Radiation hazard assessment from NORM-added paint products in Malaysia

Hanifah, Noor Zati Hani Abu; Hashim, Suhairul; Hassan, Halmat Jalal; Fahmi, M.R.; Sanusi, M.S.M.; Bradley, D.A.; Garcı́a-Tenorio, R.; Tahar, Razman Mat

doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2022.101850

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The activity concentration analysis of 7 different sorts of paint samples was conducted as shown in Table-2. Table-2 depicts the data for radioactivity in varied variety of paints harmony with the findings done in references [17,20,21].For more details [22,23]. Even it is stated in reference 3 that paints acts as a protective layer over walls which significantly tend to reduce the Radon emanation from plastered walls.…”

Section: Radioactivity In Paintsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Environmental safety from radioactive radiation perspective-A preliminary research

Vinayak,

Sood,

Sharma

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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A preliminary cum. exploratory research is carried out to explore the few selected areas within Chandigarh to introspect our living and surrounding environmental conditions that whether it’s safe from radiation perspective or not. The radiation here in this paper signifies the highly energetic radioactive radiation emitted from inside the nucleus. The motivation for performing this work is to ensure the safety of living beings from the radioactive exposure. Effects of the radiation, especially in case of prolonged exposure, can be extremely dangerous or even fatal in near future if its dose limit exceeds than permissible limits. This brief investigation accounts for the background radiation manifested from natural radioactivity in building materials like gray cement or paint samples of various kinds. The study is also carried out at some critical spots in the Chandigarh city like hospitals which have radiology and radiotherapy centres, such as educational institutions (physics and chemistry labs), waste management unit, dumping ground etc. Radiation sensitive G.M counter apparatus have been used to analyse the presence and account for the presence of radiations persisting in that particular area. Henceforth, to acknowledge the radiation levels with a gas filled detection system (G.M. Counter) for that an optimal value of operating voltage is figured out. A preliminary investigation has revealed that the radiation counts/minute observed by us in the selected zones and spots is well within the permissible limits. A much systematic study with more accurate devices especially in the radiation prone areas of the country is highly required.

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Section: Radioactivity In Paintsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Environmental safety from radioactive radiation perspective-A preliminary research

Vinayak,

Sood,

Sharma

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…Dose rate observations for indoor (D Rindoor ), outdoor (D Routdoor ) air, and total D R were computed from Equations ( 14)-( 16) with the assumption that there are no contributions from 235 U and its daughter products ( 137 Cr and 90 Sr). D Rindoor (nGy•h −1 ) = 0.92 A Ra + 1.1 A Th + 0.080 A K (14) D Routdoor (nGy•h −1 ) = 0.462 A Ra + 0.604 A Th + 0.0417 A K (15) D R = D Rindoor + D Routdoor (16) where the constants represent factors used in converting the activities of 238 U, 232 Th and 40 K (Bq•kg −1 ) to their equivalent dose rates (nGy•h −1 ) [36]. Observed D R s values are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Absorbed Dose Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traces of some of these elements have been reported in rocks [9], soils [10,11], and water [12] in parts of the area. Therefore, exposure to ionizing radiation in the area is unavoidable due to the abundance of primordial radionuclides in the environment and even in some consumer products (e.g., tobacco, fuels, and building materials) [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Natural Radionuclide Distribution Pattern and Radiological Risk from Rocks in Precambrian Oban Massif, Southeastern Nigeria

et al. 2022

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A gamma spectrometric analysis of rock samples collected from the Precambrian Oban Massif, southeastern Nigeria, was performed to determine some primordial radioelements’ activity concentrations: U-238, Th-232, and K-40, and their associated radiological hazards. The mean activity of the primordial radionuclides was determined to be 1073.06 ± 0.65, 160.74 ± 1.32, and 250.76 ± 0.91 Bq·kg−1 for 40K, 238U, and 232Th, respectively, showing that they are inhomogeneously distributed, with activity changing with the rock type and location. The activity concentrations are highest in biotite garnet schist, quartz diorite, and biotite gneiss rock domains. The mean values of the radiological hazards are 0.08 Bq·kg−1 (alpha index), 2.15 Bq·kg−1(gamma index), 2.06 Bq·kg−1(internal) and 1.63 Bq·kg−1 (external4.30 Bq·kg−1(representative level index6), 602.23 Bq·kg−1, (radium equivalent), 780 nGy·h−1 (total absorbed dose rate), 270.91 nGy·h−1 (indoor), 509.78 nGy·h−1 (outdoor), 624.99, 1329.07 and 1954.06 mSv·yr−1 (outdoor, indoor and total annual effective dose equivalent, respectively), 6448.40 (cumulative excess lifetime cancer risk) and 248.94–3761.47 Bq·kg−1 (annual gonadal dose equivalent). These results are higher than their various permissible limits (except at Ako Community) and suggest that rocks in the area may be unsuitable for constructing dwelling places. It is strongly advised that basic safety standards and precautionary measures recommended by the European Commission should be strictly adhered to while dealing with these rocks.

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“…Radium-226 ( 226 Ra) is a long-lived, naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM), originating from the decay of uranium-238 ( 238 U), that served as an essential component in the self-luminescent paint commonly used for both civilian and military applications in the early 20th century . The paint was frequently used at naval facilities to mark doorways or thresholds on ships and buildings, in deck markers for ships and docks, and on the faces of gauges, dials, and other vehicle instrumentation. , This historical use has led to contemporary contamination of coastal sediments with discrete radioactive material (RAM) such as instrument dials or paint chips of military origin. ,− Other potential sources of 226 Ra contamination in the marine and coastal environments include decommissioning of oil and gas infrastructure and historical disposal of low-level radioactive waste. , Additionally, consumer products containing NORM-enhanced paint remain readily available in some countries, presenting opportunities for novel and unregulated 226 Ra contamination …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-Specific Toxicokinetics of Aqueous Radium-226 in an Estuarine Mussel, Geukensia demissa

Donaher

Dunn

Gonzales

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Radiological contamination of coastal habitats poses potential risk for native fauna, but the bioavailability of aqueous radium (Ra) and other dissolved metals to marine bivalves remains unclear. This study was the first to examine the tissue-specific disposition of aqueous 226 Ra in a coastal mussel, specifically the Atlantic ribbed mussel Geukensia demissa. Most organ groups reached steady-state concentrations within 7 days during experimental exposure, with an average uptake rate constant of 0.0013 mL g −1 d −1 . When moved to Ra-free synthetic seawater, mussels rapidly eliminated aqueous 226 Ra (average elimination rate constant 1.56 d −1 ). The biological half-life for aqueous 226 Ra ranged from 8.9 h for the gills and labial palps to 15.4 h for the muscle. Although previous field studies have demonstrated notable 226 Ra accumulation in the soft tissues of marine mussels and that, for freshwater mussels, tissue-incorporated 226 Ra derives primarily from the aqueous phase, our tissue-specific bioconcentration factors (BCFs) were on the order of (8.3 ± 1.5) × 10 −4 indicating low accumulation potential of aqueous 226 Ra in estuarine mussels. This suggests marine and estuarine mussels obtain 226 Ra from an alternate route, such as particulate-sorbed Ra ingested during filter-feeding or from a contaminated food source.

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Radiation hazard assessment from NORM-added paint products in Malaysia

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Environmental safety from radioactive radiation perspective-A preliminary research

Environmental safety from radioactive radiation perspective-A preliminary research

Assessment of Natural Radionuclide Distribution Pattern and Radiological Risk from Rocks in Precambrian Oban Massif, Southeastern Nigeria

Tissue-Specific Toxicokinetics of Aqueous Radium-226 in an Estuarine Mussel, Geukensia demissa

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