Radiation-induced human chromosome aberrations: In vitro dose rate studies

Brewen, J.G.; Luippold, H. E.

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(71)90018-2

Cited by 53 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…1) are quite different from those reported previously for Cobalt-60 irradiation; however, irradiation conditions were also markedly different (Table 6). Interestingly, although absolute a and fl values from Brewen and Luippold's [10] 137Cesium study and ours are very dissimilar, a/fl ratios are essentially the same (Table 6). …”

Section: Dose-response Curvesmentioning

confidence: 35%

An analysis of the distribution and dose response of chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes after in vitro exposure to137Cesium gamma radiation

Doggett

McKenzie

1983

Radiat Environ Biophys

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The chromosome aberration yield for human lymphocytes exposed in vitro to various doses of 137Cesium has been studied. Dicentric, total acentric, and excess acentric data were seen to follow a Possion distribution. Calculated total hits demonstrated over-dispersion which could possibly be accounted for by a greater occurrence of single-hit phenomena being repaired than two-hit exchange processes. The resulting distribution generally contained an under-representation of cells with odd numbers of hits and an over-representation of zero- and even-hit classes as compared with Poisson predicted values. The relationship between dicentric yield and dose received in rads was fitted to the linear-quadratic formula Y = alpha D + beta D2 for dicentrics, yielding values of (20.1 +/- 3.8) X 10(-4) (aberrations/cell)/rad and (1.89 +/- 0.75) X 10(-6) (aberrations/cell)/rad2 for alpha and beta respectively. A plot of percent 'normal' cells versus the dose in rads resembled cell survival curves and was fitted to the relation P(D) = 100 e-Y where Y = alpha D + beta D2 with alpha = (23 +/- 11) X 10(-4) rad-1 and beta = (8.3 +/- 2.5) X 10(-6) rad-2. A possible use of scoring 'normal' cells for purposes of biological dosimetry is presented.

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Section: Dose-response Curvesmentioning

confidence: 35%

An analysis of the distribution and dose response of chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes after in vitro exposure to137Cesium gamma radiation

Doggett

McKenzie

1983

Radiat Environ Biophys

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“…Using this technique the exposure time was kept within reasonable limits (1-17 min) . Although it is unlikely that variations are important no data on the influence of neutron dose-rate on dicentric yields are available in the literature, at least in the low dose-range (Brewen andLuippold 1971, Lloyd et al 1975) . The biological facility of the TAPIRO fast reactor (Scarpa and Moscati 1976) was used to carry out the irradiations .…”

Section: Irradiation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In the dose-range 50-700 rad, the best fits to X-and y-ray data were provided by the quadratic model (Brewen and Luippold 1971, Schmid, Bauchinger and Hug 1972, Lloyd, Purrott, Dolphin, Bolton, Edwards and Corp 1975 . In the low dose-range, below 50 rad, an apparently linear relationship was shown, at least for X-radiation (Vulpis, Panetta and Tognacci 1976) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Aberrations as a Dosimetric Technique for Fission Neutrons over the Dose-range 0·2-50 Rad

Vulpis¹,

Tognacci²,

Scarpa³

1978

International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies

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An analysis of the literature shows a lack of data about basic biological parameters regarding cytogenetic dosimetry as applied to neutron fields, in the dose range below 50 rad. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were exposed in vitro to a degraded fission neutron spectrum of mean energy 0.4 MeV. The dose-range was 0.2--50 rad delivered at a dose-rate of about 0.2 or 7 rad/min. The results were processed using a computer programme. Both experimental data for dicentric induction, and theoretical considerations indicate the first-order polynomial as the best fitting dose--response function. The implications of these results for cytogenetic dosimetry are discussed. A comparison with 250 kV X-ray data in the same range gives an r.b.e. of 18.5 +/- 3.1.

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“…such as irradiation temperature Gumrich et al, 1986 , type Ž of radiation Schmid et al, 1972Schmid et al, , 1974bTodorov, 1975;Bocian et al, 1977;Vulpis et al, 1978;Bauchinger et al, . 1983a;Takatsuji et al, 1983;Edwards et al, 1986 , dose-Ž rate Brewen and Luippold, 1971;Purrott and Reeder, 1976;Bauchinger et al, 1979;Lloyd et al, 1984;Fabry, . Ž 1986;Guedeney et al, 1988, energy spectra Neary et al, 1967Neary et al, 1972;Schmid et al, .…”

Section: ( ) Deõelopment and Standardization Of The Dicentric Dic Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

How radiation-specific is the dicentric assay?

Hoffmann

Schmitz-Feuerhake

1999

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Question: Quantitative cytogenetic analysis of structural chromosome aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes is widely used as an assay to Ž . detect and quantify exposure to a variety of clastogens. Unstable chromosome rearrangements, dicentric chromosomes dic and centric ring chromosomes Ž . Ž . centric r , are routinely used as biomarkers to assess human exposure to ionizing radiation "biological dosimetry" . In the moderate-to high-dose range many authors consider the dic assay sufficiently radiation-specific for both practical and legal purposes. However, specificity has never been evaluated in quantitative terms. The high sensitivity of the assay would in principle allow for applications in the range of low-dose exposure which has been a major concern in epidemiologic studies. Validity of the assay then critically depends on specificity. Methods: A mathematical model is proposed which includes as parameters the decline of dicentric aberrations in ÕiÕo, the linear dose coefficient for the induction of dic and the average total radiation exposure of the population. To assess radiation-specificity of the dic assay the equilibrium dicentric rate due to radiation is compared to measurements of the background rate of dic in unexposed controls. Results: Environmental and medical radiation combined account for at least about 80% of the average background level of dicentrics. Conclusion: It is concluded that the dicentric assay is highly specific for ionizing radiation and can therefore be used to assess prior exposure in the dose range of interest in environmental epidemiology.

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Radiation-induced human chromosome aberrations: In vitro dose rate studies

Cited by 53 publications

References 18 publications

An analysis of the distribution and dose response of chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes after in vitro exposure to137Cesium gamma radiation

An analysis of the distribution and dose response of chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes after in vitro exposure to137Cesium gamma radiation

Chromosome Aberrations as a Dosimetric Technique for Fission Neutrons over the Dose-range 0·2-50 Rad

How radiation-specific is the dicentric assay?

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