassland. To quantify the RUE, aboveground biomass (AGB) and photosynthetically active radiation intercepted by plants (IPAR) were measured under different conditions of soil water and air temperature in a Mongolian field for 2 years. A wide range of RUE (0.23Á1.06 g AGB/MJ IPAR) was found in negative association with variations in soil water and low temperature stresses. Compared with the temperature stress, the water stress was a strong down-regulator on RUE, verifying that drought is the major concern on radiation utilization in the study area. The maximum RUE was then found to be 2.3490.16 g AGB/ MJ IPAR by excluding the effects of water and temperature stresses. This study is one of the few assessments on RUE for natural grasslands under various levels of seasonally varying water and temperature conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of water and temperature stresses on radiation use efficiency in a semi-arid grassland

Bat-Oyun

Shinoda

Tsubo

2012

Journal of Plant Interactions

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“…Low temperature after sowing may also be responsible for low RUE in maize (Andrade et al, 1992). In both years, Nancis absorbed slightly more radiation and had slightly greater RUE and CRUE than Sophy (hypothesis a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Capture and Use as Affected by Morphologically Contrasting Maize/Pea in Sole and Intercropping

Kanton¹,

Dennett²

2008

West African Journal of Applied Ecology

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Field experiments were conducted at the Field Unit of the School of Plant Sciences in Reading, UK, during the 2000 and 2001 growing seasons to compare the radiation capture and use efficiency of morphologically and physiologically contrasting maize/pea intercrops with sole crops. The maize cultivars comprised Nancis with erect and Sophy with floppy leaves whilst the peas consisted of Maro, a conventional leaved, and Princess, a semi-leafless cultivar. Radiation capture by the sole and intercrops was measured using a Sunflek Ceptometer (Delta T Devices), with a sensor length of 80 cm. Measurements were taken at four equidistant positions in each plot, 1 m away from the edges of the plot. Before the maize grew above the peas, measurements were taken at the top of the canopy and below. When the canopies were distinct, three measurements were taken, above the canopy, above peas and below the canopy from 9.30 a.m. to 1.00 p.m. at weekly intervals. In both seasons the intercrops and sole pea crops intercepted more radiation compared to the sole maize crops. Towards the end of the season the intercrops and sole maize had similar interception. Intercropping both maize cultivars in 2000 with the conventional pea had the greatest interception in 2001. Radiation use efficiency (RUE) was measured by taking the respective changes in above ground dry weight and dividing by the respective changes in cumulative absorbed photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). The RUE were highest at mid-season for both intercrops and sole crops in both seasons. Comparisons were also made using cumulative radiation use efficiencies (CRUE), representing the RUE from emergence to any time. Sole pea had the lowest CRUE in both seasons. The sole maize in 2000 had highest CRUE. However, in 2001 intercrops had similar CRUE to sole maize, suggesting an increase in RUE of peas in intercrops. Nancis had consistently higher CRUE in both seasons compared to Sophy. The results emphasize that radiation capture and use efficiency in sole and intercrops are greatly affected by morphological characteristics of the component crops. In choosing cropping partners for intercropping special attention should be given to selecting cereal crops with erect leaves as against those with droopy leaves. The under-storey legume crop should also have erect or semi erect leaves so as to capture radiation filtering through the cereal canopy in order to maximize the capture and use of photosynthetically active radiation for increased and stable yields.

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“…RUE can also vary with changes in a) atmospheric transmission, partitioning of radiation between direct and diffuse radiation, and gradient of N concentration within the canopy , b) leaf erectness and leaf area index (LAI; Duncan, 1971), c) atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD; Stockle and Kiniry, 1990;Kiniry et al, 1998), and air temperature (Andrade et al, 1992;Andrade et al, 1993;Stirling et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physiological basis of genetic improvement in maize (Zea mays L.) yield in the US Corn Belt

Ponce¹

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Maize, along with rice and wheat, provides the foundation of human food supply. Ecological intensification of maize cropping systems and accelerated genetic improvement of maize yield will be necessary to satisfy an increasing demand from rapid population growth (Cassman 1999).Understanding of the physiological basis underpinning genetic improvement of maize can inform breeding efforts and improve tailoring of maize hybrids to intensified cropping systems.Maize yields in the US Corn Belt have increased at a rate of 1% a year for over 70+ years. A series of field studies using the so-called ERA hybrid set (Duvick et al. 2004a), which represent commercially successful hybrid releases over that period, demonstrated that yield improvement resulted from the interaction between genotype and plant population, and documented that yield advance was associated with increased leaf angle score and stay-green score, and decreases in anthesis-silking interval (ASI), tassel size scores, and barrenness. Changes in leaf angle scores and stay green scores have been implicated as determinants of increased radiation use efficiency and water capture (Hammer et al. 2009a;). Increased kernel number per unit area via reduced barrenness, shorter ASI, and reduced tassel size suggest that biomass allocation to the ear may have changed as the result of selection for yield in the ERA hybrids (Duvick et al. 2004a;Hammer et al. 2009a). Increased total biomass and increased partitioning to the kernels around silking and during early ear growth have been implicated as the major physiological determinants of the yield increase in short-season maize (Tollenaar et al. 2006a).We have a cursory understanding of the physiological drivers of yield improvement in temperate maize. This study provides empirical evidence to evaluate previously proposed hypotheses (i.e., water capture; Hammer et al. (2009a)) and deductions from field observations. This study utilizes a crop growth and development framework structured on concepts of resource capture, utilization efficiency and allocation to guide field experimentation. The experimental component of this study includes field experiments in managed stress environments located in USA and Chile during the growing seasons 2012 and 2011/2012 respectively, seeking to quantify genotypic differences in light and water capture, crop and ear growth, and resource allocation. Two seasons of experiments in 2012 utilizing the lysimeter and root chamber facilities located at UQ have been used to quantify genotypic differences in transpiration dynamics and efficiency, biomass allocation, and sensitivities to drought stress. Experimental work used a contrasting subset of single crosses from the ERA hybrids with seed available in Australia. All the experiments were planted at the highest plant density used in each location and platform.ii Measurement of soil water during two years of field experiments showed that total water capture under water-limited conditions did not differ between hybrids from another subset of t...

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Radiation use efficiency of maize grown in a cool area

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of water and temperature stresses on radiation use efficiency in a semi-arid grassland

Effects of water and temperature stresses on radiation use efficiency in a semi-arid grassland

Radiation Capture and Use as Affected by Morphologically Contrasting Maize/Pea in Sole and Intercropping

The physiological basis of genetic improvement in maize (Zea mays L.) yield in the US Corn Belt

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