Radiation port xanthogranuloma: solitary xanthogranuloma occurring within the irradiated skin of a breast cancer patient‐report and review of cutaneous neoplasms developing at the site of radiotherapy

Abstract

Xanthogranulomas are benign lesions composed of macrophages in which some of the cells have vacuolated cytoplasm. They commonly occur in children, referred to as juvenile xanthogranulomata, and are histopathologically characterized by the presence of Touton giant cells. Xanthogranuloma can also occur in adults. A woman who developed a solitary xanthogranuloma within the field of radiotherapy following treatment of her breast cancer is reported. In addition to xanthogranuloma, other benign lesions of keratinocytes, mast cells, endothelial cells and lymphatic cells have been observed at the site of radiation treatment. Also, several malignancies, including hematopoietic cancers, sarcomas, metastatic cancers and common skin cancers, have been observed within radiation ports. A causal relationship in the development of our patient's xanthogranuloma is suggested by the temporal association between the treatment with radiotherapy and the subsequent appearance of a xanthogranuloma directly within the radiation field.

CD163+ Adult Xanthogranuloma Arising from Merkel Cell Carcinoma Treated with Local Radiotherapy

“…Currently, Cohen & Prieto (5) reviewed benign tumours that developed in radiation ports. In their report, one case of xanthogranuloma arising firom a port of radiation therapy for breast cancer is described (5). To the best of our knowledge, their report is the only case describing xanthogranuloma arising from a radiation port, and our case is the second report.…”

Cutaneous metastatic breast carcinoma with clear cell features

“…Xanthogranuloma may occur de novo but have also been reported to arise within a radiation field after breast cancer treatment. 21 This possibility was excluded by stains showing that the foamy cells were epithelial and not of macrophage-histiocyte lineage. Clear cell populations can also be confused with signet ring or granular cells.…”

Xanthogranuloma in the heavily irradiated low neck in a patient with head and neck cancer

“…Xanthogranuloma has been reported in a patient receiving breast radiation [ 5 ]. In this case report, the lesion was identified 12 months following completion of breast radiation therapy.…”

“…Xanthogranulomas have been described in adults in association with multiple possible risk factors, including trauma, infection, and malignancy. Xanthogranuloma has been reported in a patient treated with radiation therapy for breast cancer, but it has not been previously reported in the English literature following head and neck irradiation [ 5 ]. To increase awareness of this potential late effect of chemoradiation, we present the case and review relevant related literature.…”