Radiation sources supporting the use of natural enemies for biological control of agricultural pests

Mehta, K.

doi:10.1080/09583150802417849

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…They do not depend on a radioactive source, and are easier and safer to obtain, although issues of reliability remain important. Although the effects of X-rays and gamma-rays on insects are generally similar, these types of radiation differ in their energy spectra (Mehta 2009), which might explain the difference between the results obtained by Arthur (2004) and those of Cagnotti et al (2012) and the present work.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

The Effect of X-Rays on Cytological Traits ofTuta absoluta(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Paladino¹,

Ferrari²,

Lauría³

et al. 2016

Florida Entomologist

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

The Effect of X-Rays on Cytological Traits ofTuta absoluta(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Paladino¹,

Ferrari²,

Lauría³

et al. 2016

Florida Entomologist

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“…Comparisons between X-ray and gamma radiation of fruit flies have so far found similar results with the two sources of radiation (Parker et al 2008;Mehta 2009;Mastrangelo et al 2010;Mastrangelo and Walder 2011;Mehta and Parker 2011). Nonetheless, X-ray irradiators have the advantage, compared to gamma irradiator equipment, of not depending on a radioactive source and thus being safer.…”

Section: Armstrong 2004mentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The problem with gamma radiation is that it depends on the use of radioactive material (isotopes). These types of irradiators are difficult to purchase now, both because the Nordion Company has stopped manufacturing self-shielded colbalt-60 irradiators and because of problems regarding the international transport of isotopes (Mehta 2009;Mastrangelo et al 2010;Mehta and Parker 2011). In contrast, X-ray irradiators do not depend on a radioactive source but only on a source of electricity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Our results could be due to the kind of irradiator we used. According to Mehta (2009), one characteristic of such a lowenergy source as an X-ray irradiator is low penetration of objects by the radiation field. This could also explain, at least partially, the differences in fly emergence Biocontrol Science and Technology 1437 between our results and those of authors who used lower doses of gamma rays.…”

Section: Armstrong 2004mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rearing of the fruit fly parasitoidDiachasmimorpha longicaudata(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on X-ray irradiated larvae ofCeratitis capitata(Diptera: Tephritidae)

Viscarret

Conte

Paladino

et al. 2012

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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2012) Rearing of the fruit fly parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on X-ray irradiated larvae of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), We evaluated the effects of X-ray irradiation on larvae of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), with the aim of finding a treatment that prevented adult fly emergence, yet did not adversely affect larval quality as rearing hosts for the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, small numbers of larvae were held in Petri dishes with and without small amounts of rearing media and then irradiated with doses of X-rays ranging from 0 to 8333.6 R (equivalent to 80 Gy). In the second experiment, higher numbers of larvae were held in a manner resembling mass-rearing conditions, and were then irradiated with X-rays ranging from 0 to 10,417 R (equivalent to 100 Gy). In both experiments, the only factor that significantly affected fly emergence was irradiation of larvae. Fly emergence decreased markedly as the irradiation dose increased, and complete suppression of fly emergence was achieved at 6250.2 R (equivalent to 60 Gy) when larvae were irradiated in small batches with or without rearing media. Irradiation also affected the fertility of those flies that did emerge following treatment. In the second experiment, we found the parasitoids reared from irradiated larvae produced a higher parasitism rate and a higher number of female offspring than did parasitoids reared from control (nonirradiated) larvae. Mean fecundity of F1 parasitoids reared from irradiated larvae were affected positively by irradiation only at the 8333.6 R (80 Gy) dose. Our results show that X-ray irradiation can be used to inhibit fruit fly adult emergence and that irradiated larvae are at least as good a rearing substrate as nonirradiated larvae. Future studies should focus on the adjustment of our findings to a mass-rearing scale.

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“…However, low-energy X-rays have recently also been used [ 42 , 43 ]. This type of radiation is emitted only when the electrical power is turned on and does not depend on radioactive isotopes with their associated risks and regulatory obstacles to their management and international transportation [ 44 ]. Mastrangelo et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nuclear Techniques to Improve the Mass Production and Management of Fruit Fly Parasitoids

Cancino

Ruiz

Viscarret

et al. 2012

Insects

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The use of irradiated hosts in mass rearing tephritid parasitoids represents an important technical advance in fruit fly augmentative biological control. Irradiation assures that fly emergence is avoided in non-parasitized hosts, while at the same time it has no appreciable effect on parasitoid quality, i.e., fecundity, longevity and flight capability. Parasitoids of fruit fly eggs, larvae and pupae have all been shown to successfully develop in irradiated hosts, allowing a broad range of species to be shipped and released without post-rearing delays waiting for fly emergence and costly procedures to separate flies and wasps. This facilitates the early, more effective and less damaging shipment of natural enemies within hosts and across quarantined borders. In addition, the survival and dispersal of released parasitoids can be monitored by placing irradiated sentinel-hosts in the field. The optimal radiation dosages for host-sterility and parasitoid-fitness differ among species, and considerable progress has been made in integrating radiation into a variety of rearing procedures.

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Radiation sources supporting the use of natural enemies for biological control of agricultural pests

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

The Effect of X-Rays on Cytological Traits ofTuta absoluta(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

The Effect of X-Rays on Cytological Traits ofTuta absoluta(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Rearing of the fruit fly parasitoidDiachasmimorpha longicaudata(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on X-ray irradiated larvae ofCeratitis capitata(Diptera: Tephritidae)

Application of Nuclear Techniques to Improve the Mass Production and Management of Fruit Fly Parasitoids

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