Radiation-induced deletions and translocations of Microtus agrestis sex chromosomes in vivo

Cooper, J.E.K.; Hsü, T. C.

doi:10.1016/0014-4827(71)90418-6

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…The environmental contamination resulting from the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant disaster (April 26, 1986) offers a unique opportunity to examine in vivo biological effects of chronic, low-dose exposure to ionizing radiation. The effects of ionizing radiation at the chromosomal and molecular levels have been well documented for acute laboratory exposures [1][2][3][4]. Radiation protection measures have been adopted based on the results of laboratory investigations regarding low-dose radiation exposures, which suggest a linear, no-threshold, cumulative response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental exposure of naive bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) to the Chornobyl, Ukraine, environment: A test of radioresistance

Rodgers

Wickliffe

Phillips

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Previous studies have demonstrated no difference in micronucleus (MN) frequencies between wild rodents chronically exposed to the environmental radiation contamination of the Chornobyl (Ukraine) exclusion zone and those inhabiting reference populations. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that a population of bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) has developed radioresistance as a result of 14 years of chronic, low-dose radiation exposure. Naive voles were placed in environmental enclosures in the Red Forest region of the exclusion zone for 30 d. Blood samples were obtained at regular intervals, and the MN assay was used to assess chromosomal damage. Additionally, radionuclide uptake was monitored throughout the study, and dose was documented for each individual as well as for their offspring. Total dose for the voles experimentally exposed in this environment averaged 1.09 Gy (36.20 mGy d(-1)) for the 30-d study period. Our results indicate that exposure to radiation levels well above regulatory statutes did not result in an increased MN frequency. Furthermore, our results do not support the hypothesis that voles chronically exposed to these radiation levels have developed a genetic basis for radioresistance that is unique from that present in naive populations. The use of C. glareolus as a sentinel species for environmental studies of radiation contamination and the question of whether the MN assay is an appropriate endpoint for studies of low-dose, chronic radiation exposure are also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental exposure of naive bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) to the Chornobyl, Ukraine, environment: A test of radioresistance

Rodgers

Wickliffe

Phillips

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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From Heterochromatin to Long Noncoding RNAs in Drosophila: Expanding the Arena of Gene Function and Regulation

Lakhotia

2017

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Recent years have witnessed a remarkable interest in exploring the significance of pervasive noncoding transcripts in diverse eukaryotes. Classical cytogenetic studies using the Drosophila model system unraveled the perplexing attributes and "functions" of the "gene"-poor heterochromatin. Recent molecular studies in the fly model are likewise revealing the very diverse and significant roles played by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in development, gene regulation, chromatin organization, cell and nuclear architecture, etc. There has been a rapid increase in the number of identified lncRNAs, although a much larger number still remains unknown. The diversity of modes of actions and functions of the limited number of Drosophila lncRNAs, which have been examined, already reflects the profound roles of such RNAs in generating and sustaining the biological complexities of eukaryotes. Several of the known Drosophila lncRNAs originate as independent sense or antisense transcripts from promoter or intergenic, intronic, or 5'/3'-UTR regions, while many of them are independent genes that produce only lncRNAs or coding as well as noncoding RNAs. The different lncRNAs affect chromatin organization (local or large-scale pan-chromosomal), transcription, RNA processing/stability, or translation either directly through interaction with their target DNA sequences or indirectly by acting as intermediary molecules for specific regulatory proteins or may act as decoys/sinks, or storage sites for specific proteins or groups of proteins, or may provide a structural framework for the assembly of substructures in nucleus/cytoplasm. It is interesting that many of the "functions" alluded to heterochromatin in earlier cytogenetic studies appear to find correlates with the known subtle as well as far-reaching actions of the different small and long noncoding RNAs. Further studies exploiting the very rich and powerful genetic and molecular resources available for the Drosophila model are expected to unravel the mystery underlying the long reach of ncRNAs.

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Chromosomes and DNA of Microtus

Cooper

1977

Chromosoma

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Newborn Microtus agrestis were given single acute whole-body gamma-irradiation (350, 500, or 750R). C-banded bone marrow preparations showed cells with radiation-induced rearrangements of constitutive heterochromatin of the sex chromosomes, usually the consequence of single events, encompassing a wide spectrum of deletions and translocations. These cells persisted in bone marrow for more than a year after irradiation; however, many cells showing the same redistribution of heterochromatin constituted clones of both deletions and translocations. These results indicate that deletion or rearrangement of constitutive heterochromatin does not impair the capacity of bone marrow cells for further proliferation.

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Radiation-induced deletions and translocations of Microtus agrestis sex chromosomes in vivo

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Experimental exposure of naive bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) to the Chornobyl, Ukraine, environment: A test of radioresistance

Experimental exposure of naive bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) to the Chornobyl, Ukraine, environment: A test of radioresistance

From Heterochromatin to Long Noncoding RNAs in Drosophila: Expanding the Arena of Gene Function and Regulation

Chromosomes and DNA of Microtus

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