Radiation Therapy for Malignant Astrocytomas in Adults

Mornex, F.; Nayel, Hala; Taillandier, Luc

doi:10.1016/0958-3947(94)90034-5

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Most current therapies, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy, have focused mainly on the proliferation-related aspects of glioblastoma biology. However, up to 90% of all glioblastomas relapse in close proximity to the resection cavity, respectively, the target volume of postoperative radiotherapy (Garden et al, 1991;Hess et al, 1994;Hochberg and Pruitt, 1980;Mornex et al, 1993). Only a small fraction of glioblastomas of 5-10% recur at a greater distance from the main tumor mass (Massey and Wallner, 1992).…”

Section: Glioma Cell Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant glioma biology: Role for TGF-? in growth, motility, angiogenesis, and immune escape

Platten

Wick

Weller

2001

Microsc. Res. Tech.

229

122

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Characteristics of human malignant glioma are excessive proliferation, infiltrative growth, angiogenesis and suppression of anti‐tumor immune surveillance. Transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β), a versatile cytokine, is intimately involved in the regulation of these processes. Here, we discuss the interactions of TGF‐β with growth factors, such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), metalloproteinases (MMP‐2, MMP‐9) and their inhibitor, plasmin activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1), and immune cells, like natural killer cells, T‐cells and microglia. The differential effects of TGF‐β in glioma biology are outlined with emphasis on the induction of a survival advantage for glioma cells by enforced cell growth, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and immune paralysis. By virtue of its growth regulatory and immunomodulatory properties, TGF‐β promises to become a novel target for the experimental therapy of human malignant glioma. Microsc. Res. Tech. 52:401–410, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Glioma Cell Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant glioma biology: Role for TGF-? in growth, motility, angiogenesis, and immune escape

Platten

Wick

Weller

2001

Microsc. Res. Tech.

229

122

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“…01-041, December 6, 2001 T he incident rate of all primary malignant brain tumors is 16,500 cases a year in the United States (CBTRUS, 2000). Radiation therapy, the primary method of treating these tumors, is generally palliative rather than curative in treating high-grade gliomas (Mornex et al, 1993). Treatment failure is primarily related to constraints on the delivery of adequate radiation dose to the tumor, which is due to the limitations of normal tissue tolerance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Response of rat intracranial 9L gliosarcoma to microbeam radiation therapy

Dilmanian¹

2002

Neuro-Oncology

169

153

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Radiotherapeutic doses for malignant gliomas are generally palliative because greater, supposedly curative doses would impart clinically unacceptable damage to nearby vital CNS tissues. To improve radiation treatment for human gliomas, we evaluated microbeam radiation therapy, which utilizes an array of parallel, microscopically thin (<100 microm) planar beams (microbeams) of synchrotron-generated X rays. Rats with i.c. 9L gliosarcoma tumors were exposed laterally to a single microbeam, 27 pm wide and 3.8 mm high, stepwise, to produce irradiation arrays with 50, 75, or 100 microm of on-center beam spacings and 150, 250, 300, or 500 Gy of in-slice, skin-entrance, single-exposure doses. The resulting array size was 9 mm wide and 10.4 mm high (using three 3.8-mm vertical tiers); the beam's median energy was -70 keV. When all data were collated, the median survival was 70 days; no depletion of nerve cells was observed. However, when data from the highest skin-entrance dose and/or the smallest microbeam spacings were excluded, the median survival time of the subset of rats was 170 days, and no white matter necrosis was observed. Others have reported unilateral single-exposure broad-beam irradiation of i.c. 9L gliosarcomas at 22.5 Gy with a median survival of only -34 days and with severe depletion of neurons. These results suggest that the therapeutic index of unidirectional microbeams is larger than that of the broad beams and that an application for microbeam radiation therapy in treating certain malignant brain tumors may be found in the future.

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“…This therapy can potentially enhance local control, with minimal toxicity to healthy tissue surrounding the tumor bed. Unfortunately, this therapeutic modality has led to a significant increase in recurrencies at distant sites [9,10] . The effects of sublethal doses of irradiation on migration and invasion reported suggest that ionizing irradiation from the implanted isotope might promote centrifugal migration and invasion of cells at the tumor border.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%