Radiation Safety and Work With Plutonium

Belovodsky, L. F.; Belousova, Tatiana; Gaevoy, V.K.; Perova, Larisa

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5070-5_31

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Earlier this coefficient was determined in laboratory conditions [2,3]. The aim of the work was to verify possible application of this coefficient in conditions of real rain.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paper [3] presents the kinetics model and identifies various phases of the said process. The experiments described in the paper [4] were conducted with the layout close to those in the papers [2,3]. The experiments involving researches into HTO exchange between atmosphere and water drops under field conditions are described in the paper [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experiments performed were used to predict kinetics of HTO exchange with water drops. The paper [2] describes the experiments studying the rate of exchange with water drops flying through the atmosphere containing HTO. The paper [3] presents the kinetics model and identifies various phases of the said process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies of HTO washout and deposition in the vicinity of emission source

2002

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There are presented in the report research results of HTO wash-out and the model of HTO atmosphere concentration in the vicinity of a long-term HT and HTO emission source. The site of the scavenging experiments was around a 30 m emission source. The sampling arcs were chosen at 150-300 m from the base of the source to minimize dry deposition on the precipitation collectors. To study dependence of scavenging of tritium on raindrops characteristics, an optical device was constructed and used to measure the distribuuon of the drop radii and velocities during the period of experiment. The wash-out model, used for assessments, takes into account dispersion, deposition and re-emission. Soil surface is considered as secondary area source. Primary source is characterized as a source of infinite duration and permanent strength. Ingress of HTO to soil from primary source is occurred due to both dry and wet deposition. The model of HTO wet deposition is taken into account kinetics of HTO exchange between vapor and liquid phase with parameters such as rain drop spectra, rain intensity, condensation-evaporation on drop's interface Ingress of HT in soil is only due to HT dry deposition. Gauss type formulae for permanent emission source is used to calculate HTO atmosphere concentration. Averaged real meteorological data are used as input parameters for modeling.

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“…Earlier this coefficient was determined in laboratory conditions [2,3]. The aim of the work was to verify possible application of this coefficient in conditions of real rain.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies of HTO washout and deposition in the vicinity of emission source

2002

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“…Protection against Nuclear and Chemical Hazards. Safe handling of plutonium metal, its compounds, and its aqueous solutions in chemical, metallurgical, and engineering operations has been the subject of several comprehensive reports (221)(222)(223). In a laboratory where plutonium is processed and workers are present, a ventilation rate of 8-10 air changes per hour has been recommended (224).…”

Section: Health and Safety Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larger amounts of solutions, solutions that may produce aerosols, and plutonium compounds that are not air-sensitive are handled in gloveboxes that are maintained at a slight negative pressure, $0.1 kPa (0.001 atm, more precisely measured as 1.0-1.2 cm (0.35-0.50 in.) differential pressure on a water column) with respect to the surrounding laboratory pressure (222,225). This air is exhausted through high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters.…”

Section: Health and Safety Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plutonium and Plutonium Compounds

Clark

Hecker

Jarvinen

et al. 2006

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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The discovery of plutonium, its economic and military importance, sources, production, and nuclear properties are reviewed. The economic aspects of weapons‐ and reactor‐grade plutonium are outlined. The preparation and properties of plutonium metal and its alloys are discussed in detail. A presentation of the physical and chemical properties of atomic plutonium and stable plutonium ions is given. The complexation and hydrolysis properties of these ions are recapitulated. Analytical chemistry, separations technology, and metallurgy (including pyrometallurgical processing) are described. There is a brief treatment of storage and disposal of excess weapons plutonium. The chemistry of several classes of plutonium compounds is described: oxides, halides, oxyhalides, hydrides, carbides, silicides, nitrides, sulfides, and oxalates. The article concludes with a treatment of environmental, health, and safety aspects of plutonium.

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Radiation Safety and Work With Plutonium

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Studies of HTO washout and deposition in the vicinity of emission source

Studies of HTO washout and deposition in the vicinity of emission source

Plutonium and Plutonium Compounds

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