Radiation induced decomposition of halogenated organic compounds in water

Bettoli, M. G.; Ravanelli, M.; Tositti, Laura; Tubertini, O.; Guzzi, L.; Martinotti, W.; Queirazza, G.; Tamba, Maurizio

doi:10.1016/s0969-806x(98)00027-9

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Dissociative capture of intermediates is quite common during ELT. For example, ELT is suitable to neutralize toxic and carcinogenic organochlorine impurities such as dichloroethane, trichloroethane, trichlorethylene, tetrachlorethylene, chlorobenzene, chlorophenols, dichlorophenols, pentachlorophenols or some others. ,,,,− In the presence of organochlorine impurities, the synergistic effect of the combined use of radiolysis and ozonolysis is most often observed. ,,− Ozone is inevitably formed due to the radiolysis of air between the beam window of the accelerator and the flow of water subjected to irradiation. Due to the high oxidizing ability (Figure ), ozone itself is a very effective means of disinfecting impurities in water; − therefore, radiolytic ozone is advisible for use in enhancing the radiolytic treatment of water.…”

Section: Combined Application Of Treatment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Green Method in Water Management: Electron Beam Treatment

Пономарев

Ершов

2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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During the prebiotic era, radiolytic transformations in the oceans played a key role in purifying water from toxic impurities and, thus, played a role in the formation of the aquatic environment of our planet, making it suitable for the emergence of life. Today, the planet again faces the challenge of how to provide people with clean water. Therefore, it is reasonable to look back at past historical stages and again consider the possibility of neutralizing pollutants in water by means of radiolysis, which has already been tested by time. Modern radiolytic treatments can be much faster and safer thanks to the advent of powerful electron accelerators and high-rate electron beam treatment (ELT) of water and wastewater. Radiolytic treatment of water using accelerated electrons corresponds to the essence of advanced oxidative technologies and green chemistry. The ELT of water instantly generates a high concentration of short-lived radicals that can quickly neutralize and decompose chemical and bacterial pollutants. Due to the ability of accelerated electrons to penetrate into a substance, ELT provides the decomposition of both dissolved and suspended pollutants. The cleaning effect of ELT is due to the ability to inactivate toxic and chromophore functional groups, transform impurities into an easily removable form, damage the DNA of microorganisms and their spore forms, and increase the biodegradability of organic impurities. The use of ELT in water treatment provides significant savings in chemical reagents, thereby improving quality and reducing the number of cleaning steps. The compactness, high degree of automation of the equipment used, energy efficiency, high productivity, and excellent compatibility with traditional water treatment methods are important advantages of ELT. Unlike conventional chemicals, the excess radicals generated in the ELT process are converted back to water and hydrogen; thus, the chemical and corrosive activity of water does not increase. Equipping research institutes with electron accelerators, developing cheaper accelerators, and granting government support for pilot projects are key conditions for introducing ELT into water treatment practice.

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Section: Combined Application Of Treatment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Green Method in Water Management: Electron Beam Treatment

Пономарев

Ершов

2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The primary ionization steps are rapidly followed by proton-transfer reactions via ionmolecule interactions as follows [5][6][7]: …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical effects induced by γ-irradiation in solid and in aqueous methanol solutions of 4-iodophenol

Mahfouz

Siddiqui

Al-Wassil

et al. 2005

Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids

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The present work is a study on radiolyses of 4-iodophenol in aqueous methanol solutions. The radiolysis products are separated and identified using spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques. The radiolytic products (I 2 , I − and IO − 3 ) formed in aerated solutions at room temperature were identified and the yields are investigated as a function of absorbed γ -ray dose. The formation of I 2 is mainly dependent on the acidity of solution and produced via the pathway of secondary free radical reactions. Aromatic products of lower and higher molecular weight than the corresponding investigated compound were analysed and separated by HPLC. The results have been discussed in view of mechanisms based on free radicals and ion-molecule interactions. The chemical effects induced by γ -irradiation in solid 4-iodophenol have also been investigated and the degradation products were identified in solid state by NMR, GC/MS experiments and HPLC after dissolution in aqueous methanol. The results were evaluated and compared with radiolysis data.

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“…The radiolytic yield, G value was calculated from Eq. 1 [21], and it is defined as the number of molecules degraded per 100 eV, where [DR] is the difference in concentration of the given compound before and after irradiation, N A is the Avogadro's number (i.e., 6.023 9 10 23 ), D is the dose level in k rads and 6.24 9 10 17 is the conversion factor from k rads to 100 eV L -1 , where 100 rad = 1 Gy. From the comparison of the G values in Table 2, the extent of degradation of the phenols can be estimated under the same applied doses.…”

Section: Gamma Radiolytic Degradation Of Phenols: CV Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric monitoring of gamma radiolytic degradation of phenols

et al. 2012

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Phenol and its three chloro derivatives were electrooxidized on glassy carbon electrode under optimized conditions of concentration, number of repeated scans, scan rate, and pH of the medium. Next, the aqueous solutions of the phenols were degraded under controlled dose of gamma (c) radiations in the range of 1-5 kGy. The post c-irradiated phenols were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the response was quantitated in terms of radiolytic yields (G values) and degradation efficiencies. The calculated theoretical charge densities were also in support of phenols degradation via hydroxyl radical attack. The proposed use of CV as a new monitoring method for the degradation of organic pollutants was validated with the well-established HPLC method.

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Radiation induced decomposition of halogenated organic compounds in water

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

The Green Method in Water Management: Electron Beam Treatment

The Green Method in Water Management: Electron Beam Treatment

Chemical effects induced by γ-irradiation in solid and in aqueous methanol solutions of 4-iodophenol

Voltammetric monitoring of gamma radiolytic degradation of phenols

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