Radiation-Induced Craniofacial Bone Growth Disturbances

Gevorgyan, Artur; Scala, Giorgio La; Neligan, Peter C.; Pang, Cho Y.; Forrest, Christopher R.

doi:10.1097/scs.0b013e31812f7584

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Although accumulated evidence emphasizes the detrimental effects of therapeutic irradiation on bone (1,(12)(13)(14)(15), there are reports showing positive effects on osteoblastic differentiation and bone-specific gene expression (5,8,16). In this study, we demonstrated that X-ray radiation at relatively low doses accelerated mineralization of calvarial primary osteoblasts with an attendant increase in ALP activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

X-ray radiation at low doses stimulates differentiation and mineralization of mouse calvarial osteoblasts

Park¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

et al. 2012

BMB Reports

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Radiotherapy is considered to cause detrimental effects on bone tissue eventually increasing bone loss and fracture risk. However, there is a great controversy on the real effects of irradiation itself on osteoblasts, and the mechanisms by which irradiation affects osteoblast differentiation and mineralization are not completely understood. We explored how X-ray radiation influences differentiation and bone-specific gene expression in mouse calvarial osteoblasts. Irradiation at 2 Gy not only increased differentiation and mineralization of the cells, but also upregulated the expression of alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, osteopontin, and osteocalcin at early stages of differentiation. However, irradiation at higher doses (＞2 Gy) did not stimulate osteoblast differentiation, rather it suppressed DNA synthesis by the cells without a toxic effect. Additional experiments suggested that transforming growth factor-beta 1 and runt-transcription factor 2 play important roles in irradiation-stimulated bone differentiation by acting as upstream regulators of bone-specific markers. [BMB Reports 2012; 45(10): 571-576]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

X-ray radiation at low doses stimulates differentiation and mineralization of mouse calvarial osteoblasts

Park¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

et al. 2012

BMB Reports

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“…Craniofacial abnormalities, which may impact the oral cavity, occur in 35 to 90 % of children who receive high-dose radiotherapy to the head and neck [20, 37, 48–50]. Such abnormalities are often associated with oral cavity sequelae such as dental anomalies, xerostomia, and trismus [50].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such abnormalities are often associated with oral cavity sequelae such as dental anomalies, xerostomia, and trismus [50]. Cosmetic deformities and the requirement for multiple surgical reconstructions can deeply impact quality of life in long-term survivors [50]. Younger age at treatment and increased radiotherapy volume and dose (≥30 Gy) contribute to the extent and severity of bone and soft-tissue deformity [50] (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral and dental late effects in survivors of childhood cancer: a Children’s Oncology Group report

Effinger¹,

Migliorati²,

Hudson³

et al. 2014

Support Care Cancer

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Purpose Multi-modality therapy has resulted in improved survival for childhood malignancies. The Children’s Oncology Group Long-Term Follow-Up Guidelines for Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancers provide practitioners with exposure- and risk-based recommendations for the surveillance and management of asymptomatic survivors who are at least 2 years from completion of therapy. This review outlines the pathophysiology and risks for oral and dental late effects in pediatric cancer survivors and the rationale for oral and dental screening recommended by the Children’s Oncology Group. Methods An English literature search for oral and dental complications of childhood cancer treatment was undertaken via MEDLINE and encompassed January 1975 to January 2013. Proposed guideline content based on the literature review was approved by a multi-disciplinary panel of survivorship experts and scored according to a modified version of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network “Categories of Consensus” system. Results The Children’s Oncology Group oral-dental pan el selected 85 relevant citations. Childhood cancer therapy may impact tooth development, salivary function, craniofacial development, and temporomandibular joint function placing some childhood cancer survivors at an increased risk for poor oral and dental health. Addition ally, head and neck radiation and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation increase the risk of subsequent ma lignant neoplasms in the oral cavity. Survivors require routine dental care to evaluate for potential side effects and initiate early treatment. Conclusions Certain childhood cancer survivors are at an increased risk for poor oral and dental health. Early identification of oral and dental morbidity and early interventions can optimize health and quality of life.

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“…The risk of leukemia was indicated to be higher in children under 5 years of age who underwent CT scan for the head region (14). There are also long-term side effects of radiation in the treatment of pediatric head-neck cancers, such as growth retardation of maxillofacial bones, severe facial deformities, and skin cancers (15,16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do We Not Need CT in Patients Who Undergo Type I Tympanoplasty?

Demir¹,

Akyıldız²,

Çetin³

et al. 2014

Turk Arch Otolaryngol

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Objective: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has gained wide acceptance in diagnostic work-up of suppurative chronic otitis media. Most ear surgeons order HRCT to make a rational operative plan, especially in the presence of symptoms, such as refractory otorrhea with bad odor, epithelial debris at retraction pockets, and defects in bony walls of the middle ear. The aim of this study was to show the lack of necessity of preoperative HRCT by evaluating its predictive value in patients who underwent type I tympanoplasty. Methods:The study included a patient group who underwent tympanoplasty with dry perforation and normal middle ear mucosa. The intraoperative findings of 43 patients were compared with preoperative HRCT and audiogram findings. Results:There was no significance between preoperative air conduction threshold and existence of ossicular erosion in HRCT. HRCT incorrectly predicted the presence of cholesteatoma in two patients. The positive predictive value of HRCT in detecting soft or granulation tissue was 4/14 (28.57%). The sensitivity and specificity of HRCT in the diagnosis of ossicular chain status were 9.09% and 90.62%, respectively. Conclusion:HRCT plays an important role in the assessment of patients with suppurative chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma. However, preoperative HRCT in patients who have undergone type I tympanoplasty is not necessary. It has no benefit and also leads patients to unnecessary radiation exposure.

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Radiation-Induced Craniofacial Bone Growth Disturbances

Cited by 33 publications

References 48 publications

X-ray radiation at low doses stimulates differentiation and mineralization of mouse calvarial osteoblasts

X-ray radiation at low doses stimulates differentiation and mineralization of mouse calvarial osteoblasts

Oral and dental late effects in survivors of childhood cancer: a Children’s Oncology Group report

Why Do We Not Need CT in Patients Who Undergo Type I Tympanoplasty?

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