Radiation-grafted cation-exchange membranes: an initial <i>ex situ</i> feasibility study into their potential use in reverse electrodialysis

Willson, Terry R.; Hamerton, Ian; Varcoe, John R.; Bance-Soualhi, Rachida

doi:10.1039/c8se00579f

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…8 A class of AEM which exhibits notably high conductivities are radiation-graed anionexchange membranes (RG-AEM). 9 However, non-crosslinked, radiation-graed-type ion-exchange membranes (IEM) generally exhibit undesirably high water uptakes and swelling between the hydrated and dehydrated states, 10 as well as having low permselectivitites 11 (a high permselectivity is important for IEMs targeted for use in RED cells).…”

Section: Background and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The introduction of crosslinking into IEMs can improve permselectivities as well as lower water uptake and swelling. [11][12][13] However, crosslinking can lower ionic conductivities 11,[14][15][16] so the level of crosslinking needs to be carefully controlled to achieve an optimal balance between properties (e.g. improved permselectivities with minimal increases in resistance).…”

Section: Background and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes for reverse electrodialysis: a comparison ofN,N,N′,N′-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine crosslinking (amination stage) and divinylbenzene crosslinking (grafting stage)

et al. 2021

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Section: Background and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes for reverse electrodialysis: a comparison ofN,N,N′,N′-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine crosslinking (amination stage) and divinylbenzene crosslinking (grafting stage)

et al. 2021

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“…As shown in [ 132 , 164 , 165 ], the use of more flexible cross-linkers, for example, bis (vinylphenyl) ethane ( Figure 4 ), allows manufacturing ion-exchange membranes with a better selectivity/conductivity ratio. In particular, at close transfer numbers, the ionic conductivity of membranes crosslinked with bis (vinylphenyl) ethane is four times higher than that of membranes cross-linked by divinylbenzene [ 132 ]. This effect is explained by the close reactivity of bis (vinylphenyl) ethane and styrene, which provides more uniform cross-linking and more optimal membrane structure.…”

Section: Cross-linking Of Polymer Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Dependence of apparent transport numbers (0.5/0.1 M NaCl) on the Na + conductivity of various cation exchange membranes. 1—grafted membranes based on UV-oxidized polymethylpentene [ 84 ], 2—homogeneous and pseudo-homogeneous materials, 3—heterogeneous membranes, 4—grafted membranes based on polyethylene [ 115 , 132 ]. Some trade names of commercially available membranes are shown in the Figure.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Selectivity of Transport Processes in Ion-Exchange Membranes: Relationship with the Structure and Methods for Its Improvement

Стенина

Голубенко

Nikonenko

et al. 2020

IJMS

124

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Nowadays, ion-exchange membranes have numerous applications in water desalination, electrolysis, chemistry, food, health, energy, environment and other fields. All of these applications require high selectivity of ion transfer, i.e., high membrane permselectivity. The transport properties of ion-exchange membranes are determined by their structure, composition and preparation method. For various applications, the selectivity of transfer processes can be characterized by different parameters, for example, by the transport number of counterions (permselectivity in electrodialysis) or by the ratio of ionic conductivity to the permeability of some gases (crossover in fuel cells). However, in most cases there is a correlation: the higher the flux density of the target component through the membrane, the lower the selectivity of the process. This correlation has two aspects: first, it follows from the membrane material properties, often expressed as the trade-off between membrane permeability and permselectivity; and, second, it is due to the concentration polarization phenomenon, which increases with an increase in the applied driving force. In this review, both aspects are considered. Recent research and progress in the membrane selectivity improvement, mainly including a number of approaches as crosslinking, nanoparticle doping, surface modification, and the use of special synthetic methods (e.g., synthesis of grafted membranes or membranes with a fairly rigid three-dimensional matrix) are summarized. These approaches are promising for the ion-exchange membranes synthesis for electrodialysis, alternative energy, and the valuable component extraction from natural or waste-water. Perspectives on future development in this research field are also discussed.

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“…Therefore, their dependence on only one of − 3 -SO the parameters is generally not very strict. In addition, to increase the selectivity or conductivity of membranes, various approaches are commonly used; they include bulk or surface modification of membranes [24][25][26][27][28], crosslinking [29][30][31], and other approaches that also affect the transport process rate [32][33][34].…”

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confidence: 99%

Dependence of the Transport Properties of Perfluorinated Sulfonated Cation-Exchange Membranes on Ion-Exchange Capacity

Прихно

Safronova

Стенина

et al. 2020

Membr. Membr. Technol.

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The transport properties of ion-exchange membranes depend on many factors, primarily, on ionexchange capacity and chemical composition. Therefore, the correlation of transport properties with a single particular parameter is generally not quite strict. In this study, the dependence of transport properties of several perfluorinated sulfonated cation-exchange membranes that differ in side chain length and fraction of fragments containing ether groups on ion-exchange capacity is analyzed. It is shown that, with a decrease in the ion-exchange capacity from 1.35 to 0.66 mg-equiv/g, the proton conductivity of membranes contacting water and their diffusion permeability with respect to a 0.1 M HCl solution decrease by two orders of magnitude. A decrease in relative humidity leads to the most significant decrease in the conductivity of membranes with a low ion-exchange capacity. Thus, at a relative humidity of 32%, the conductivity of the studied membranes decreases more than 600-fold with a decrease in ion-exchange capacity. In general, the oxygen permeability of membranes is characterized by a similar dependence. However, in this set of membranes, it varies as little as threefold.

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Radiation-grafted cation-exchange membranes: an initial ex situ feasibility study into their potential use in reverse electrodialysis

Abstract: A low resistance bis(vinylphenyl)ethane-crosslinked radiation-grafted cation-exchange membrane can achieve a permselectivity of >90%.

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes for reverse electrodialysis: a comparison ofN,N,N′,N′-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine crosslinking (amination stage) and divinylbenzene crosslinking (grafting stage)

Radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes for reverse electrodialysis: a comparison ofN,N,N′,N′-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine crosslinking (amination stage) and divinylbenzene crosslinking (grafting stage)

Selectivity of Transport Processes in Ion-Exchange Membranes: Relationship with the Structure and Methods for Its Improvement

Dependence of the Transport Properties of Perfluorinated Sulfonated Cation-Exchange Membranes on Ion-Exchange Capacity

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