Radiation-induced degradation of water pollutants—state of the art

Getoff, N.

doi:10.1016/0969-806x(95)00059-7

Cited by 230 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the degradation and decomposition effect of gamma radiation on toxic organic compounds in the sludge was reported by Bauer (1994) and Getoff (1996) and Abo El-Seoud et al (2004). Significant destruction of PCBs (toxic organic compounds) in sludge irradiated with 400 krad was reported earlier by Merrill (1977).…”

Section: Plant Biomassmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The nutritional value of sewage sludge and its beneficial utilization as an organic fertilizer for stimulating plant growth and increasing crop productivity were demonstrated by Vogtmann and Fricke (1989) and Badawy and El-Motaium (1999). In addition, the degrading and decomposing effect of gamma radiation on toxic organic compounds in the sludge was reported by Bauer (1994) and Getoff (1996). Elimination of such toxic organic compounds may explain the stimulation effect of gamma-irradiated sludge on the increase in fennel plant growth and seed production.…”

Section: Seed Yieldmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The gamma radiation technique can cause sterilization of harmful pathogens and degradation of organic pollutants in sewage sludge. Ionizing radiation is recognized as an efficient and rapid method of sewage sludge treatment (Bauer 1994;Getoff 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Irradiated sewage sludge for production of fennel plants in sandy soil

El-Motaium

El-Seoud

2007

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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A field experiment was conducted to study the impact of irradiated and non-irradiated sewage sludge applied to sandy soil on the productivity of fennel plants (Foeniculum vulgare L.). Four rates of irradiated and non-irradiated sewage sludge application were used (20, 40, 60, and 80 t ha -1 ). Samples analysis included the biomass production at the vegetative and flowering stages, seed production, volatile oil content, volatile oil constituents, chlorophyll content, total and reducing sugars, and the heavy metals content of the shoots and seeds.The biomass production increased as the sludge application rate increased for both irradiated and non-irradiated plots. However, the increase was significantly higher under all irradiated treatments than the corresponding rates of non-irradiated treatments at both the vegetative and flowering stages. At the vegetative stage, the biomass values ranged from 10.2 to 34.1 g plant -1 at 80 t ha -1 for non-irradiated and irradiated sewage sludge, respectively. Whereas at the flowering stage, the values ranged from 23.9 to 65.1 g plant -1 at 80 t ha -1 for non-irradiated and irradiated sewage sludge, respectively. Total sugars, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and chlorophyll content increased as the sludge application rate increased. At the 80 t ha -1 of irradiated sludge application rate, the reducing sugar content was 29.39 mg g -1 DW (dry weight) at the vegetative stage and 37.85 mg g -1 DW at the flowering stage. Regarding heavy metals, sewage sludge was a good source to provide fennel plants with essential micronutrients (Zn and Fe) in the meantime, the translocation of (Pb and Cd) to the shoot system was very low. A linear gradual increase in seed yield was observed as the sludge application rate increased. Irradiated sewage sludge treatments showed a higher fennel seed yield than non-irradiated sewage sludge treatments.Volatile oil percentages exhibited no observable variations due to the use of sewage sludge. A few and limited fluctuations could be observed. However, total oil content (l ha -1 ) increased due to the increase in seed yield. The magnitude of increase in volatile oil production in response to the sewage sludge application was parallel to the increase in seed yield. The GLC measurements of the fennel volatile oil reveal that the t-anethole is the predominant fraction. However, fenchone was detected in a relatively moderate concentration. The applied sewage sludge treatment induced some variations in fennel volatile oil constituents. The t-anethole is relatively higher in volatile oil obtained from plants grown on sandy soil fertilized with non-irradiated sewage sludge than that fertilized with irradiated sewage sludge. In the meantime, the increase in t-anethole was accompanied by a decline in fenchone content. Under all sludge application rates iron and zinc concentrations of fennel seeds were within the normal plant concentration range, whereas there were only traces of Cd concentration.

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Section: Plant Biomassmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Seed Yieldmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Irradiated sewage sludge for production of fennel plants in sandy soil

El-Motaium

El-Seoud

2007

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…The radiolysis of water leads to the formation of very reactive primary radicals (H, e aq -, OH) and molecular products H 2 , H 2 O 2 [22]. It is generally accepted opinion that phenol degradation starts with these water radiolysis products [23].…”

Section: Theoretical Charge Densities and Molecular Mechanism Of Radimentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric monitoring of gamma radiolytic degradation of phenols

et al. 2012

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Phenol and its three chloro derivatives were electrooxidized on glassy carbon electrode under optimized conditions of concentration, number of repeated scans, scan rate, and pH of the medium. Next, the aqueous solutions of the phenols were degraded under controlled dose of gamma (c) radiations in the range of 1-5 kGy. The post c-irradiated phenols were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the response was quantitated in terms of radiolytic yields (G values) and degradation efficiencies. The calculated theoretical charge densities were also in support of phenols degradation via hydroxyl radical attack. The proposed use of CV as a new monitoring method for the degradation of organic pollutants was validated with the well-established HPLC method.

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“…Besides increasing of the dose, another way to increase the efficiency of radiolytic degradation is to perform it together with ozonisation. 13,27 It was already shown that degradation of chlorophenols in the matrix of natural river water requires larger doses of irradiation than in synthetic solutions made in distilled water, 17 however, effect of particular scavengers has not been investigated. The effect of the presence of nitrate and carbonate was examined on radiolytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol, only.18 It was found that the presence of carbonate/bicarbonate and nitrate did not affect significantly the removal efficiency, even for samples with high total alkalinity content, and toxicity measured by algal assay was reduced after the y-irradiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of selected scavengers on radiolytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol for environmental purposes

Drzewicz

Panta

Głuszewski

et al. 1999

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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The effect of pH of irradiated aerated solutions and the presence of various concentrations of bicarbonate and nitrate on radiolytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in aqueous solutions with T-irradiation was examined using reversed phase HPLC and ion chromatography. The obtaining complete decomposition and dehalogenation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in the presence of naturally occurring inorganic scavengers may require to increase the irradiation dose in batch conditions up to 10 kGy. The presence of scavengers at different doses affects both efficiency of radiolytic degradation and its mechanism.

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Radiation-induced degradation of water pollutants—state of the art

Cited by 230 publications

References 40 publications

Irradiated sewage sludge for production of fennel plants in sandy soil

Irradiated sewage sludge for production of fennel plants in sandy soil

Voltammetric monitoring of gamma radiolytic degradation of phenols

Effect of selected scavengers on radiolytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol for environmental purposes

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